1、专升本英语-阅读理解(一)及答案解析(总分：144.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第一组(总题数：2，分数：24.00)Passage OneThe card catalog is an alphabetical file that normally contains at least three 3 5 inch cards for every book in the library collection: an author card, a title card and subject card. The same information is included on each of t
2、hese three cards. The only difference is that the authors name is at the top of the author card, the title is added at the top of the title card, and the subject is added at the top of the subject card.The author card usually contains the authors full name, the year of his birth and the year of his
3、death, if he is no longer living. If you do not know the authors name, but you have the title, you will be able to locate the book by using the title card. The subject card is identical to the author card and the title card except that the subject of the book appears on the top line in black capital
4、s or in red letters.The card catalog may not contain the exact subject heading you have in mind. Consequently, you will need to be resourceful in your search. If, for example, you are interested in the problems of child labor during the industrial revolution in England, it may be necessary to look u
5、nder such headings as the following to find the information you need: industrial revolution; England-industrial revolution; child labor; employment-children; labor-child; factory system.（分数：12.00）(1).The meaning of the underlined word “identical“ is _.A. just the opposite B. a bad imitationC. just t
6、he same D. a different size（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The card catalog contains at least three cards _.A. for new books onlyB. for worn-out books onlyC. for reference books onlyD. for every book in the library（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The reader may assume that in order to locate a book in the library, one mus
7、t know _.A. either the title, the author or the subjectB. the title, the author and the subjectC. either the title or the subjectD. the author and the title（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is a correct author card?（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.Passage ThreeSome desert regions get no rainfall for month
8、s, and even years. Yet water can be found if you dig deep enough. For a long time this was a puzzling question. Then geologists found the answer. The underground water is rainwater-but the rain fell hundreds of miles away! It soaked into the ground and then flowed underground through a rock sandwich
9、.A rock sandwich with water in the filling has a scientific name: aquifer. An aquifer is composed of two or more layers of nonporous rock. Thats the bread of the sandwich. The filling is a layer of porous rock or sand. The whole sandwich, or aquifer, is titled at a slant. The higher end is in a regi
10、on of good rainfall, where the rain soaks into the porous rock or sand. The rainwater flows down at a slant between the nonporous rock layers. If a well is drilled through the top layer, the water flows up into the well.If the upper end of the aquifer is higher than the top of the well, the water is
11、 forced up without pumping. This convenient arrangement is called an artesian well because this kind of well was first developed in Artois, France.（分数：12.00）(1).A geologist is a person who studies _.A. weather patterns B. boundaries and land claimsC. the surface layers of the earth D. the orbits of
12、heavenly bodies（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).After the rain soaks into rocks, the rain water flows _.A. into the well B. down between rock layersC. through the sandwich D. to the dry regions（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The artesian well was first developed in _.A. France B. Spain C. England D. America（分数：3.00）A.B.C.
13、D.(4).This passage is about _.A. freshwater seas B. salt waterC. mountain streams D. underground water（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.二、第二组(总题数：5，分数：60.00)Passage FiveIn 1924, Nordic ski events were held at the first Winter Olympics in Chamonix, France. But the American skiers came home without medals. Norway took
14、 most of the medals for cross-country and ski jumping events that year. They did the same for many years after. From 1924 through 1972, the American skiers had no medals to show for their Olympic trips. The U.S. was generally thought to be weak in ski competition.But in 1974 it was discovered that t
15、he U. S. record was slightly better than people had been led to believe. And Norways record was not quite as good. The discovery was a surprise and a delight to American ski fans, but even more so to American skier Anders Haugen. After fifty years, Anders got the medal he should have won back in 192
16、4.In the ski jump event at Chamonix in 1924, Haugen had scored in fourth place. He had just missed earning a medal. His score was 17.916, just slightly behind Thorleif Haug of Norway. Haugs score of 18 had won him the bronze medal.But in 1974, Norways National Olympic Committee did a check of all fi
17、nal Olympic results. There had been an error in computing Haugs score! So Haugen, now, an elderly man, traveled across the ocean for his award. On September 12,1974, he was given a bronze medal in a special ceremony at the Norway Ski Museum.（分数：12.00）(1).The best title for this passage would be _.A.
