1、全国自考（英语写作）-试卷 1 及答案解析(总分：6.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Supply the missing p(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Examinations In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other a
2、reas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examination cause much preparation work. So it therefore appears that examinations whether considered good or bad would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge. _ In offices whether government or
3、 private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work. In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade students into different classes. Government examination help to stre
4、am students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study. In all these cases, examinations inculcate a spirit of hard work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and o
5、verall standard of knowledge.（分数：2.00）_二、Write an outline(总题数：1，分数：2.00)2.How to Improve your study Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can r
6、eceive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how: 1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings
7、, classes, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will ena
8、ble you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play. 2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin
9、to work, you should be able to put your heart into it. 3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize
10、 less important material and you may skip some of these parts. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well. 4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes
11、to help you remember what the teacher says. 5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points in class as well as you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read th
12、at material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests. 6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The world wont end
13、if you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your new knowledge permanent. There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been
14、 mentioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades. _（分数：2.00）_三、Compose an essay(总题数：1，分
15、数：2.00)3.The examination system has come to be the main theme of modern education. Some people are in favor of the important role of examination in the realm of education. Other people maintain that such an examination system should be abolished. Should examination be abolished? What is your opinion
16、? Write an essay of about 300 words to sup-port your ideas.（分数：2.00）_全国自考（英语写作）-试卷 1 答案解析(总分：6.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Supply the missing p(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Examinations In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examinat
17、ion-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examination cause much preparation work. So it therefore appears that examinations whether considered good or bad would stay for a wh
18、ile as a test of human knowledge. _ In offices whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work. In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade
19、students into different classes. Government examination help to stream students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study. In all these cases, examinations inculcate a spirit of hard work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again
20、 on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and overall standard of knowledge.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Examinations are meant to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be the
21、ir immediate mission in life. In our competitive world today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are all owed to continue, or study a harder syllabus. The examination results would show whether the student
22、is ready to start the next phase of his course. Moreover, for entrance into a university, preuniversity examination results would provide a guide as to judge whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary. This is because the number of seats in the university is limited and only deservin
23、g, hard-working students should be given a place.)解析：解析： 该文章有 5 个自然段，要求根据内容补出第 2 段。 第一自然段简要讲述了现当今的教育中，考试是非常普遍的一种方式，用来考查学习和工作状况。虽然被指向以考试为导向，但它确实为工作和学习提供一种测试方式。第三段和第四段讲述考试在职场和学校里施行的状况。最后一段总结了考试的有利作用。 根据内容的上下关系，我们可以推断出，第二段应该在第一段的基础之上，讲“Examination”的具体状况，如它的目的、作用等。还可联系实际说明其作用。将上一段的内容扩展，同时联系下文。 在写议论文时，要根
24、据文章的内容适当联系实际，或列数字，或打比方，或作比较，以丰富文章内容。二、Write an outline(总题数：1，分数：2.00)2.How to Improve your study Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however. You can rece
25、ive better grades if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Heres how: 1. Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule or chart of your time. Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, c
26、lasses, etc. Then decide on good, regular times for studying. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignment as well. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Furthermore, it will enable
27、 you to plan your activities so that you have adequate time for both work and play. 2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable, and it should not have distractions. When you begin to
28、work, you should be able to put your heart into it. 3. Skim before you read. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize le
29、ss important material and you may skip some of these parts. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improves your comprehension as well. 4. Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Sit where you can see and hear well. Take notes to
30、help you remember what the teacher says. 5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points in class as well as you remain confused about. Read about these points in your textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that
31、material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests. 6. Develop a good attitude about tests. The world wont end if
32、you dont pass a test, so dont worry excessively about a single test. Tests provide grades, but they also let you know what you need to spend more time studying, and they help make your new knowledge permanent. There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Only a few have been me
33、ntioned here. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these. Talk with your classmates about their study techniques. Share with them some of the techniques you have found to be helpful. Improving your study habits will improve your grades. _（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：I. Students of ave
34、rage intelligence becoming top students without additional work II. Having six ways to achieve this goal A. Planning your time carefully 1. Making a list of weekly tasks 2. Making a schedule B. Finding a good place to study 1. Choosing a comfortable place 2. Choosing a place without distractions C.
