1、专升本英语-713 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Phonetics(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.touchB.punchC.archD.techniqueA.pensionB.missionC.processionD.occasionA.planeB.standC.landD.canA.fairB.thirdC.birdD.shirtA.oneB.sonC.aloneD.front二、 Vocabulary and Str(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.George entered the box and picked up one of the di
2、rectories inside, _ that someone unknown had torn out the very page he needed（分数：1.00）A.only to discoverB.discoveredC.to discoverD.only discovering2.Hes working hard for fear that he _.（分数：1.00）A.should fall behindB.fell behindC.may fall behindD.would fall behind3.We didnt see him at the lecture yes
3、terday.He _ it.（分数：1.00）A.would have not attendedB.can not have attendedC.neednt have attendedD.mustnt attend4.What did the children do in school?Their teacher _ a short talk about their holiday.（分数：1.00）A.made them all to givenB.is getting them all givingC.made them all givingD.got them all to give
4、5.A friend of mine returned to his house after a holiday only to find it _ broken into.（分数：1.00）A.beB.wasC.hadD.had been6.Human skin is very thin on the eyelid and quite thick on the _ of the foot.（分数：1.00）A.soleB.soulC.baseD.basis7.In the U. S. , the television set has attained the rank of a legal
5、necessity, safe from repossession. _ debt, along with clothes, cooking utensils, and the like.（分数：1.00）A.on accout ofB.at the risk ofC.in case ofD.in spite of8.Hawthorne differed from other writers _ he saw the potential consequences of all decisions resulting in either regeneration or punishment.（分
6、数：1.00）A.in whichB.in thatC.in whatD.in how9.It is a fantastic landscape that we _.（分数：1.00）A.never seeB.did never seeC.had never seenD.shall never see10.I do want to fire him.But you wont do it, _?（分数：1.00）A.are youB.wont youC.do youD.dont you11.In architecture (建筑学), a vault (拱顶) is a proof or cei
7、ling in the _ of an arch.（分数：1.00）A.formB.figureC.shapeD.appearance12.Leaving the market place, the fat man looked pleased _ himself _ having discovered a bargain.（分数：1.00）A.at; forB.at; atC.with; forD.with; at13.Remember _ the letter in the post office, will you?（分数：1.00）A.postB.to postC.postingD.t
8、o have posted14.Since you need to catch an early train tomorrow morning, we _ now.（分数：1.00）A.might as well leaveB.had better to leaveC.ought to have leaveD.should have to leave15.Are the terms “pure“ and “applied“ two totally different activities, having little or no interconnection, as _ often impl
9、ied?（分数：1.00）A.isB.areC.thatD.what三、 Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Most of you graduating today will be employees all your working life, working for somebody else and for a paycheck. And so will most, (21) not all, of the thousands of other young Americans graduating this year in all the other schools and co
10、lleges across the country.(22) has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one (23) every five Americans all work was employed, i.e. , worked for somebody else. Today only 20% of Americans are not employed but working for themselves. And (24) fifty years ago “being employed“ me
11、ant (25) as a factory laborer or as a farm hand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a (26) formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring (27) and technical skills. (28) , two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years
12、: the middle and upper classes have become employees; and middle-class and (29) employees have been the fastest growing groups in our working population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that (30) child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance (31) the expansio
13、n of industrial production.This is one of the most profound social changes any country (32) . It is, however, a perhaps (33) greater change for the individual young man (34) to start. Whatever he does, in all (35) , he will do it as an employee; wherever he aims, he Will have to try to reach it (36)
14、 being an employee.As an employee you work with and through other people. This means that your success as an employee will (37) on your ability to communicate with people and to present your own thoughts and ideas to them (38) they will both understand what you are driving (39) and be persuaded. The
15、 letter, the report or memorandum (记录) the (40) spoken “presentation“ to a committee are basic tools of the employee.（分数：30.00）A.butB.ifC.nearlyD.fortunatelyA.OursB.MineC.OurD.itA.exceptB.ofC.out ofD.amongA.WhenB.whereC.whatD.whereverA.to workB.workingC.to workingD.workA.substantialB.materialC.subst
