1、专升本英语-508 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Phonetics(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A.examineB.extraC.excuseD.exhibitionA.thankB.languageC.friendD.anxiousA.shutB.cutC.funnyD.useA.dearB.heartC.earD.tearA.electionB.pronunciationC.questionD.operation二、 Vocabulary and Str(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The door was _ and I could not se
2、e who she was talking to.（分数：1.00）A.shutB.shuttedC.shuttingD.being shut2.I like that son of（分数：1.00）A.Johns sisterB.John sistersC.Johns sistersD.sisters Johns3.Youll run _ trouble if you dont take care.（分数：1.00）A.downB.atC.acrossD.into4.The little girl held _ in her hand. J（分数：1.00）A.a box of matchB
3、.a box of matchesC.a boxs matchesD.matches of a box5.This kind of coffee is different（分数：1.00）A.and it is also betterB.from the other, and betterC.and better than the otherD.but also better than others6.If I heard, I _ .（分数：1.00）A.would not be askingB.will not askC.did not askD.wasnt be asking7.She
4、didnt know _ .（分数：1.00）A.where she gets the bookB.where would she get the bookC.where getting the bookD.where to get the book8._ the knowledge, he didnt know how to ask the way.（分数：1.00）A.Knowing notB.Having not knownC.Not knowingD.Not to know9.Im sorry to _ you all that. But youll see that Ive done
5、 that for your good.（分数：1.00）A.have to tellB.must tellC.ought to tellD.shall tell.10._ could solve that problem. Its so easy.（分数：1.00）A.SomeoneB.NoneC.No oneD.Anyone11.They _ us warmly and showed us to our rooms.（分数：1.00）A.welcomeB.welcameC.welcomedD.welcamed12.The monitor _ ill, wed better put the
6、meeting off.（分数：1.00）A.isB.has beenC.beenD.being13.The book _ interesting, but its very instructive.（分数：1.00）A.cant beB.may not beC.should not beD.might be14.Gold has been highly prized throughout the ages due chiefly to（分数：1.00）A.it is scarceB.so scarce is itC.its scarcityD.scarcity of it15.I notic
7、ed his eyes _ , because they were very large（分数：1.00）A.in particularB.with particularC.in specialD.with special三、 Cloze(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Dear Jose,You have asked me for suggestions on how to get along in the United States. It is difficult to give advice, but I have found the following “dos“ and “donts
8、“ helpful.As a rule, it isnt easy to find anyone to (21) in a big city. However, here are some suggestions. (22) , get or borrow (23) ! Walk him several times a day! Americans love dogs and usually stop (24) to anyone with a dog. (25) , try to eat in a cafeteria. People generally (26) the same table
9、s and will sometimes talk to you (27) they see that you are a (28) . Next, take your dirty clothes to a laundry! It takes about an hour to wash and dry, and many people become kind there. They often pass the time talking to the other customers. (29) ask for information from a woman, if you are a man
10、, and from a man, if you are a woman! It seems to get (30) results for a reason I cant understand. Learn the (31) , “Please,“ “Thank you, “and “Youre welcome“ before you come and use them all the time! They usually work like magic.There are some things you (32) . Dont tell the truth when people ask
11、“How are you?“ They only (33) the answer to be “Fine.“ Never ask people their (34) especially woman! Everyone wants to be young. Dont tell heavy people they are (35) . Tell them they are losing weight. Everyone here wants to be thin. Dont be late for appointment! When someone says six oclock, be sur
12、e to be there by six. Americans respect time and expect everyone to be “on time“.Above all, dont worry! Just follow my advice and bring a lot of money and you will get along. I hope I have been of some help to you.Cordially yours,John（分数：30.00）A.smileB.shoutC.talk toD.runA.At firstB.FirstC.OneD.At t
13、he beginningA.a dogB.much moneyC.a mapD.a bikeA.talkingB.and nodC.to talkD.to waveA.After itB.ThenC.At the same timeD.LaterA.haveB.eatC.buyD.shareA.althoughB.beforeC.sinceD.ifA.AmericanB.strangerC.workerD.studentA.NeverB.SeldomC.AlwaysD.SometimesA.worseB.betterC.fewerD.noA.EnglishB.pronunciationC.sp
14、ellingD.expressionsA.shouldnt doB.can do sometimesC.should doD.forgetA.expectB.findC.reply toD.wait forA.payB.ageC.familyD.lifeA.strongB.youngC.fatD.slim四、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.00)“Hi there. Hows it going?“Oh, fine. Fine. How about this weather, huh?“Well, I gue
15、ss we can always use the rain.“Whats that? This story? Oh, just a little look at small talk. You know, those seemingly meaningless conversations you have dozens of times a day. Maybe youre waiting for the elevator.Or in a line at the bank. It all seems pretty trivial. Idle chatter about traffic does
16、nt do much more than fill the air with empty words that are quickly forgotten. But you should know that small talk actually has a big place in our lives.Pat Oliver, assistant professor on arts, says that, “Left unchecked, small talk can be an invasion. Its so powerful. It does something to you.“ “Ev
17、ery morning after spending an hour and a half on the freeway I start the day with small talk with my secretary,“ Oliver says, “If I dont make small connection with another person, I can t work.“What causes it? As a rule, youre either trying to force something into your life, or youre using conversat
18、ion as an invisible force field to keep them out. You can be wanting to connect with another person, and small talk is your introduction to more meaningful conversation.The way people use small talk is usually determined by where they happen to be at the time.Take the elevator, for instance. Now the
19、res prime territory. Nobody knows anyone and theres no reason to start a conversation, but invariably, someone does. Making conversation in such peaceful social settings, according to Oliver, “can confirm your territory. Its a way of feeling liked and accepted.“The topics of small talk dont matter.
