1、专升本英语-86 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B Phonetics/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A.nationB.pollutionC.motionD.questionA.longB.sangC.youngD.angryA.woodB.stoodC.bloodD.lookA.limitB.minuteC.willingD.lifeA.nationalB.madeC.capitalD.annual二、B Vocabulary an(总题数：15，分数：15.00)6.My sister has _ friends at school. But she has
2、 _ good friends.（分数：1.00）A.few, a fewB.a few, fewC.little, a littleD.a little, little7.The weather being unfavorable, they had to _ the sports meet.（分数：1.00）A.put outB.put offC.put upD.put on8.There is not much time left for you to cover everything youd better _ unimportant points.（分数：1.00）A.leave o
3、ffB.focus onC.leave outD.concentrate on9.Interestingly enough, it is women _ men who get divorces.（分数：1.00）A.other thanB.rather thanC.exceptD.apart from10._ John Adams who in 1775 recommended George Washington to be commander in chief of the Continental Anny.（分数：1.00）A.It wasB.That wasC.AlthoughD.Wh
4、en11.-Have you seen him recently? -Yes. I met him at _ this morning.（分数：1.00）A.a tailorsB.tailorsC.the tailorD.the tailors12.Many countries still execute people who _ serious crimes, especially murder.（分数：1.00）A.commitB.doC.carryD.violate13.Weather _, we wild go on with our journey through the west.
5、（分数：1.00）A.permitsB.permittingC.permitD.to permit14.You _ our case very convincingly. The jurors were clearly impressed.（分数：1.00）A.representedB.presentedC.promotedD.probed15.If_, he promises that he will spare no effort in promoting public welfare.（分数：1.00）A.electedB.electC.electingD.being elected16
6、.Respect for the law is the foundation of civilized living. _ breaks it will be punished.（分数：1.00）A.WhoB.WhicheverC.WhoeverD.Whomever17.The teacher asked us to write a _ in one hour.（分数：1.00）A.two-hundred-word compositionB.two-hundred words compositionC.two-hundreds-words compositionD.two hundreds o
7、f words composition18.To my great surprise the food was still on the table, _.（分数：1.00）A.not to be touchedB.untouchedC.untouchingD.no touch19.If law and order _ not preserved, people will not he able to live a secure life.（分数：1.00）A.areB.wereC.isD.was20._ the PLA men the villagers would not have sur
8、vived the flood.（分数：1.00）A.It had not been forB.Had it not been forC.Were it not forD.Has it not been for三、B Cloze/B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)B Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackeni
9、ng the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I./BA new kind of machineU (21) /Uto take the place of humans. These machinesU (22) /Udo jobs that are too dangerous for humans.U (23) /U, they are being developed to work in nuclear power centers, deep waters and outer space.This is how the new machines w
10、ork. A machineU (24) /Uplaced in an area far away from the person who controls it. The person wears a special hard bat with tiny television screens. The screensU (25) /Uthe person see and hear exactly what the machine isU (26) /Uand hearing. This gives the person the feeling of being in the same pla
11、ceU (27) /Uthe machine. The person controls the machine. The machineU (28) /Uthe persons movements exactly. If the person raises his right arm, the machine raises the right arm, too. This means anU (29) /Uworker can do a dangerous job whileU (30) /Uin a safe place. For example, a person can direct t
12、he machineU (31) /Ua bombU (32) /Ugoing near the bomb himself.The new machines are not exactlyU (33) /Urobots. Robots are controlled by a computer. The new machines are controlledU (34) /Ua person. The new machines are called teleoperators. The nuclear power industry is especially interested in tele
13、operators. The machines could solve the problem ofU (35) /Uradioactive materials.（分数：30.00）A.is developingB.has developedC.developsD.is being developedA.couldB.canC.wouldD.willA.For exampleB.Such asC.IfD.And so onA.wasB.beingC.isD.areA.letB.enableC.causeD.allowA.seeingB.seenC.sawD.watchingA.ofB.like
14、C.asD.forA.takesB.followsC.learnD.watchA.experiencingB.experiencedC.experiencesD.experienceA.stayB.to stayC.staysD.stayingA.to removeB.removingC.removedD.removeA.byB.withoutC.exceptD.fromA.likeB.resembleC.asD.the sameA.forB.withC.ofD.byA.copyingB.developingC.movingD.charging四、B Reading Compr(总题数：5，分
15、数：60.00)B Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I./BBPassage One/BOne friend once said
16、to me, “Do you know that most college students cant even put semi-colons(分号) in the right place?“ Emphatic voices like his have recently made writing courses popular, strangely popular because of their hard-nosed attitude toward correct writing. Most administrators and teachers extend this medicinal
17、 metaphor (隐喻), they agree that students are suffering from a serious disease. Many tests identify increasing numbers of student writers as Uskills cripples/U(跛子), and they need treatment. Remedial courses are given every- where. More writing labs are appearing and expanding.Many students are wining
18、 to believe that there is really something wrong with them. More students than ever before tell me and my colleagues that they are indeed bad writers and need lots of help with grammar and punctuation. I feel like a doctor, my job is to diagnose (诊断) the disease and prescribe cures whenever I read s
19、tudent writing. It would be easy enough for me to circle spelling errors, cross out unnecessary commas, line out wordy sentences. And knowing that this sort of marking can sting, I would of course write, onto the end of the paper, some- thing about how I know the student really tried hard, something
20、 about his rich imagination or his clear potential for doing well.But I wonder whether all these well-intentioned scrawls (潦草写几句话)would do little more than confirm my students fears about how crippled he is.（分数：12.00）(1).According to the passage, a “skills cripple“ is someone who _.（分数：3.00）A.is ser
21、iously illB.has a rich imaginationC.is a bad writerD.has a serious injury to the leg(2).Which of the following is the purpose of the first paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.To describe some successful doctorsB.To compare poor writers with diseased peopleC.To tell the teachers why some students are poor in health
22、D.To show the importance of a teachers job(3).It can be inferred from the passage that most students _.（分数：3.00）A.admit their incorrect writingB.make use of their dictionaries in writingC.can correct their own papersD.help each other in their writing class(4).Which of the following is TRUE of teache
23、rs correction of his students writing errors?（分数：3.00）A.It is good to correct all the errorsB.A teacher should write something on the papers to encourage his studentsC.A teacher s handwriting must be tidy and clearD.A teacher had better point out the way for each student to improve his writingBPassa
