1、专升本英语-阅读(一)及答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)Not too long ago, if you bought a bottle of cola you paid a few cents deposit on the bottle, and the only way to redeem that extra cost was to return the empty bottle to the store. Bottles were still expensive enough to make it worth the cola-bottlers trouble to
2、keep collecting the empties, sterilizing them, and refilling them over and over again.But then the glass makers learned how to mold bottles of cheap glass that cost a cola-bottler less than it cost to pay for collecting and reusing the old-style bottles. So the “one-way, no-deposit, no return“ bottl
3、es came into use. They were never free; the price of the cola went up a trifle to cover their cost to the cola-bottler. But the cola-drinkers gladly paid the bit extra to be saved that old chore of saving and returning empty bottles.One result was that the profit-motivated cola-bottler made more mon
4、ey. Another result was that the laziness-motivated cola-drinkers was put to less bother. But the third result was that the worlds landscape now glittersand not prettilywith an incredible number of thrown-away bottles. Would you believe trillions? In the United States alone, in a single year, soda an
5、d beer drinkers casually, carelessly toss away twenty-eight billion nonrefundable bottles, and this has been going on for years.（分数：8.00）(1).The word “motivated“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.hungryB.guided by reasonsC.bewildered by detailsD.purposeless(2).The underlined word “cover“ can mean lid. In this cont
6、ext it means _.（分数：2.00）A.to pay forB.to keep warmC.to smotherD.to lower(3).“redeem“ in paragraph l means to buy back. Which form of redeem listed below means not able to be bought back?（分数：2.00）A.Unredeemed.B.Unredeemable.C.Redemption.D.Redeemer.(4).What is the word for the process that makes reuse
7、d bottles germ-free?（分数：2.00）A.Refilling.B.Infecting.C.Redeeming.D.SterilizinI am going to climb my soapbox and talk. I am going to put on my work gloves and work. I am going to put on my walking shoes and walk. I am going to put on my fighting gloves and fight. I am going to kill Charlie Brown.Wait
8、 a minute! Dont think I have flipped! I know that Charlie Brown is a comic strip character, but I am not talking about that Charlie Brown. I am talking the Charlie Brown that is in me and the Charlie Brown that is in you. Everyone has a Charlie Brown in him. That is the Charlie Brown that I am fight
9、ing to kill.All of you are familiar with the comic strip character, Charlie Brown. He presents a negative image. Things are always happening to Charlie Brown because of his negative image. The way to get rid of a negative image is to convert it to a positive image. That is how to kill Charlie Brown.
10、（分数：8.00）(1).Charlie Brown is _.（分数：2.00）A.an unrealistic characterB.a comic strip characterC.an American dreamD.a fighting champion(2).The Charlie Brown the author wants to kill is _.（分数：2.00）A.the comic strip characterB.the Charlie Brown that is in all of usC.the baseball managerD.the Charlie Brow
11、n that everybody loves(3).The author wants to kill Charlie Brown because of his _.（分数：2.00）A.positive imageB.evil characterC.political rivalD.negative image(4).How can a negative image be destroyed?（分数：2.00）A.To covert it to a positive image.B.To talk about it.C.To make it climb on the soapbox.D.To
12、put on my gloves and fight with it.Mrs. Harris, an elderly patient in a nursing home, sat all day in a chair. She did nothing else. She required complete physical care, even feeding. No one seemed to realize that she was partially deaf and blind. One day, a young doctor observed cataracts in both he
13、r eyes. He discovered that if he spoke in her ear, she seemed to respond. One eye was operated on, and when it was first uncovered, the old woman cried with joy. Her recovery was quick, and she soon became quite independent. She started feeding herself and took to smiling and talking with others. Th
14、e change in her attitude was amazing. Not only did she require less nursing care, but she was also able to help other patients. She was again able to see and with this, seemed to experience some hearing recovery.（分数：8.00）(1).The regular attendants of the nursing home were probably _.（分数：2.00）A.overw
15、orked to the point of exhaustionB.indifferent to the needs of the patientsC.unaware of Mrs. Harris real problemD.highly trained medical experts(2).It can be reasonably inferred from this paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.a persons state of health affects his outlook on lifeB.nursing homes are staffed with