20、In fact, you dont want anything more taxing than the weather or the traffic. Its non-threatening talk in a threatening situation. However, the rules change quickly when youre with lots of people doing lots of talking.Lets say youre at a party. Now it s time to use small talk as a way of making other
21、s feel more comfortable around you, so you don t look silly standing by the food table alone all night.（分数：12.00）(1).According to the author, small talk is often used_（分数：3.00）A.to invade others private affairsB.to share a secret between intimate friendsC.to open and maintain channels of communicati
22、onD.to protect ones own privacy(2).According to the author, topics of small talk may include comments on_（分数：3.00）A.some political issuesB.ones physical conditionC.others ways of dressD.the traffic jam(3).Why is small talk described as “non-threatening talk in a threatening situation“_.（分数：3.00）A.It
23、 is used by people to encourage those who are confronted with danger.B.It is used to show that one is enthusiastic and hospitable.C.It is used to create a more friendly atmosphere and to avoid embarrassment.D.It is used by people to protect others in the threatening situation.(4).According to the au
24、thor, at a big party, small talk is used with the purpose of_（分数：3.00）A.making both others and yourself feel at easeB.excluding those you dont like from joining youC.keeping your voice low so only your friends can hear youD.comforting those who feel lonely六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：15.00)No one knows ex
25、actly how many disabled people there are in the world, but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not
26、 just something that happens to other people. As we get older, many of us will become less mobile, hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are
27、many progressive disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by peoples attitude towards them.Disabled people face many physical barriers. Next
28、 time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break do
29、wn and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not th
30、eir disability, which counts.（分数：15.00）(1).The first paragraph points out that _ .（分数：3.00）A.it is possible to get an exact figure of the worlds disabled peopleB.there are many disabled people in the worldC.the number of disabled people in India is the greatestD.India has not much more disabled peop
31、le than Canada(2).The key word in Paragraph 4 is _ .（分数：3.00）A.barriersB.ignoranceC.disabilityD.prejudice(3).The last word of the passage “counts“ most probably means _ .（分数：3.00）A.“is most important“B.“is included“C.“is considered“D.“is numbered“(4).Which of the following statements is NOT true acc
32、ording to the passage? _ .（分数：3.00）A.There are about 10 percent disabled persons in the UK.B.The whole society should pay due attention to the barriers faced by the disabled people.C.Even the able-bodied may lose some of their body functions when they get older.D.There still exists prejudice against
33、 the disabled which results mainly from ignoranc(5).It can be concluded from the passage that _ .（分数：3.00）A.we should try our best to prevent disablementB.we must take a proper attitude towards the disabledC.the able-bodied people will never fully understand the disabledD.both physical and mental ba
34、rriers are hard to break down七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have
35、 been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say“ or “whole-word“ method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over
36、decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the serf-directed, “learning how to learn“ activities recommended by advocates of “open“ classrooms and with the concept that children have to be dev
37、elopmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run- Spot-Run“ readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate“ in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Cant Read, Flesch indicted(控诉)the nations pu
38、blic schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said-and mere scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed-that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(声学), is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters
39、 and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language
40、 can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.（分数：12.00）(1).The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is _ .（分数：3.00）A.only logical
41、 and naturalB.the expected positionC.probably a mistakeD.merely effective instruction(2).The author indicts the look-say reading approach because _ .（分数：3.00）A.it overlooks decodingB.Rudolf Flesch agrees with himC.he says it is boringD.many schools continue to use this method(3).One major difference
42、 between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonies method is _ .（分数：3.00）A.look-say is simplerB.Phonics takes longer to learnC.look-say is easier to teachD.phonics gives readers access to far more words(4).The phrase “touch-off“ (Para 3, Line 1) most probably means _ .（分数：3.00）A.talk a
43、bout shortlyB.start or causeC.compare withD.oppose八、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：12.00)English is a mixture of many different languages. Because of this, the vocabulary of the English language is very large. It is much larger than almost any other language in the world.Many English words came from Latin, t
44、he old language of Rome, and Greek. From Latin we get words like “wine“, “us“ and “day“. From Greek we have words such as “photograph“,“ Bible“ and “ink“. Because these two languages are extinct, the words have more often come through other languages such as French, or the German language. There are
45、 also words from both Greek and Latin combined “television“, for example, “tele“ is Greek for “far“ and “vision“ comes from Lation meaning “seeing“.Many common English words came from other different places. “tea“ is from China, “banana“ from West Africa, “potato“ from the island of Hati(海地), in the
46、 West Indies, and “tomato“ from Mexico. One reason why the English language has so many words from other languages is that many nations have invaded Britain before. Two thousand years ago Romans came from Italy, and stayed for over four hundred years. After they left, came the Anglos (盎格鲁人), Saxons
47、(撒克逊人) and Jutes (朱特人) from the northern part of Germany. In the ninth and tenth century Scandinavians invaded the northern and eastern parts of the country. Finally, in the eleventh century William Normandy(诺曼底) came from France, and became the King of England. Thus the French civilization and the
48、French language were introduced into Britain.（分数：12.00）(1).Which two language6 are extinct? _（分数：3.00）A.English and FrenchB.Roman and GreekC.Latin and GreekD.French and German(2).The vocabulary of the English is large because _ .（分数：3.00）A.the English do not like to speak other languagesB.it came fr
49、om different other languagesC.many English words come from LatinD.Britain has a long history(3).How did French civilization come to Britain? _（分数：3.00）A.William Normandy conquered EnglandB.Anglos, Saxons and Jutes came to BritainC.Scandinavians lived in the northern and eastern parts of the countryD.The Romans stayed in Britain(4).“Extinct Language“ is a language that _ .（分数：3.00）A.is
