1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 73 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark
2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world half of them in India. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 onl
3、y about 1,800 tiger existed in India. Project Tiger supported by W. W. F. was immediately launched. Nine tiger reserves were created, with armed guards protecting them. The project provided opportunities for researchers from India and abroad to study tigers in the reserves and gather previously unav
4、ailable information about their habits. Studies show that a male tiger may control a hunting territory of between 10 and 20 sq. kms. depending on its age, size and strength. The territory of a male includes the smaller territories of three or four tigresses. A tiger marks the boundaries of its terri
5、tory by spraying urine (尿) and other bodily liquids on bushes. But it tries to avoid territorial fights, being guided by the distinctive body smell of other tigers. Tigers fight to death only when a tigress is defending her young, or when a tiger is guarding a tigress from the attentions of other ma
6、les. The popular image of the tiger is that of a merciless and unconquerable hunter. But studies show that it catches only one of 20 victims it tries to attack. Fears have recently developed that Project Tiger has been too successful. It has enabled the tiger population to double (by mid-80s) but In
7、dias human population has also grown out of control. Currently it is 750 million and likely to be 900 million by the end of the century. Land problem is becoming serious and many rural people feel bitter about the fact that some rich forests are reserved for tigers. A growing number of attacks by ti
8、gers on man has added to the hostility.（分数：10.00）(1).The ultimate aim of Project Tiger is to_.（分数：2.00）A.protect tigers from being killedB.study the growth rate of tigersC.promote the breeding of young tigersD.analyze the behavioral patterns of tigers(2).Studies have shown that_.（分数：2.00）A.a tigress
9、 never attacks until attackedB.the tigress is not as fierce as the tigerC.the tiger is not an efficient hunter as is commonly describedD.a tiger usually fights another tiger to defend its own territory(3).According to the passage, a tigers territory_.（分数：2.00）A.remains unchangedB.is often defended b
10、y tigressesC.is the cause of most fightsD.expands as the tiger grows up(4).Some people are afraid that Project Tiger_.（分数：2.00）A.has failed to achieve its goalB.has not received enough attentionC.has been carried too farD.is not worth the money spent on it(5).The author seems_.（分数：2.00）A.to have a m
11、atter-of-fact attitude towards Project TigerB.to be enthusiastic about Project TigerC.to have a hostile attitude towards Project TigerD.to be satisfied with Project TigerWe use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in diff
12、erent ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probab
13、ly because they are born with those behavior patterns. Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like “he went pale and begin to tremble“ suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shoc
14、k. However, “he opened his eyes wide“ is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise. In Chinese “surprise“ can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues!“ Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike. Even in
15、 the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on peoples faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or unders
16、tand body language than younger people do.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, _.（分数：2.00）A.we can hardly understand what peoples gestures meanB.we can not often be sure what people mean when they describe their feelings in words or gesturesC.words can be better understood by older peopleD.gestur
17、es can be understood by most of the people while words can not(2).Peoples facial expressions may be misunderstood because_.（分数：2.00）A.people of different ages may have different understandingB.people have different culturesC.people of different sex may understand a gesture in a different wayD.people
18、 of different countries speak different languages(3).In the same culture, _.（分数：2.00）A.people have different ability to understand and express feelingsB.people have the same understanding of somethingC.people never fail to understand each otherD.people are equally intelligent(4).From this passage, w
19、e can conclude that_.（分数：2.00）A.words are used as frequently as gesturesB.words are often found difficult to understandC.words and gestures are both used in expressing feelingsD.gestures are more efficiently used than words(5).The best title for this passage may be_.（分数：2.00）A.Words and FeelingsB.Wo
20、rds, Gestures and FeelingsC.Gestures and FeelingsD.Culture and UnderstandingThe accuracy of scientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of the scientists time-keeping methods. For this reason, scientists are interested in devices that give promise of more precise time-keeping. In
21、 their search for precision, scientists have turned to atomic clocks that depend on various vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their “ticking“. This is possible because each kind of atom or molecule has its own characteristic rate of vibration. Atom in ammonia, for example, vibrates or “ticks“ 2
22、4 billion times a second. One such atomic clock is so accurate that it will probably lose no more than a second in 3000 years. It will be of great importance in fields such as astronomical observation and long-range navigation. The heart of this Atomichron is a cesium (铯) atom that vibrates 9. 2 bil
23、lion times a second when heated to the temperature of boiling water. An atomic clock that operates with an ammonia molecule may be used to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einsteins relativity theories, according to which a clock in motion and a clock at rest should keep time differently.