16、 unqualified attendantsC.an elderly person should be cared for by his familyD.state governments should supervise nursing homes closely(3).Evidence suggests that the young doctor was _.（分数：2.00）A.unusualB.alertC.independentD.casual(4).Which of the following is true to show that Mrs. Harris was discou
17、raged and depressed?（分数：2.00）A.She was in the nursing home.B.It seems that she was partially deaf and blind.C.She had no interests to participate any activities.D.She was able to help other patients.No single adjective is adequate to describe the size of the blue whale, and few people realize how it
18、 compares with other mammals. By any standard, it is the largest creature known to man. To be specific, one of its fins, called a fluke, would fill the cargo space of the acreage dump truck. Although its skull is the size and weight of a car, its brain is only the size of a carburetor. Its heart is
19、so large that five strong men would be needed to lift it, while its skin could be used as a tarpaulin to cover half a football field. Every person in Boston could be supplied with a whale burger, and a pretty good one, too, from the meat of one blue whale. Combine the weights of 100 horses, 100 dair
20、y cows, and 5 Indian elephants, and you would arrive at the weight of one female blue whale. Fortunately, for the whale, its watery environment has protected it from the extinction suffered by the dinosaur millions of years ago.（分数：6.00）(1).Which sentence best expresses the main idea?（分数：2.00）A.Alth
21、ough the blue whale is enormous, its brain is very small.B.The meat of the blue whale is one of the tastiest meats known to man.C.Female blue whales are larger than males.D.The blue whale is one of natures largest and most fascinating wonders.(2).The author develops his main idea by _.（分数：2.00）A.giv
22、ing the reasons for its enormous growthB.using descriptive adjectivesC.comparing its size to known objectsD.defining its watery environment(3).The paragraph could be entitled _.（分数：2.00）A.A Close Look at the Blue WhaleB.Useful Products from the Blue WhaleC.Mammals of the DeepD.The Survival of the Bl
23、ue Whale专升本英语-阅读(一)答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)Not too long ago, if you bought a bottle of cola you paid a few cents deposit on the bottle, and the only way to redeem that extra cost was to return the empty bottle to the store. Bottles were still expensive enough to make it worth the cola-bottlers trou
24、ble to keep collecting the empties, sterilizing them, and refilling them over and over again.But then the glass makers learned how to mold bottles of cheap glass that cost a cola-bottler less than it cost to pay for collecting and reusing the old-style bottles. So the “one-way, no-deposit, no return
25、“ bottles came into use. They were never free; the price of the cola went up a trifle to cover their cost to the cola-bottler. But the cola-drinkers gladly paid the bit extra to be saved that old chore of saving and returning empty bottles.One result was that the profit-motivated cola-bottler made m
26、ore money. Another result was that the laziness-motivated cola-drinkers was put to less bother. But the third result was that the worlds landscape now glittersand not prettilywith an incredible number of thrown-away bottles. Would you believe trillions? In the United States alone, in a single year,
27、soda and beer drinkers casually, carelessly toss away twenty-eight billion nonrefundable bottles, and this has been going on for years.（分数：8.00）(1).The word “motivated“ means _.（分数：2.00）A.hungryB.guided by reasons C.bewildered by detailsD.purposeless解析：第一段说，空瓶的押金很高，足以使得可乐的装瓶者们承担收集、清洗以及重新灌注空瓶的麻烦。第二段说
28、，后来发明了制造价格低的玻璃，因此出现了一次性使用的瓶子。但并不是说便宜的空瓶是免费的，商家把可乐的价格上涨一些，空瓶也就不用退还了。无论是商家还是消费者都愿意这样做。第三段说明了这样做的结果。商家愿意这样做是因为可以多赚钱；消费者愿意这样做是因为可以免去退空瓶的麻烦。他们接受这种做法是有原因的，因此是受某种利益的驱使。(2).The underlined word “cover“ can mean lid. In this context it means _.（分数：2.00）A.to pay for B.to keep warmC.to smotherD.to lower解析：第二段的后
29、半部分说明，可乐的价格上涨一些，这其中包括了空瓶的价格。实际上是付了钱的。(3).“redeem“ in paragraph l means to buy back. Which form of redeem listed below means not able to be bought back?（分数：2.00）A.Unredeemed.B.Unredeemable. C.Redemption.D.Redeemer.解析：前缀 un-是“不”的意思；后缀-able 是“能够”的意思。因此，整个单词的意思是“不可返还的”。(4).What is the word for the proce
30、ss that makes reused bottles germ-free?（分数：2.00）A.Refilling.B.Infecting.C.Redeeming.D.Sterilizin 解析：题干问：哪个词表示消毒这个程序。从第一段最后可知，商家收集空瓶，然后是 sterilizing，再重新装瓶。可见应是先消毒后装瓶。I am going to climb my soapbox and talk. I am going to put on my work gloves and work. I am going to put on my walking shoes and walk.
