1、专升本英语-60 及答案解析(总分：140.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B Phonetics/B(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A.pieceB.citiesC.nieceD.fieldA.fearB.dearC.clearD.bearA.quickB.liquorC.quiteD.questA.swordB.wrongC.answerD.weightA.warB.hardC.farmerD.chart二、B Vocabulary an(总题数：15，分数：15.00)6.I prefer the climate in Kunming to _ in Wuhan.（分数：1.00）A.on
2、eB.thoseC.the oneD.that7.Cars moved very slowly in the 1920s.Yes, but they _ move more quickly than 1910.（分数：1.00）A.were toB.didC.willD.can8.Was the house master strict?Yes, he requested that we _ television on week nights（分数：1.00）A.not watchB.must not to matchC.not be watchingD.have not watched9.Ha
3、rdly _ a good job without putting his best foot forward at his job interview.（分数：1.00）A.ever Jim getsB.ever has Jim getC.ever Jim may getD.ever does Jim gel10.Anyone who wants to can call any timepiece a clock, but technically speaking, only _ one rings out the time actually deserves the name.（分数：1.
4、00）A.whicheverB.whateverC.wheneverD.wherever11.I think your sister is old enough to know _ to spend all her money on fancy goods.（分数：1.00）A.other thanB.rather thanC.better thanD.more than12.As the teacher has announced, _ will be open thmorrow.（分数：1.00）A.schoolB.so schoolC.the schoolD.so the school1
5、3.One thing he felt regret for was that he never had the _ of hearing him play the piano.（分数：1.00）A.occassionB.possibilityC.opportunityD.chance14.If you _ see Mr. Jim, you give him my regards.（分数：1.00）A.wouldB.shallC.shouldD.will15.All students _ a loud laugh when professor Henry Mitchel told them t
6、he joke.（分数：1.00）A.let offB.let downC.let outD.let up16.He _ his speech by calling for a vote of thanks for last years president.（分数：1.00）A.got upB.wound upC.stayed upD.made up17.There is less crime now than there used to be. It seems that there is a _ in the crime rate.（分数：1.00）A.slopeB.inclineC.de
7、scentD.decline18.Hes working hard for fear that he _.（分数：1.00）A.should fall behindB.fell behindC.may fall behindD.would fall behind19.Id just as soon _ those important papers with you.（分数：1.00）A.that you wont takeB.you not takingC.you dont takenD.you didnt take20. Can I help you? Well, Im afraid the
8、 box is _ heavy for me, but thank you all the same.（分数：1.00）A.soB.muchC.veryD.too三、B Cloze/B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Frank Lloyd Wright probably is the greatest architect that the United States has ever produced. He was veryU (21) /Uand had a natural abilityU (22) /U. His buildings were not only beautiful, b
9、ut they wereU (23) /Ufunctional. They fit their purposes very well. Wrights churches, U(24) /Umake people feel likeU (25) /U. His office buildings make peopleU (26) /Uworking, and his houses make peopleU (27) /Ucomfortable, at home. However. Wrights beautiful, U(28) /Ubuildings are not the only reas
10、onU (29) /Uhe is famous. There is another reason.Frank Lloyd Wright is called the greatest American architect because he started an American styleU (30) /U. Most of the architecture in the U. S. before Wright was really European, U(31) /U. Wrights buildings do notU (32) /Uold European buildings. The
11、y have their ownU (33) /U. Wrights ideas about style are still used in the U. S. and in other parts of the world.The most important idea in Frank Lloyd Wrights Style of Architecture is that a building mustU (34) /Uand the land around it . His houses are often called “grassland houses“ because their
12、lines areU (35) /Uto the lines on the grass land. U(36) /Uthe lines of the grassland and the lines of Wrights housesU (37) /Uthe horzon, the placeU (38) /Uearth and sky seem to meet. They are horizontal lines. Most European style houses, U(39) /U, have many vertical lines that form 90 anglesU (40) /
13、Uthe horizon.（分数：20.00）A.consciousB.conceitedC.talentedD.contentA.to design buildingB.designing buildingC.having designed buildingD.to have designed buildingA.stillB.alsoC.yetD.howeverA.neverthelessB.thoughC.howeverD.for exampleA.thinking and prayingB.thought and prayedC.thinking and readingD.to thi
14、nk and prayA.enjoyB.finishC.feelD.assistA.to feelB.feelingC.feelD.feltA.luxuriousB.ampleC.admiringD.functionalA.thatB.whichC.whetherD.ifA.on designB.for peopleC.in architectureD.with buildingsA.especially LatieB.for exampleC.thereforeD.not AmericanA.look likeB.look overC.look throughD.look upA.house
15、B.styleC.modeD.formA.satisfy its needB.have its useC.tit its purposeD.adapt to requestA.similarB.sameC.equalD.superiorA.MostB.BothC.EitherD.NoneA.is key toB.is similar toC.is inferior toD.are parallel toA.whereB.thatC.whichD.howA.on the contraryB.in comparisonC.thoughD.in contrastA.withB.fromC.throu
16、ghD.into四、B Reading Compr(总题数：5，分数：60.00)BDirections: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I./BBPa
17、ssage One/BLooking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and
18、I could not do mental arithmetic.Before the World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a cr
19、ystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects.I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm bas led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oi
20、l while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens that burning these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the fiddle (迷), because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and boo
21、ks, which some might honour with the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only
22、self-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.（分数：12.00）(1).The first paragraph tells us that the author _.（分数：3.00）A.was intersted in flowers and insects in his
23、childhoodB.lost his hearing when he was a childC.didnt like his brothers and sistersD.was born to a naturalists family(2).The author cant remember his relatives clearly because _.（分数：3.00）A.he didnt live very long with themB.the family was extremely largeC.he was too young when he lived with themD.h