24、Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of 18,000 miles an hour, the clock could broadcast its time readings on a similar model. Whatever differences develop would be checked against the differences predicted.（分数：10.00）(1).The selection says that the accuracy of scientific observation depe
25、nds on_.（分数：2.00）A.methods of measurementB.basic assumptionsC.time-keeping methodsD.earlier experiments(2).Atomic clocks differ according to_.（分数：2.00）A.functionB.the rate of vibrationC.the type of molecule or atom usedD.both B and C(3).The Atomichron will be used in_.（分数：2.00）A.making astronomical
26、observationsB.measuring vibration ratesC.broadcastingD.all of the above(4).From the selection, we may assume that temperature changes_.（分数：2.00）A.affect only ammonia moleculesB.may affect the vibration rate of atomsC.affect the speed at which atoms travelD.do not affect atoms in any way(5).An approp
27、riate title for this selection would be_.（分数：2.00）A.A Peacetime Use of the AtomB.The Satellite TimekeeperC.Atoms and MoleculesD.The Role of the ClockNowadays, with women playing an ever-increasing role in all kinds of careers and professions, it is difficult to understand that there was a time when
28、no medical school would accept a woman. They all said that only a man could be a doctor. An American, Elizabeth Blackwell, was determined to become the first woman doctor in the world. After a great deal of delay and opposition, she received, to her great surprise, a letter from the Dean of Geneva C
29、ollege informing her that she had been accepted. Much later, Elizabeth discovered what had actually happened when her application had been received by the College authorities. None of them wanted to have a woman student, but they did not wish to offend the influential Philadelphia doctor who had rec
30、ommended her, so they hit on the expedient of turning the decision over to the students general meeting. They were quite certain that this would result in this alarming idea being turned down. But when the student body met, many of them thought it would be amusing to be the only medical college in t
31、he country which could boast that it was training some sort of Amazon as a woman doctor. Some genuinely believed that women should be treated equally. While others thought of the whole thing as a joke. So the vote in favor was carried unanimously, and the college authorities found, with dismay, that
32、 they would now have to admit Elizabeth. A few days after receiving the notification of her acceptance, Elizabeth was on the train for the two-day journey to Geneva College.（分数：10.00）(1).It is unbelievable that in the past_.（分数：2.00）A.no medical schoolB.no good woman doctorC.medical school would acc
33、ept a woman studentD.woman medical student could become doctor(2).Elizabeth Blackwell_.（分数：2.00）A.already knew that her application would be approvedB.had never expected that she would be admittedC.never doubted that she would become a medical studentD.always doubted the fact that she became a medic
34、al student(3).Why were students asked to decide on Elizabeths application?（分数：2.00）A.Because the college was democratic.B.Because all the policy was decided by students in that college.C.Because students were more fair than the authorities.D.Because the college authorities believed that man students
35、 would not accept Blackwell meanwhile they would not offend the recommender.(4).Unanimously (in the second paragraph ) means _.（分数：2.00）A.not the sameB.not agreedC.not in the same wayD.all agree(5).The students agreed to accept Elizabeth Blackwell as fellow student _.（分数：2.00）A.for some reason untol
36、dB.they believed in equality of the sexesC.so as not to offend the authoritiesD.because they thought it would be amusingAll that we really need to plot out the future of our universe are a few good measurements. This does not mean that we can sit down today and outline the future course of the unive
37、rse with anything like certainty. There are still too many things we do not know about the way the universe is put together. But we do know exactly what information we need to fill in our knowledge, and we have a pretty good idea of how to go about getting it. Perhaps the best way to think of our pr
38、esent situation is to imagine a train coming into a switchyard. All of the switches(转辙器) are set before the train arrives, so that its path is completely determined. Some switches we can see, others we cannot. There is no ambiguity if we can see the setting of a switch; we can say with confidence th
39、at some possible futures will not materialize and others will. At the unseen switches, however, there is no such certainty. We know the train will take one of the tracks leading out, but we have no idea which one. The unseen switches are the true decision points in the future, and what happens when
40、we arrive at them determines the entire subsequent course of events. When we think about the future of the universe, we can see our “track“ many billions of years into the future, but after that there are decision points to be dealt with and possible fates to consider. The goal of science is to redu
41、ce the ambiguity at the decision points and find the true road that will be followed.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, it is difficult to be certain about the distant future of the universe because we_.（分数：2.00）A.have too many conflicting theoriesB.do not have enough funding to continue our re
42、searchC.are not sure how the universe is put togetherD.have focused our investigations on the moon and planets(2).What does the author see as the function of the universes unseen “switches“?（分数：2.00）A.They tell us which one of the tracks the universe will use.B.They enable us to alter the course of
43、the universe.C.They give us information about the lunar surface.D.They determine which course the universe will take in the future.(3).In the last paragraph, the word “track“ could best be replaced by which of the following?（分数：2.00）A.Band.B.Rails.C.Path.D.Sequence.(4).For whom is the author probabl
44、y writing this passage?（分数：2.00）A.Train engineers.B.Professors of statistics.C.General audiences.D.Young children.(5).Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.A statement illustrated by an analogy(类比).B.A hypothesis supported by documentation (引出文献)
45、.C.A comparison of two contrasting theories.D.A critical analysis of a common assumption.专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 73 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehens
46、ion questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_解析：By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world half of them in Indi
47、a. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tiger existed in India. Project Tiger supported by W. W. F. was immediately launched. Nine tiger reserves were created, with armed guards protecting them. The project provided opportunities for r
48、esearchers from India and abroad to study tigers in the reserves and gather previously unavailable information about their habits. Studies show that a male tiger may control a hunting territory of between 10 and 20 sq. kms. depending on its age, size and strength. The territory of a male includes the smaller territories of three or four tigresses. A tiger marks the boundaries of its territory by spraying urine (尿) and other bodily liquids on bushes. But it tries to avoid territorial fights, being guided by the distinctive body smell of other tigers. Tigers fight to de