31、I am going to put on my fighting gloves and fight. I am going to kill Charlie Brown.Wait a minute! Dont think I have flipped! I know that Charlie Brown is a comic strip character, but I am not talking about that Charlie Brown. I am talking the Charlie Brown that is in me and the Charlie Brown that i
32、s in you. Everyone has a Charlie Brown in him. That is the Charlie Brown that I am fighting to kill.All of you are familiar with the comic strip character, Charlie Brown. He presents a negative image. Things are always happening to Charlie Brown because of his negative image. The way to get rid of a
33、 negative image is to convert it to a positive image. That is how to kill Charlie Brown.（分数：8.00）(1).Charlie Brown is _.（分数：2.00）A.an unrealistic characterB.a comic strip character C.an American dreamD.a fighting champion解析：第二段中的“I know that Charlie Brown is a comic strip character”是这道题的直接答案。查理布朗是漫画
34、中的人物。(2).The Charlie Brown the author wants to kill is _.（分数：2.00）A.the comic strip characterB.the Charlie Brown that is in all of us C.the baseball managerD.the Charlie Brown that everybody loves解析：第二段中的“I am talking about the Charlie Brown that is in me and the Charlie Brown that is in you. Everyo
35、ne has a Charlie Brown in him”证明选项 B是正确的。(3).The author wants to kill Charlie Brown because of his _.（分数：2.00）A.positive imageB.evil characterC.political rivalD.negative image 解析：第三段说，“He presents a negative image.” Charlie Brown 在漫画中是反面人物，要想摧毁他就要把他变成正面人物。这就是如何杀他。(4).How can a negative image be dest
36、royed?（分数：2.00）A.To covert it to a positive image. B.To talk about it.C.To make it climb on the soapbox.D.To put on my gloves and fight with it.解析：从第三段中的“The way to get rid of a negative image is to convert it to a positive image.”可知答案是 A。Mrs. Harris, an elderly patient in a nursing home, sat all da
37、y in a chair. She did nothing else. She required complete physical care, even feeding. No one seemed to realize that she was partially deaf and blind. One day, a young doctor observed cataracts in both her eyes. He discovered that if he spoke in her ear, she seemed to respond. One eye was operated o
38、n, and when it was first uncovered, the old woman cried with joy. Her recovery was quick, and she soon became quite independent. She started feeding herself and took to smiling and talking with others. The change in her attitude was amazing. Not only did she require less nursing care, but she was al
39、so able to help other patients. She was again able to see and with this, seemed to experience some hearing recovery.（分数：8.00）(1).The regular attendants of the nursing home were probably _.（分数：2.00）A.overworked to the point of exhaustionB.indifferent to the needs of the patientsC.unaware of Mrs. Harr
40、is real problem D.highly trained medical experts解析：“No one seemed to realize that she was partially deaf and blind.”似乎没有人意识到她只是半聋半瞎的人。由此推断护理院的护理员很有可能没有意识到这位夫人并不是完全聋了，也并没有完全失明。选项 A是不正确的；因为文中没有提及护理员的工作量，因此也就无法推断他们是否工作过度。选项 B不正确；因为文中提到“She required complete physical care, even feeding，”她得到了全方位的照料，甚至喂饭。