18、 the 1924 Olympics B. Norways SkiersC. An Olympic Record Corrected D. American Skiers in the Olympics（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From 1924-1972, U. S. skiers were considered weak in Olympic competition because they _.A. had won only two medals B. had won no medalsC. had never entered jumping events D. had
19、won only one medal（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The writer says “the discovery was a surprise and a delight to American ski fans“ in order to _.A. show that the error and its correction were important to ski fans as well as to HaugenB. show that the error was more important to fans than to HaugenC. suggest t
20、hat the Americans eared more about the error than the NorwegiansD. suggest that there had been no error（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The best definition for the word computing is _.A. writing B. judging C. figuring D. multiplying（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.Passage OneStories dont just happen ; they are created. There a
21、re no stories in the everyday course of events; there are only the ingredients for stories. A dozen people may watch a man standing on the fifth-floor ledge or a small child crying. There is no story involved in either case unless one of the dozen chooses to make one upto surround the isolated event
22、 with a beginning and an end, thereby giving what we call a meaning to human action. In other words, there has to be a story-maker-a story-teller-if there is to be a story.You as the story-maker or writer are in complete control of all of the details of your story. You have control over who the char
23、acters are, what they do, and why they do it. You also have control over how the story is to be told and who is going to tell it. You can adopt one of a number of points of view, each of which will give a quite different total story.Broadly speaking, there are two major approaches a writer can take:
24、 (1) you can present the story as if told by someone who is completely outside it, or (2) you can present the story as if told by one of its characters. In either case, the tellers role is an assumed role.（分数：12.00）(1).The author of this passage uses ingredients to mean _.A. creative features B. uni
25、mportant detailsC. misleading facts D. raw materials（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Who controls all the details of the story?A. The story-maker. B. The characters.C. The publisher. D. The proofreader.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The main idea of this passage is _.A. stories are created B. nonfiction stories are trueC
26、. legends are a type of story D. most stories are historical accounts（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Based on the two approaches mentioned in the passage, the story can be told by _.A. the one who writes the storyB. people who create storiesC. the man who is watched by peopleD. the one who is one of the charac
27、ters（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.Passage FourHow can we get rid of garbage? Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs?These are two important questions that many people are asking today. Some people think that man might be able to solve both problems at the same time. They suggest using g
28、arbage as an energy source, and at the same time it can save the land to hold garbage.For a long time, people buried garbage or dumped it on empty land. Now, empty land is scarce. But more and more garbage is produced each year. However, garbage can be a good fuel to use. The things in garbage do no
29、t look like coal, petroleum, or natural gas; but they are chemically similar to these fossil fuels. As we use up our fossil-fuel supplies, we might be able to use garbage as an energy source. Burning garbage is not a new idea. Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for
30、 years. The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water. The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby buildings. In Paris, France, some power plants burn almost 2 million metric tons of the cities garbage each year. The amount of energy produced is abou
31、t the same as would be produced by burning almost a half million barrels of oil.Our fossil fuel supplies are limited. Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs. This method could also reduce the amount if garbage piling up on the earth.（分数：12.00
32、）(1).What two problems can man solve by burning garbage?A. The shortage of energy and air pollution.B. The shortage of energy and the land to hold garbage.C. Air pollution and the shortage of fossil fuel.D. Air pollution and the shortage of land to hold garbage.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the
33、passage, using garbage is _.A. for heating in France each yearB. a new way in a modern societyC. a good way to solve the problem of energy shortageD. too expensive as an energy source（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the authors attitude?A. Delighted. B. Sad. C. Agreeing. D. Disagreeing.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.