24、e was fully occupied with observing nature(3).It can be inferred from the passage that the author was _.（分数：3.00）A.a scientist as well as a naturalistB.a naturalist but not a scientistC.no more than a born naturalistD.first of all a scientist(4).According to the author, a born naturalist should firs
25、t of all be _.（分数：3.00）A.full of ambitionB.knowledgeC.full of enthusiasmD.self-disciplinedBPassage Two/BSporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behaviour. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a
26、harmless football and his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunters triumph of killing his prey.To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative
27、 hunters. Their very survival depended on success in tie hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They cooperated as skillful male-group attackers.Then about ten th
28、ousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new usethat of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunting became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the far
29、ms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunting were no longer essential for survival.The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets. Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity. This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences bu
30、t the aim of the operation was no longer to avoid starvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. To be sure, the kill may have been eaten but there were other much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.（分数：12.00）(1).The au
31、thor believes that sporting activities.（分数：3.00）A.are forms of biological developmentB.have actually developed from huntingC.are essentially forms of taming the preyD.have changed the ways of hunting(2).In a football game what is equal to the prey in hunting is _.（分数：3.00）A.any member of the opposin
32、g teamB.the goal-mouthC.the goal keeperD.the football(3).For over a million years, our forefathers were basically, _.（分数：3.00）A.successful farmersB.co-operating huntersC.runners and jumpersD.skillful sportsmen(4).The word “operation“ (Line 3, Para. 4) refers to _.（分数：3.00）A.sports activitiesB.huntin
33、gC.prey killingD.domesticating animalsBPassage Three/BIf women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they are only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and th
34、e big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe (衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions
35、are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shorten
36、ed; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion desihners are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take
37、advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look fight. There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled sho
38、es.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashion of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be treated by fashion designers. Do their
39、unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualifies of stabililty and feasibility? Thats for you to decide.（分数：12.00）(1).Designers and big stores always make money _.（分数：3.00）A.by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryB.because they are capable of predicting new fashionsC.by co
40、nstantly changing the fashion in women s clothingD.because they attach great importance to quality in womens clothing(2).To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashion dress is seen as _.（分数：3.00）A.a waste of moneyB.a waste of timeC.an expression of tasteD.an expression of creativity(3).
41、The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _ of clothing.（分数：3.00）A.costB.appearanceC.comfortD.suitability(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：3.00）A.New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of w
42、omen.B.The constant changes in womens clothing reflect their strength of character.C.The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.D.Fashion designers should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.BPassage Four/BClimate, more than any other single factor, determine
43、s the distribution of life on earth. Climatic boundaries establish the limits which organisms can survive. Plants, even more than animals, must be well adapted to climate in order to survive. They cannot move about or take shelter but must be equipped to endure whatever weather conditions are likely
44、 to occur. In the harsh conditions of the tundra, for example, low growing mosses, lichens, and a few flowering plants all hug the ground for shelter from icy winds.Animals, despite their ability to move about and find shelter, are just as much influenced by climate as plants are. Creatures such as
45、the camel and the penguin are so highly specialized that they have an extremely limited distribution. Others, such as bears are flexible enough to adapt to a broad range of climates. Oceandwelling organisms are just as sensitive to climatic changesin this case temperature and salinityas land animals
46、. Reef corals can survive only in clear warm seawater. Certain foraminifers are so sensitive to changes in their environment that their presence can be taken as an index of sea temperature. Human beings are among the least specialized of all animals and can live almost anywhere. Their clothes and th
47、eir homes act as a sort of “miniature climate“ that can be taken with them everywhere.（分数：12.00）(1).According to the passage, plants on the tundra grow in the ground _.（分数：3.00）A.to avoid being eaten by arctic animalsB.because fertilizer is not readily availableC.to minimize exposure to the coldD.be
48、cause unfrozen water supplies are very scarce(2).According to the passage, which of the following can be found in areas with quite different climatic conditions on Earth?（分数：3.00）A.Reef corals.B.Penguins.C.Bears.D.Camels.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that foraminifers are a _.（分数：3.00）A.kind of weather patternB.form of sea lifeC.species of tundra plantD.type of miniature penguin(4).According to the passage, human beings can survive almost everywhere on earth because _.（分数：3.00）A.they
