1、专升本英语-阅读理解(三)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：5，分数：100.00)America is a country on the move. In unheard of numbers, people of all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 59 percent of American adults exercise regularly-up 12 percent from just two years ag
2、o and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active. It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads for everything from
3、 beauty soaps to travel books. Exercise as a part of daily life did not catch on until the late 1960s when research by military doctors began to show the health benefits of doing regular physical exercises. Growing publicity (宣传) for races held in American cities helped fuel a strong interest in the
4、 ancient sport of running. Although running has leveled off in recent years as Americans have discovered equally rewarding and sometimes safer forms of exercise, such as walking and swimming, running remain the most popular forms of exercise. As the popularity of exercise continues to mount, so does
5、 scientific evidence of its health benefits. The key to fitness is exercising the major muscle groups vigorously (强有力地) enough to approximately double the heart rate and keep it doubled for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Doing such physical exercises three times of more a week will produce considerable
6、 improvements in physical health in about three months.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, what was the percentage of American adults doing regular physical exercises two years ago?（分数：4.00）A.About 70%.B.Nearly 60%.C.Almost 50%.D.More than 12%.(2).A growing interest in sports developed utter _.（
7、分数：4.00）A.research showed their health benefitsB.people got the message from magazine covers and postage stampsC.scientific evidence of health benefits was shown on TV adsD.an increasing number of races were held in American cities(3).Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “level
8、ed off“ (Para. 2, Line 5)?（分数：4.00）A.become very popularB.stopped being popularC.reached its lowest level in popularityD.stopped increasing in popularity(4).It can be learnt from the passage that the health benefits of exercise _.（分数：4.00）A.are yet to be provedB.are to be further studiedC.are suppor
9、ted by scientific evidenceD.are self-evident(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：4.00）A.Different Forms of ExerciseB.ExerciseThe Road to HealthC.Scientific Evidence of Health BenefitsD.RunningA Popular Form of SportIn only two decades Asian Americans have become the
10、 fastest growing the U.S. minority. As their children began moving up through the nation“s schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation“s best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have tak
11、en on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their educations abroad arrived in the U.S with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced b
12、y the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree. Most Asian-American students owe their success to the influence of parents who are dete
13、rmined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in A
14、sian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education. Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese, Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims o
15、f social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.（分数：20.00）(1).While making tremendous achievements at college, Asian-American students _.（分数：4.00）A.feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of EnglishB.are af
16、raid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian characterC.still worry, about unfair treatment in societyD.generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents(2).What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?（分数：4.00）A.A solid foundation in basic mathematic
17、s and Asian cultureB.Hard work and intelligenceC.Hard help and a limited knowledge of EnglishD.Asian culture and the American educational system(3).Few Asian-American students major in human sciences mainly because _.（分数：4.00）A.their English is not good enoughB.they are afraid they might meet with u
18、nfair judgment in these areasC.there is a wide difference between Asian and Western culturesD.they know little about American culture and society(4).Why do the two “explanations“ (Line 1, Para. 3) worry Asian Americans?（分数：4.00）A.They are afraid that they would again be isolated from American societ
19、y in general.B.People would think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.C.Asian Americans would be a threat to other minorities.D.American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character.(5).The author“s tone in this passage is _.（分数：4.00）A.sympatheticB.doubtfulC.cr
20、iticalD.objectiveSpace is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our envir
21、onment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation. But their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do pre
22、vent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rein“. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 ream without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The troub
23、le is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damagea person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形的) children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to
24、cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of reams. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they
25、 spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that _
26、.（分数：4.00）A.it protects him against the harmful rays from spaceB.it provides sufficient light for plant growthC.it supplies the heat necessary for human survivalD.it screens off the falling meteors(2).We know from the passage that _.（分数：4.00）A.exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatalB.the
27、 effect of exposure to radiation is slow in comingC.radiation is avoidable in space explorationD.astronauts in spacesuits needn“t worry about radiation damage(3).The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members _.（分数：4.00）A.is insignificantB.is enormousC.seems overestimatedD.remains unknown(4)
28、.It can be inferred from the passage that _.（分数：4.00）A.the Apollo mission was very successfulB.protection from space radiation is no easy jobC.astronauts will have deformed children of grand childrenD.radiation is not a threat to well protection space explorers(5).The best title for this passage wou