34、(4).The best title for the passage may be _.A. Garbage and the Earth B. Fossil Fuel and GarbageC. Land and Garbage D. Garbage? Energy Source（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.Passage TwoThe thought of not sleeping for twenty-four hours or more is not a pleasant one for most people. The amount of sleep that each perso
35、n needs varies. In general, each of us needs about eight hours of sleep each day to keep our bodies healthy and happy. Some people, however, can get by just a few hours of sleep at night.It doesnt matter when or how much a person sleeps. But everyone needs some rest to stay alive. Few doctors would
36、have thought that there might be an exception on this. Sleep is, after all, a very basic need. But a man named A1 Herpin turned out to be a real exception, for supposedly, he never slept!A1 Herpin was 90 years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They hoped to negate the claims that he n
37、ever slept. But they were surprised. Though they watched him every hour of the day, they never saw Herpin sleeping. He did not even own a bed. He never needed one.The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read a half dozen newspapers. His doctors were baffled by this
38、strange case of permanent insomnia. Herpin offered the only clue to his condition. He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he had been born. Herpin died at the age of 94, never having slept a wink.（分数：12.00）(1).This passage centers on _.A. dream interpretatio
39、n B. patterns of sleepC. A1 Herpins sleepless life D. sleeps and dreams（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The expression “get by“, in the last sentence of the first paragraph is _.A. a confusing expression B. a rude expressionC. an everyday expression D. an improper expression（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A1 Herpins condi
40、tion could be regarded as _.A. normal B. curable C. healthful D. rare（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The most likely reason on Herpions insomnia was _.A. his mothers injury before he was bornB. that he never got tiredC. his magnificent physical conditionD. that he got enough rest rocking（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.Passag
41、e ThreeAmericans are well known for the strange diets they always seem to be following. It seems that Americans like to diet almost as much as they like to eat. New types of diet plans are always coming out. Usually, though, they dont stay popular for long.There are many diets on the market. It is o
42、ften difficult to know which ones really work. Its also hard to believe how fast a dieter is supposed to shed pounds. A lot has been written about dieting. And some interesting facts about diets and foods have been discovered.For example, did you know that the more celery you eat, the more weight yo
43、u will lose.9 Celery has “negative“ calories. The body burns up more calories digesting a piece of celery than there are in the celery stick itself.Dieters shun potatoes because they think they are fattening. But they arent. A potato has about the same number of calories as an apple. To gain a singl
44、e pound, you would have to eat eleven pounds of potatoes!Some dieters even worry about getting fat from licking postage stamps. But they have nothing to worry about. The glue on an average stamp has only about one-tenth of a calorie. Maybe a diet of postage stamps would be popular?（分数：12.00）(1).This
45、 passage is all about _.A. vegetables B. fads C. Americans D. dieting（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Celery is a good food for the dieter because _.A. it has a lot of protein B. vegetables are not fatteningC. it has “negative“ calories D. it is easy to digest（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The shun is to _.A. love B. hat
46、e C. avoid D. fear（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).One could conclude from this passage that _.A. dieting is not a healthy practiceB. everyone dietsC. there is only one good way to lose weightD. dieting can be confusing（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.三、第三组(总题数：5，分数：60.00)Passage ThreeOn October 17, 1829, Sam Patch did what he
47、 had said he would do. He perched on a platform built beside Niagara Falls, and jumped into the river a hundred feet below. A big crowd had gathered to watch Sams well-advertised leap. The spectators held their breath as the daredevil hit the swirling water. At last his head burst out of the foam, t
48、hirty feet clear of the falls. The crowd let out a mighty roar. Men waved their hats and yelled out the expression that had become Sams trademark : “Theres no mistake in Sam Patch!“Sam began his career as a leaper in 1827, when he jumped eighty feet into the Passaic River, from a bridge that was sti
49、ll under construction. He was delighted with the notoriety he received. He traveled from town to town, jumping from masts, cliffs and bridges. Then he made his great conquest of Niagara Falls.Sam was spurred on by the widespread public excitement over his successful leap from the Fails. He turned to the higher Genesee Falls for his next feat. On November 13, a scaffold was constructed 125 feet above the base of the Falls. A huge crowd gathered
