1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 112 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart III Rea(总题数：5，分数：50.00)Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I ha
2、d no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grand-parents, aunts,
3、 uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love
4、discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit toget
5、her. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-di
6、scipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.（分数：10.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us that the author
7、_.（分数：2.00）A.was born to a naturalists familyB.lost his hearing when he was a childC.didnt like his brothers and sistersD.was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood(2).The author cant remember his relatives clearly because_.（分数：2.00）A.he didnt live very long with themB.he was fully occup
8、ied with observing natureC.he was too young when he lived with themD.the family was extremely large(3).Which of the following statement is true?（分数：2.00）A.The author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.B.The authors brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.C.The author
9、 read a lot of books about the natural world and the oil industry.D.The author spent a lot of time working on riddles.(4).The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he_.（分数：2.00）A.lacks some of the qualities required of a scientistB.has a great deal of
10、 trouble doing mental arithmeticC.just reads about other peoples observations and discoveriesD.comes up with solutions in a most natural way(5).According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be_.（分数：2.00）A.full of ambitionB.full of enthusiasmC.knowledgeableD.self-disciplinedSporting
11、activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey(猎物) into a goal-mouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the h
12、unters triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place, we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way
13、 of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operated as skillful male-group attackers. Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their impr
14、oved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new usethat of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival. The
15、 skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences, but the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their ski
16、ll against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.（分数：10.00）(1).The author believes that sporting activities_.（分数：2.00）A.are forms of biological developmentB.are essentially for
17、ms of taming the preyC.have actually developed from huntingD.have changed the way of hunting(2).In a football game, what is equal to the prey in hunting is_.（分数：2.00）A.any member of the opposing teamB.the goal-mouthC.the goal keeperD.the football(3).For over a million years, our forefathers were bas
18、ically_.（分数：2.00）A.co-operating huntersB.successful farmersC.runners and jumpersD.skillful sportsmen(4).The word “operation“ (Para.4) refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.domesticating animalsB.huntingC.prey killingD.sports activities(5).Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?（分数：2.00）
19、A.It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities.B.Farming is very important in human civilization because it saves human beings from risks and uncertainties of hunting for survival.C.It is hunting that provides human beings with much simpler ways of obtaining meat
20、y meals.D.Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which his forefathers developed for survival.A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the psychological and physical he
21、alth of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are. It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitants of particular area enjo
22、y exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes or rats. Moreover, we can all
23、 generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious(活泼的) than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable (稳定). And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talk
24、ative, and spontaneous. But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate: the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperament? Is the strength and h
25、eight of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows? We are not yet sure of the answers to such questions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.（分数：10.00）(1)._might serve as a suitable title for this selection.
26、（分数：2.00）A.The Importance of Geographical EnvironmentB.The Influence of Geographical Environment on ManC.Generalization of Types of PeopleD.Geographical Environment, a Mysterious Subject(2).Using context clues we may infer that “iodine, fluoride, and calcium“ are_.（分数：2.00）A.substances which act pos
27、itively or negatively on mans healthB.harmful substances in the water supplyC.substances which help provide breeding places for pestsD.substances contributory to good health(3).We may infer from the third paragraph that geography and climate play an important role in determining the inhabitants _.（分
28、数：2.00）A.health conditionB.personalityC.life-spanD.all of the above(4).According to the author, research into the influence of geography and climate should_.（分数：2.00）A.focus on some unknown aspectsB.be pursued on a larger scaleC.be carried out within a larger scopeD.go much deeper(5).The author hope
29、s that studies on the influence of geographical environment will enable us to_.（分数：2.00）A.generalize better about types of peopleB.find better water suppliesC.gain an insight into its influence on mankindD.live to a ripe old ageThe agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things
30、; the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe,“ said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of o
31、ur labor, land being abundant. “It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in the nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude(粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on
32、their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his i
33、nvention. The farmers, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “
34、here“ in Line 4 refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.EuropeB.AmericaC.New JerseyD.Indiana(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America.B.The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt s plow for fear of ruin of their fields.C.Both Europe and Ameri
35、ca had great need for farm machinery.D.It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.(3).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.the agriculture revolutionB.the invention of labor-saving machineryC.the development of scientific agricultureD.the farming machinery in America(4).At t
36、he opening of the nineteenth century, farmers in America_.（分数：2.00）A.preferred light toolsB.were extremely self-reliant (自给的)C.had many toolsD.had very few tools(5).It is implied but not stated in the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.there was a shortage of workers on American farmsB.the most important of t
37、he early invention was the iron plowC.after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plowD.Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plowKatherine walked into a newspaper office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked f
38、or him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews. Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didnt accept schoolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like
39、 a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversation, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, from writing a leading artic
40、le to a serial story, she said: “I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!“ Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a great London newspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalis
41、t. Upon this Katherine burst into tears, and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment. “Look here,“ he said, “if you come to me in two
42、 years time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting-paper, I will give you something to do.“ “Really? If you dont mind, Ill have it in black and white,“ said the girl. The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she
43、looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity (严肃) which he found quite amusing, for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.（分数：10.00）(1).The
44、real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he_.（分数：2.00）A.heard her asking for himB.was not very busyC.thought it would amuse himD.liked to work with young girls(2).“He rather liked it for its novelty“ means he liked it because it was_.（分数：2.00）A.unusualB.pleasantC.courageousD
45、.friendly(3).The editor walked up and down the room, because he was_.（分数：2.00）A.rather angry with herB.afraid other people would hear her cryingC.not sure whether he should dismiss her or notD.trying to make a decision(4).As their conversation continued, the editor_.（分数：2.00）A.changed his opinion of
46、 the girlB.grew tired of herC.became annoyedD.thought she was too uneducated(5).When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl, he_.（分数：2.00）A.hoped that this would please the girlB.wished that it would take effect soonC.adopted a rather serious attitudeD.didnt mean what he wrote专升本英语（阅读）模拟试
47、卷 112 答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart III Rea(总题数：5，分数：50.00)Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for
48、music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grand-parents, aunts, uncles and c
49、ousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observa