16、antiveD.importantA.mechanicalB.liberalC.practicalD.intellectualA.ThereforeB.InsteadC.IndeedD.After allA.upper-classB.lower-classC.low-classD.the restA.oldB.olderC.oldestD.smallA.despiteB.spiteC.due toD.in case ofA.has undergoneB.undergoesC.underwentD.had undergoneA.moreB.evenC.littleD.a lotA.ableB.i
17、mmediatelyC.aboutD.offA.likelinessB.likelihoodC.likablenessD.probablenessA.onB.inC.throughD.asA.focusB.spendC.expendD.dependA.in orderB.in caseC.so thatD.thereforeA.toB.atC.inD.fromA.ten-minuteB.ten minutesC.ten minuteD.ten-minutes四、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.00)In a
18、ncient times most cultures and civilizations made some reference to the origin of their languages. However, they did not study language by observation or experimentationat least as far as we can judge from records that have survived to this day. Most comments on the origins of languages come to us i
19、n folk-tales or religious writings. But the Greek historian Herodotus tells us of one experiment.An Egyptian king named Psammmetichos wished to find out which was the worlds oldest language. To gain this information he decided to isolate two new born babies until they began to speak. Because they we
20、re kept from adults, they would have no patterns to imitate. The king made the assumption that the children would speak what was a natural languagewhich would be the oldest. After some months the children were heard to make a Sound which was recorded as “bekos“. This was found to be very similar to
21、the Phrygian word for “bread“. Therefore Phrygianca language once spoken in Asia. Minor was considered to be the flint language of mankind. At least by King Psammetichos, and we may assume by his court.（分数：12.00）(1).The two babies were deliberately kept from adults _.（分数：3.00）A.to whether they could
22、 learn to speak without the help of adultsB.to prove that Phrygian was the first language of mankindC.to see whether they would speak the Egyptian languageD.to discover which language would come most naturally(2).From his experiment the king concluded that _.（分数：3.00）A.the first word children learn
23、in any language is “bread“B.the Phrygian language was the oldest in the world.C.the oldest word in any language is that of “bread“D.the Phrygian language was the easiest in the world to learn.(3).The author thinks that the kings experiment _.（分数：3.00）A.was the first reliable experiment in language s
24、tudy in historyB.proved what it meant to proveC.was not necessarily sound though based on observationD.was utterly ridiculous and not worth mentioning(4).According to the author, the kings conclusion _.（分数：3.00）A.was accepted by everybodyB.caused heated argumentsC.was probably accepted by his courtD
25、.Was not believed by anyone except himself六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：12.00)During the summer session these will be a revised schedule of services for the university community. Specific changes for intercampus bus services, the cafeteria, and summer hours for the infirmary (医务室) and recreational and athl
26、etic facilities will be posted on the bulletin beard outside of the cafeteria. Weekly movie and concert schedules which are in the process of being arranged will be posted each Wednesday outside of the cafeteria.Intercampus buses will leave the main hall every hour on the half hour and make all of t
27、he regular stops on their route around the campus. The cafeteria will serve breakfast, lunch, and early dinner from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. during the week and from noon to 7 p. m. on weekends. The library will maintain regular hours during the week, but shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weeken
28、d hours are from noon to 7 p. mAll students who want to use the library borrowing services and the recreational, athletic, and entertainment facilities must have valid summer identification cards. This announcement will also appear in the next issue of the student newspaper.（分数：12.00）(1).Which of th
29、e following is the main purpose of this announcement?（分数：3.00）A.To tell campus personnel of the new library services.B.To announce the new movies on campus this summer.C.To notify university people of important schedule changes.D.To remind students to validate (使生效) their identification cards.(2).Sp
30、ecific schedule revisions for which of the following facilities are listed in this announcement?（分数：3.00）A.Athletic and recreational.B.Food and transportation.C.Bookstore and post office.D.Medical and audio-visual (视听的).(3).Times for movies and concerts are not listed in this announcement because _.