41、所以，不能说护理员对病人“漠不关心”。选项 D也是不正确；如果护理员是受过严格训练的医学专家的话，他们应该能像那位年轻的医生那样发现这位夫人的真正问题，即她还有一定的听觉和视觉。(2).It can be reasonably inferred from this paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.a persons state of health affects his outlook on life B.nursing homes are staffed with unqualified attendantsC.an elderly person should be
42、cared for by his familyD.state governments should supervise nursing homes closely解析：选项 A的大意是：一个人的健康状况会影响他对生活的看法。这个观点可以从文章的内容得到肯定。在文章的开始，这位夫人非常忧郁，对什么都不感兴趣，甚至连生活都不能自理。但是，当她做了白内障摘除手术之后，立刻变得非常独立，脸上露出了笑容，还主动与别人聊天，甚至帮助其他的病人。由此看出，她的身体状况得到了改善，她对生活的态度也发生了变化。选项 B不正确；根据文中所述，护理员对病人的日常起居的照顾是很尽职的。因此，不能说护理院里尽是些不称职
43、的护理员。选项 C和 D不是文中所涉及的内容。(3).Evidence suggests that the young doctor was _.（分数：2.00）A.unusualB.alert C.independentD.casual解析：从文中可知，那位年轻的医生比较警觉。是他发现这位夫人患有白内障，也是他发现这位夫人并没有完全丧失听力。选项 A和 C不正确；文中没有提及那位医生不一般或冷漠。选项 D不正确；如果那位医生很随便又漫不经心的话，他不可能检查出这位夫人的疾病。(4).Which of the following is true to show that Mrs. Harri
44、s was discouraged and depressed?（分数：2.00）A.She was in the nursing home.B.It seems that she was partially deaf and blind.C.She had no interests to participate any activities. D.She was able to help other patients.解析：根据这个夫人手术前后的状况对比，可以推断，她整日什么都不做，什么活动也不参加，甚至生活不能自理，都是由于情绪的低落、沮丧、对生活失去信心所致。选项 A、B 和 C都是不正
45、确的。这些都是事实，但不能说明她情绪低落。No single adjective is adequate to describe the size of the blue whale, and few people realize how it compares with other mammals. By any standard, it is the largest creature known to man. To be specific, one of its fins, called a fluke, would fill the cargo space of the acreage
46、 dump truck. Although its skull is the size and weight of a car, its brain is only the size of a carburetor. Its heart is so large that five strong men would be needed to lift it, while its skin could be used as a tarpaulin to cover half a football field. Every person in Boston could be supplied wit
47、h a whale burger, and a pretty good one, too, from the meat of one blue whale. Combine the weights of 100 horses, 100 dairy cows, and 5 Indian elephants, and you would arrive at the weight of one female blue whale. Fortunately, for the whale, its watery environment has protected it from the extincti
48、on suffered by the dinosaur millions of years ago.（分数：6.00）(1).Which sentence best expresses the main idea?（分数：2.00）A.Although the blue whale is enormous, its brain is very small.B.The meat of the blue whale is one of the tastiest meats known to man.C.Female blue whales are larger than males.D.The b
49、lue whale is one of natures largest and most fascinating wonders. 解析：这篇文章的主题是说蓝鲸之大。作者通过比较的手法让读者很容易地想象出蓝鲸大到什么程度。选项 A只是文中的一个细节，不能代表文章的主要观点。选项 B用一个例子说明蓝鲸之大，也只是用实例说明主题。选项 C不是文中涉及的内容。(2).The author develops his main idea by _.（分数：2.00）A.giving the reasons for its enormous growthB.using descriptive adjectivesC.comparing its size to known objects D.defining its watery environment解析：作者用实物比较的手法让读者想象蓝鲸大到什么程度。如蓝鲸的大小相当于多少马、牛、象的总和。蓝鲸的心脏需要五个身强力壮的人方能抬起，等等。选项 A不正确，文中没有涉及。选项 B不正确，文中第一句就