24、ge Two/BAs protector of her familys health, the poineer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were of- ten no more knowledgea
25、ble than their patients. And most patent (专利) medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant (巡游) merchants who sold them.In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home; Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vine
26、gar and salt as were their Eastern Ucousins/U. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own ingenuity in concocting (调制的) tonics (补药), powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at land: salt made a passable toothpaste, gunpowder was applied to wants, and turpentine to open cuts
27、, goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever present lard were basic liniments; medicinal teas and tonics were brewed from sunflower seeds and roots.（分数：12.00）(1).Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Many people who went West were doctors.B.Medicine and
28、 the people who sold it were not reliable.C.Many pioneer women died from bites inflicted by snakes and mosquitoes.D.Pioneer women had to invent their own remedies when they moved West.(2).According to the passage, why were doctors in the West sometimes unable to help their patients?（分数：3.00）A.They d
29、id not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses.B.They were more interested in establishing practices in the cities.C.They were more concerned with doing research than with treating patients.D.They were often overcome by diseases caught from their patients.(3).Which of the following can be inferre
30、d from the passage about patent medicines?（分数：3.00）A.They did not cost much.B.They helped heal snake bites.C.They did not work very well.D.They had a strong taste.(4).It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from where in the United States?（分数：3.00）A.Th
31、e desert.B.The West.C.The State of Mississippi.D.The East.BPassage Three/BThere is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable. At an earlier period, our desire for material wealth may have been justified. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious proble
32、ms. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast.Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of i
33、ndustry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the worlds population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and th9 quality of life will decrease.People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate
34、 there are still many poor people in the world. These Uproponents/U of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect o
35、ur natural surroudings from industrialization.This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the bu
36、siness community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.（分数：12.00）(1).According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the following reasons EXCEPT that _.（分数：3.00）A.our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by ind
37、ustryB.the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannot continueC.the world population is ever increasingD.more efforts should be made to improve the quality of our material life(2).Those who want more economic growth believe that continued economic growth _.（分
38、数：3.00）A.is essential to the well-being of society as a wholeB.can provide the solution to many of our social problems todayC.can protect our environment from being polluted by industryD.can provide us with more natural resources for industrialization(3).We may infer from the context that “proponent
39、s“ (Para. 3) most probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.arguments in support of somethingB.disagreementsC.people who argue for somethingD.people who argue against something(4).The passage is mainly about _.（分数：3.00）A.the contradiction between economists and the business communityB.the present debate on econom
40、ic growthC.the advantages and disadvantages of economic growthD.the importance of the debate on economic growthBPassage Four/BSequoyab was a young Cherokee Indian, son of a white trader and an Indian Squaw (北美印第安女人). At an early age, he became fascinated by “tile talking leaf“, an expression that he
41、 used to describe the white mans written records. Although many believe this “talking leaf“ to be a gift from tile Great Spirit, Sequoyah refused to accept that theory. Like other Indians of tile period, he was illiterate, but his determination to remedy tile situation led to the invention of a uniq
42、ue 86 character alphabet based on the sound patterns that he heard.His family and friends thought him mad, but while recuperating (恢复) from a hunting accident, he diligently and independently set out to create a form of communication for his own people as well as for other Indians. In 1821, after tw
43、elve years of work, he had successfully developed a written language that would enable thousands of Indians to read and write.Sequoyahs desire to preserve words and events for later generation has caused him to be remembered among the important inventors. The giant redwood trees of California, calle
44、d “sequoias (红杉)“ in his honor, will further imprint his name in history.（分数：12.00）(1).What is the most important reason that Sequoyah will be remembered?（分数：3.00）A.California redwoods were named in his honor.B.He was illiterate.C.He created a unique alphabet.D.He recovered from his madness and help
45、ed mankind.(2).How did Sequoyah s family react to his idea of developing his own “talking leaf“ ?（分数：3.00）A.They arranged for his hunting accident.B.They thought he was crazy.C.They decided to help him.D.They asked him to teach them to read and write.(3).What prompted Sequoyah to develop his alphabe
46、t?（分数：3.00）A.People were writing things about him that he couldnt read.B.He wanted to become famous.C.After his hunting accident, he needed something to keep him busy.D.Future generations.(4).How would you describe Sequoyab?（分数：3.00）A.Determined.B.Mad.C.Backward.D.Meek (温顺的).BPassage Five/B“Family“
47、is of course an elastic word. But when British people say that their society is based on family life, they are thinking of “family“ in its narrow, peculiarly European sense of mother, father and children living together alone in their own house as an economic and social unit. Thus, every British mar
48、riage indicates the beginning of a new and independent family-hence the tremendous importance of marriage in British life. For both the man and the woman, marriage means leaving ones parents and starting ones own life. The mans first duty Will then be to his wife, and the wifes to her husband. He will be entirely responsible for her financial support, and she for the running of the new home. Their children will be their common responsibility and theirs alone. Neither the wifes parents nor the husbands, nor their brothers or sisters,
