1、银行系统招聘考试（英语）历年真题试卷汇编 1及答案解析(总分：82.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读理解(总题数：8，分数：82.00)Its hard to say for sure what the next big thing will be，but these items made the list of 10emerging technology trends that will change the world，according to the January issue of theMassachusetts Institute of Technology Magazine
2、Technology Review“We were looking for things that were just emerging now and over the next five years wouldbegin to have a major impact”，David Rotman，the magazines deputy editor，said ThursdaySome of the items have been on the verge of widespread use for quite some time，such asbiometrics and speech r
3、ecognitionOthers chosen by the MIT magazine editors are topics that mostpeople have never heard of,such as microphotonics and microfluidicsThe magazine focused on developments in three areas：information technology，nanotechnologyAnd biotechnologyOne significant area in biotechnology，the magazine high
4、lights，is work on brain-machineinterfaces that could someday allow people to control artificial devices that replace lost functionsToday，research is more limited，with scientists able to take signals from individual neurons in ananimalS brain and send them to a robot that can turn the signals into mo
5、tionBut the potential israge，according to Duke University neurobiologist Miguel Nicolelis“Imagine if someone could do for the brain what the pacemaker did for the heart”Nicolelistold the MIT journalIn the purely digital realm，the magazine suggests that the field of robotics could be poised tohove be
6、yond the restricted market of Performing simple，highly repetitive tasks“Robot builders make a convincing case that in 2001，robots are where personal computerswere in 1980”，writes Technology Review senior editor David Talbot，“poised to break into themarketplace as common corporate tools and routine c
7、onsumer products performing lifes tediouschores”Until now the problem has been that robots have been costly and difficult to designOneapproach that the magazine highlights is the work of Brandeis University researcher Jordan Pollack，who builds robots that can build other robots（分数：10.00）(1).The prop
8、er title of this passage can be_（分数：2.00）A.Things that May Change the WorldB.The Ten Emerging Technological Trends that May Change the Future WorldC.What Great Changes Will Happen in the Near Future WorldD.A Brief Prediction for the Technological Research Trends(2).Which of the following changes wil
9、l brainmachine interfaces bring about according to thepassage?_（分数：2.00）A.They will be able to make human beings interact with artificial world inherentlyB.They can make human brain work like a robotC.They will make the thinking machine of human beings lose its own identitiesD.They will sooner or la
10、ter get human beings under control of the artificial worl(3).The central topic of this magazine article is_（分数：2.00）A.the potential uses of microfluidics and microphotonicsB.the possible exploration of information technology，nanotechnology and biotechnologyC.the research of some quite promising tech
11、nologies，such as biometrics and speech recognitionD.database-mining technologies(4).Which of the following is to help reduce the cost of designing robots?（分数：2.00）A.Make robots with brain machine interfacesB.Make robots capable of making other robotsC.Make robots working in a 1980s computer caseD.Ma
12、ke robots do only repetitive tedious jobs(5).The verb“highlight”in Line 2，Paragraph 8 is used to mean_（分数：2.00）A.emphasizeB.light upC.pay attention toD.bring light onThe health-care economy is replete with unusual and even unique economic relationshipsOne of the least understood involves the peculia
13、r roles of producer or“provider”and purchaser or“consumer”in the typical doctor-patient relationship，in most sectors of the economy，it is theseller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price，quality，andutility，and it is the buyer who makes the decisionWhere circumsta
14、nces permit the buyer nochoice because there is effectively only one seller and the product is relatively essential，government usually asserts monopoly and places the industry under price and other regulationsNeither of these conditions prevails in most of the health-care industryIn the health-care
15、industry，the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinaryrelationship between producer and consumerOnce an individual has chosen to see a physician andeven then there may be no real choice-it is the physician who usually makes all significantpurchasing decisions：whether the patien
16、t should return“next Wednesday”whether X-rays areneeded，whether drugs should be prescribed，etCIt is a rare and sophisticated patient who willchallenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price，especially when theailment is regarded as seriousThis is particularly significa
17、nt in relation to hospital careThe physician must certify the needfor hospitalization，determine what procedures will be performed，and announce when the patientmay be dischargeDThe patient may be consulted about some of these decisions，but in the main itis the doctorS judgments that are finalLittle w
18、onder then that in the systems of the hospital it isthe physician who is the real“consumer”As a consequence，the medical staff represents the“power center”in hospital policy and decision-making，not the administrationAlthough usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants-the physi
19、cian，thehospital，the patient，and the payer(generally an insurance carrier or government)the physicianmakes the essential decisions for all of themThe hospital becomes an extension of the physician；the payer generally meets most of the real bills generated by the physicianhospital；and for themost par
20、t the patient plays a passive roleIn routine or minor illnesses，or just plain worries，thepatients options are，of course，much greater with respect to use and priceIn illnesses that are ofsome significance，however，such choices tend to evaporate，and it is for these illnesses that thebulk of the health-
21、care dollar is spentWe estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-careexpenditures are determined by physicians，not patientsFor this reason，economy measuresdirected at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospit
22、al policies because_（分数：2.00）A.it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB.most of a patients bills are paid by his health insuranceC.hospital administrators lack the expertise to question medicalD.a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patients health(2).The more serious the illness of a
23、patient，_（分数：2.00）A.the more likely it is that the patient will question the cost of the servicesB.the less likely it is that the insurance carrier will pay the cost of the treatmentC.the less likely it is that the patient will object to the course of treatment prescribedD.the more responsibilities