31、（分数：3.00）A.a film or concert occurs every Wednesday at 7 p. m.B.the full list would be too longC.films and concerts cannot be announced publiclyD.the full list is not ready yet(4).According to the announcement, which of the following is tree of special summer hours for the library?（分数：3.00）A.It has
32、them only on the weekends.B.It has them both weekdays and weekends.C.It has no special summer hours.D.This information is not availabl七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Despite the fact that today viruses (病毒) are known to cause cancer in animals and in certain plants, there exists a great reluctance to
33、 accept viruses as being of importance in human cancer. Basic biological phenomena generally do not differ strikingly as one goes from one species to another. It should be recognized that cancer is a biological problem and not a problem that is unique for man. Cancer originates when a normal cell su
34、ddenly becomes a cancer cell which multiplies widely and without apparent restraint. Cancer may originate in many different kinds of cell, but the cancer cell usually continues to carry certain traits (特性) of the cell of origin. The transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell may have more th
35、an one kind of cause, but them is good reason to consider the relationships that exist between viruses and cancer.Since there is no evidence that human cancer, as generally experienced, is infections, many persons believe that because viruses are infections agents they cannot possibly be of importan
36、ce in human cancer. However, viruses can mutate (突变) and examples are known in which a virus that never kills its host can mutate to form a new strain of virus that always kills its host. It does not seem unreasonable to assume that an innocuous (无害的) latent (潜伏的) virus might mutate to form a strain
37、 that causes cancer. Certainly the experimental evidence now available is consistent with the idea that viruses as we know them today, could be the causative (引起的) agents of most, if not all cancer, including cancer in man.（分数：12.00）(1).Cancer should be considered to be a biological problem rather t
38、han a medical one because _.（分数：3.00）A.viruses are known to cause cancer in animalsB.at present, human cancer is not believed to be contagious (传染的)C.there are many known causes for the transformation of a normal cell to a cancer cellD.results of experiments on plants and animals do not vary greatly
39、 from species tn species(2).The possibility that a virus causes human cancer is indicated by _.（分数：3.00）A.the fact that viruses have been known to mutateB.the fact that a cancer-immune individual may lose his immunityC.the fact that production of human cancer cells might be due to a genetic factorD.
40、the fact that man is host to many viruses(3).Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of importance in human cancer because _.（分数：3.00）A.they are innocuous agenciesB.they are the causative agents of most human cancerC.they seem to be infections to many peopleD.they are generally thought t
41、o be relevant to most cancer in man(4).The best title for this passage is _.（分数：3.00）A.New Light on the Cause of CancerB.The Newest Theory on the Nature of VirusesC.Viruses and CancerD.On the Nature of Life八、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：12.00)There are various in which individual economic units can interac
42、t with one another. Three basic ways may be described as the market system, the administered system and the traditional system.In a market system individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the marketplace. It is possible to buy commodities from other economic units or sell co
43、mmodities to them. In a market, transactions may take place via barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade my old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an eas
44、y task. Hence, the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. In the modem market economy, goods and services are bought or sold for money.An alternative to the .market system is administrative control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue e
45、dicts or commands as to how much of each good and service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by the government, shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various fir
46、ms and allocated to different households for consumption. This is an example of complete planing of production, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy.In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition: every persons place within the economic system is f
47、ixed by parentage, religion and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a sys
48、tem where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve. A stagnant society may result.（分数：12.00）(1).What is main purpose of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.To outline contrasting types of economy.B.To explain the science of economics.C.To argue for the superior
49、ity of one economics.D.To compare barter and money exchange markets.(2).In the second paragraph, the word “real“ in “real goods“ could best be replaced by which of the following?（分数：3.00）A.“high quality“B.“concrete“C.“utter“D.“authentic“(3).According to the passage, a barter economy can lead to _.（分数：3.00）A.rapid speed of transactionB.misunderstandingC.inflationD.difficulties for the traders(4).According to the passage, who has the greates