35、Skimming before you read 1. Double speed 2. Improving comprehension D. Making good use of your time in class 1. Listening well 2. Taking notes E. Studying regularly 1. Reviewing notes 2. Reviewing textbook F. Developing a good attitude towards tests 1. No worry about a single test 2. Using test to m
36、ake new knowledge permanent III. Discovering some other ways to improve your grade)解析：解析： 作文提纲分两种，即“句子提纲”(sentence outline)和“论点提纲”(topic outline)。本题正是要求学生对该文章做“论点提纲”的书写。 因此首先要掌握论点提纲具有怎样的特点，否则便无从下笔。从教材我们可得知，句子提纲中的每句话都必须是完整的，而论点提纲中的每句话都可以是短语，也可以是从句，甚至单词。两种提纲无优劣之分，只是看题目要求、主题需要或依据个人爱好而定。例如该题就要求使用论点提纲来列，
37、因此要注意论点提纲的形式和特点。 就本题而言，纵览全文可以看出，该文章是讲述中等智商的学生如何在不做额外功课的情况下取得更好的成绩，做一名上等生。即“How to be a top student for those average students with average intelligence?”在列举提纲时，要把握整体层次。该文章明显分为三个层次，即，提出问题，解决问题列举，其他可行方法。所以总的提纲可列为： 1Students of average intelligence becoming top students without additional work 2Having
38、six ways to achieve this goal 3Discovering some other ways to improve your grade 文章在提出问题之后，列举了六点如何提高成绩的方法，如认真计划时间、找到适合学习的地方等，都以序号的形式叙述。在解决问题的六个小点当中，又有具体的分层。拿第一小点为例：作者叙述过“Plan your time carefully”后，紧接着就用更具体的方法阐述如何仔细计划时间。经阅读各句之间的关系分析后可得知，这一点的内容又可分为两个小层次， 即make a list of weekly tasks；make a schedule or
39、 chart。全段内容都是围绕这两点展开。由此不难得出，第一小点的提纲可列为： APlanning your time carefully 1Making a list of weekly tasks 2Making a schedule 以下五点均按此思维模式，此处不再赘述。提纲可列为： BFinding a good place to study 1Choosing a comfortable place 2Choosing a place without distractions CSkimming before you read 1Double speed 2Improving com
40、prehension DMaking good use of your time in class 1Listening well 2Taking notes EStudying regularly 1Reviewing notes 2Reviewing textbook FDeveloping a good attitude towards tests 1No worry about a single test 2Using test to make new knowledge permanent 最后，避免把问题叙述得绝对化，作者又阐明还有其他方法可提高分数，即上文中的第 3 点。三、Co
41、mpose an essay(总题数：1，分数：2.00)3.The examination system has come to be the main theme of modern education. Some people are in favor of the important role of examination in the realm of education. Other people maintain that such an examination system should be abolished. Should examination be abolished
42、? What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 300 words to sup-port your ideas.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： My Reasons for the Abolishment of the Examination System The examination system has come to be the main theme of modern education. One should take an examination and succeed in passing it before he
43、 could be admitted, promoted or graduated. As it plays so important a role in the realm of education, it becomes a subject to much criticism as to its validity. Many people think that an examination is the only means to measure knowledge, but, in fact, that is not true. A few questions given in exam
44、ination could by no means cover the whole field or scope of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject. And so they are entitled to be called successful students. I wish further to say that becaus
45、e of the existence of the examination system, students pay so much attention to high marks that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote themselves to the study of textbooks only. They, of course, know nothing but the skeleton of knowledge. The end and a
46、im of education, however, is to enable students to learn how to live. To do this, the students must avail themselves of all kinds of training, physical as well as mental. The present examination system has discouraged students from making such an attempt. Moreover, since the students try so hard to
47、commit their lessons to memory in as short a time as possible, psychologically, they soon forget the whole subject as soon as the examination is over. Surely, this is one of the greatest wastes ever made in the history of civilization. Lastly, in order to get high marks, there is a great temptation for students to cheat in examination. Indeed, suc
