1、 IEC 61577-4 Edition 1.0 2009-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Radiation protection instrumentation Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments Part 4: Equipment for the production of reference atmospheres containing radon isotopes and their decay products (STAR) Instrumentatio
2、n pour la radioprotection Instruments de mesure du radon et des descendants du radon Partie 4: Dispositif pour la ralisation datmosphres de rfrence contenant des isotopes du radon et leurs descendants (STAR) IEC 61577-4:2009 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2009 IEC, Geneva, Switzer
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17、19 03 00 IEC 61577-4 Edition 1.0 2009-02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Radiation protection instrumentation Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments Part 4: Equipment for the production of reference atmospheres containing radon isotopes and their decay products (STAR) Instru
18、mentation pour la radioprotection Instruments de mesure du radon et des descendants du radon Partie 4: Dispositif pour la ralisation datmosphres de rfrence contenant des isotopes du radon et leurs descendants (STAR) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
19、 U ICS 13.280 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 2-8318-1031-3 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 2 61577-4 IEC:2009 CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope and object7 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms, defin
20、itions and units8 3.1 General terms and definitions8 3.2 Specific terms and definitions9 3.3 Units and conversion factors .12 4 General description of a System for Test Atmospheres with Radon (STAR)13 4.1 General .13 4.2 Mode of operation of a STAR 14 4.2.1 Static mode of operation14 4.2.2 Dynamic m
21、ode of operation .14 5 Characteristics of a STAR 15 5.1 General .15 5.2 STAR for radon .16 5.2.1 General .16 5.2.2 Technical characteristics of STAR containers 16 5.2.3 Radon sources 16 5.2.4 222 Rn and 220 Rn analysis and control.17 5.2.5 Analysis and control of climatic parameters .18 5.3 STAR for
22、 radon and RnDP 18 5.3.1 General .18 5.3.2 Technical characteristics of STAR containers 18 5.3.3 RnDP sources .18 5.3.4 RnDP analysis and control.19 5.3.5 Sampling flow rate of equipment under test .19 5.3.6 Analysis and control of climatic parameters .20 6 Requirements for the reference atmosphere
23、provided by STAR20 6.1 General .20 6.2 Reference conditions.20 6.3 Influence quantities .21 6.3.1 General .21 6.3.2 Temperature22 6.3.3 Relative humidity.22 6.3.4 Atmospheric pressure22 6.3.5 Ambient gamma field.23 6.3.6 Working range for exposure to RnDP.23 6.3.7 Working range for aerosols23 6.3.8
24、Exposure time for the instrument under test.23 7 Calibration and traceability of measurement methods and instruments used in a STAR .23 7.1 Traceability chains 23 7.2 Quality assurance .24 Annex A (informative) Characteristics of atmospheres that can be simulated in a STAR25 61577-4 IEC:2009 3 Bibli
25、ography27 Figure 1 Components of a STAR: general case13 Figure 2 Minimum requirements for a STAR.14 Figure 3 Dynamic mode of operation of a STAR.15 Table 1 Reference and standard test conditions.21 Table 2 Tests with variation of the influence quantities 21 Table A.1 Atmosphere characteristic ranges
26、 (typical values)26 4 61577-4 IEC:2009 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION RADON AND RADON DECAY PRODUCT MEASURING INSTRUMENTS Part 4: Equipment for the production of reference atmospheres containing radon isotopes and their decay products (STAR) FOREWORD
27、 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electri
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36、rmative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held res
37、ponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61577-4 has been prepared by subcommittee 45B: Radiation protection instrumentation, of IEC technical committee 45: Nuclear instrumentation. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report o
38、n voting 45B/598/FDIS 45B/606/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. 61577-4 IEC:2009 5 A list of all parts of the IEC
39、 61577 series, under the general title Radiation protection instrumentation Radon and radon decay product measuring instruments, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the I
40、EC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 6 61577-4 IEC:2009 INTRODUCTION Radon is a radioactive gas produced by the decay of 226 Ra, 223 Ra and 2
41、24 Ra, respectively decay products of 238 U, 235 U and 232 Th which are present in the earths crust. By decay, radon isotopes (i.e. 222 Rn, 219 Rn, 220 Rn) produce three decay chains, each ending in a stable lead isotope. NOTE In normal conditions, due to the very short half-life of 219 Rn, its acti
42、vity and the activity of its RnDP 1are considered negligible compared to the activity of the two other series. Its health effects are therefore not important. Thus in this standard 219 Rn and its decay products are not considered. Radon isotopes and their corresponding short-lived Radon Decay Produc
43、ts (RnDP) (i.e. 218 Po, 214 Pb, 214 Bi, 214 Po for 222 Rn, and 216 Po, 212 Pb, 212 Bi, 212 Po, 208 Tl for 220 Rn) are of considerable importance, as they constitute the major part of the radiological exposure to natural radioactivity for the general public and workers. In some workplaces, for instan
44、ce in underground mines, spas and waterworks, the workers are exposed to very significant levels of RnDP. These radionuclides are present in variable quantities in the air, in a gaseous form for the radon isotopes, and as very fine particles for the decay products. It is worthwhile for health physic
45、ists to be able to measure with a great accuracy the level of this kind of natural radioactivity in the atmosphere. Because the very particular behaviour of these radioactive elements in the atmosphere and in the corresponding measuring instruments, it is necessary to formalize the way such instrume
46、nts could be tested. Remark: In order to facilitate its use, the IEC 61577 series is divided into the following different parts: IEC 61577-1: This emphasizes the terminology and units of the specific field of radon and radon decay products (RnDP) measurement techniques and presents briefly the conce
47、pt of System for Test Atmospheres with Radon (STAR) used for test and calibration of radon and RnDP measuring devices. IEC 61577-2: This part is dedicated to the tests of 222 Rn and 220 Rn measuring instruments. IEC 61577-3: This part is dedicated to the tests of RnDP 222and RnDP 220measuring instru
48、ments. IEC 61577-4: Details how a STAR is constructed and how it can be used for testing. 1RnDP is the acronym of Radon Decay Products and it is equivalent to Radon Progeny (see 1 in the Bibliography). 61577-4 IEC:2009 7 RADIATION PROTECTION INSTRUMENTATION RADON AND RADON DECAY PRODUCT MEASURING IN
49、STRUMENTS Part 4: Equipment for the production of reference atmospheres containing radon isotopes and their decay products (STAR) 1 Scope and object The IEC 61577 series covers the general features concerning test and calibration of radon and radon decay products measuring instruments. It is also intended to help define type tests, which have to be conducted in order to qualify these