29、ld be _.（分数：4.00）A.The Atmosphere and Our EnvironmentB.Research on RadiationC.Effects of Space RadiationD.Importance of Protection Against RadiationWhen I began reading Catch-22, I thought it was a farcical satire on life in the United States Army Air Force. Later I believed that Mr. Heller“s target
30、 was modern war and all those who are responsible for waging it. Still later it seemed that he was attacking social organization and anyone who derives power from it. But by the end of the book it had become plain to me that it isno other phrase will dothe human condition itself which is the object
31、of Mr. Heller“s outraged fury and disgust. A reviewer must always keep an anxious eye on the state of his currency . If he announces too many masterpieces, he risks inflation( though it is sometimes forgotten by some of us that the cowardice of perpetual crabbing (挑剔) receives its own kind of punish
32、ment). It does not seem many weeks since I was proclaiming that Malcolm Lowry“s Under the Volcano is one of the great English novels of the century; and not long before that I was urging that attention should be paid to the magnificent and neglected talent of William Gerhardi. But at the risk of inf
33、lation I cannot help writing that Catch-22 is the greatest satirical work in English since Erewhon. For the fact is that all my successive interpretations of this book now seem to have been accurate, even if the earlier ones were also incomplete. The book has an immense and devastating (讽刺的) theme,
34、but this theme is illustrated, as it should be, by means of an observed reality. I am not suggesting that Catch-22 is a realistic account of life in the war-time Air Force of America or any other country. The method of satire is to inflate (放大) reality so that all its partially concealed blemishes (
35、缺点) turn into monstrous and apparent deformations. The effect of good satire is to make us laugh with horror. And this means that social and personal evils which are being satirized must have been there, and must be felt by the reader to be there even while he is laughing at the results of the satir
36、ist“s inflating imagination.（分数：20.00）(1).The passage seems to be from _.（分数：4.00）A.a review of a filmB.a book about the US Air ForceC.an essay on satireD.a review of a book(2).The writer suggests that Catch-22 is _.（分数：4.00）A.a very great English novelB.an accurate portrayal of life in wartimeC.an
37、excellent piece of satireD.the work of a neglected author(3).The underlined part “keep an anxious eye on the state of his currency“ means _.（分数：4.00）A.take care not to be over-critical in his writingB.watch carefully to see that nobody else takes his jobC.be careful to ensure that his comments retai
38、n their valueD.be sure that his salary keeps pace with inflation(4).Why does the writer say “at the risk of inflation“?（分数：4.00）A.Because he feels that he might be exaggeratingB.Because he has recently praised more works than usualC.Because he finds it hard to be objectiveD.Because he feels he may n
39、ot praise the work sufficiently(5).The writer suggests that good satire _.（分数：4.00）A.focuses on the horrors at the human conditionB.has little or no connection with realityC.distorts reality so that it becomes unrecognizableD.must be seen to be rooted in reality“A roiling stone gathers no moss (苔藓),
40、“ but there is one living animal that does gather moss, the three-toed sloth (树懒) of South America. This slowest-moving member of the animal kingdom is so inactive that moss actually gathers on its body and turns it greenstrange as it seems! Most of the sloth“s life is spent motionless, hanging upsi
41、de down from a limb. And that is the way its hair grows. Long and coarse, the strands (串) from receptacles (花托) for the damp jungle algae (水藻) that turn the brown fur a mossy green. Actually this moss helps the animal survive because it serves as a perfect camouflage against the leaf trees and hides
42、 the sloth from the jungle“s swift-moving hunters. The sloth would have little chance of survival on the ground. With long, curved claws hooked over the limb of a leafy tree, it spends the long hot hours during the day drowsing and eating. Inch by inch, it strips the leafy limbs bare and crawls slow
43、ly down the trunk to find a new dining spot, but only at night. In addition to looking rather like a vegetable, the sloth is a strict vegetarian. Running out of its favorite leaf is about the only thing that will make a sloth move. Then its appetite may even force the animal into swimming a stream t
44、o reach a juicy succulent (多汁的植物). It will also force it into fighting to keep the tree all to itself. The sloth is lazy and prefers to be alone, but it will tolerate its own relatives!（分数：20.00）(1).A suitable title for this passage might be _.（分数：4.00）A.Wild AnimalsB.Animal KingdomC.Moss GrowthD.Th
45、e Lazy Animal(2).The author“s purpose in writing the passage is _.（分数：4.00）A.to help children to gain a better understanding of animal lifeB.to prove that the saying “a rolling stone gathers no moss“ is wrongC.to introduce a particular animal to the common readerD.to discuss with professionals the l
46、aziness of animals(3).Which of the following is NOT true about the sloth?（分数：4.00）A.The sloth does not eat any meat.B.For most of its time, the sloth remains motionless on the ground.C.To some extent, the sloth is protected by the moss growing on its body.D.The sloth has a brown fur of its own.(4).A
47、ccording to the passage, the sloth will move about when _.（分数：4.00）A.it senses a coming dangerB.it is forced to swim on a hot dayC.it is short of its favorite foodD.it wants to keep itself to itself(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned or implied by the author?（分数：4.00）A.The sloth has only thr
48、ee toes.B.The sloth lives in the damp jungle of South America.C.The sloth usually tries to find a new spot for food at night.D.The sloth will never fight with other animals.专升本英语-阅读理解(三)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：5，分数：100.00)America is a country on the move. In unheard of numbers, people o
49、f all ages are exercising their way to better health. According to the latest figures, 59 percent of American adults exercise regularly-up 12 percent from just two years ago and more than double the figure of 25 years ago. Even non-exercisers believe they would be more attractive and confident if they were more active. It is hard not to get the message. The virtues of physical fitness are shown on magazine covers, postage stamps, and television ads for everything from beauty soaps to travel books. Exe