24、the government will assume through monopoly(3).The doctors stand at the power center in healthcare industry because_（分数：2.00）A.they offer consumers no free choiceB.the patients are never consulted in the treatment prescribedC.they are real consumers of the hospitalD.they formulate the policies for t
25、he hospital(4).The author is most probably leading up to_（分数：2.00）A.a proposal to control medical costsB.a discussion of new medical treatmentC.a study of lawsuits against doctors forD.a comparison of hospitals and factories(5).The author suggests that in the health-eare industry_（分数：2.00）A.patients
26、bill of rights are seriously violatedB.government should assert monopoly over pricesC.doctor-patient relationship has been seriously reversedD.economy measures should be directed at doctorsIn general，our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucraticmanagement in which man b
27、ecomes a small，well-oiled cog in the machineryThe oiling is donewith higher wages，well-ventilated factories and piped music，and by psychologists and“human-relations”experts；yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless。that hedoes not wholeheartedly participate in his wor
28、k and that he is bored with itIn fact，the blue andthe white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automatedmachines and bureaucratic managementThe worker and employee are anxious，not only because they might find themselves out of ajob；they are anxious also because they
29、 are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in lifeThey live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence asemotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beingsThose higher up on the social ladder are no less anxiousTheir lives ar
30、e no less empty thanthose of their subordinatesThey are even more insecure in some respectsThey are in a highlycompetitive raceTo be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matterof self-respectWhen they apply for their first job，they are tested for intelligence as well
31、as for theright mixture of submissiveness and independenceFrom that moment on they are tested again andagain-by the psychologists，for whom testing is a big business，and by their superiors，who judgetheir behavior，sociability，capacity to get along，etCThis constant need to prove that one is as goodas o
32、r better than ones fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress，the very causes ofunhappiness and illnessAm I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenthcentury“free enterprise”capitalism?Certainly notProblems are never solved by returning to as
33、tage which one has already outgrownI suggest transforming our social system for a bureaucraticallymanaged industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into ahumanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities-those of love and ofreason-a
34、re the aims of all social arrangementsProduction and consumption should serve only asmeans to this end，and should be prevented from ruling man（分数：10.00）(1).By“a well-oiled cog in the machinery”the author intends to render the idea that manis_（分数：2.00）A.a necessary part of the society though each ind
35、ividuals function is negligibleB.working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyC.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society，though functioning smoothlyD.a humble component of the society，especially when working smoothly(2).The real cause of the anxiety of the workers an
36、d employees is that_（分数：2.00）A.they are likely to lose their jobsB.they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in lifeC.they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceD.they are deprived of their individuality and independence(3).From the passage we can infer that real happiness o
37、f life belongs to those_（分数：2.00）A.who are at the bottom of the societyB.who are higher up in their social statusC.who prove better than their fellow-competitorsD.who could keep far away from this competitive world(4).To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should_（分数：2.00）A
38、.resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB.offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC.enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD.take the fundamental realities for granted(5).The authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of_（分数：2.00）A.approvalB.dissatisf
39、actionC.suspicionD.toleranceI had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which peoplemake a bad situation worse by blaming themselvesOne January，I had to officiate at two funerals onsuccessive days for two elderly women in my communityBoth had died out“full of years
40、，”as theBible would say；both yielded to the normal wearing out of the body after a long and full lifeTheirhomes happened to be near each other，So I paid condolence calls on the two families on the sameafternoonAt the first home，the son of the deceased woman said to me”If only I had sent my mother to
41、Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow，she would be alive today：Its my fault that shedieD“At the second home，the son of the other deceased woman saiD”If only I hadnt insistedon my motherS going to Florida，she would be alive todayThat long airplane ride，the abruptchange of climate，was more
42、than she could takeIts my fault that shes deaD”When things dont turn out as we would like them to，it is very tempting to assume that hadwe done things differently，the story would have had a happier endingPriests know that any timethere is a death，the survivors will feel guiltyBecause the course of a
43、ction they took turned outbadly，they believe that the opposite course-keeping Mother at home，postponing the operation-would have turned out betterAfter all，how could it have turned out any worse?There seem to be two elements involved in our readiness to feel guiltThe first is our pressingneed to bel
44、ieve that the world makes sensethat there is a cause for every effect and a reason foreverything that happensThat leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really existand where they exist only in our mindsThe second element is the notion that we are the cause of what happens，especia
45、lly the badthings that happenIt seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that everydisaster is our faultThe roots of this feeling may lie in our childhooDPsychologists speak of theinfantile myth of omnipotenceA baby comes to think that the world exists to mee
46、t his needs，andthat he makes everything happen in itHe wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of theworld to its tasksHe cries，and someone comes to attend to himWhen he is hungry，people feedhim，and when he is wet，people change himVery often，we do not completely outgrow thatinfantile notion tha
47、t our wishes cause things to happen（分数：10.00）(1).What is said about the two deceased elderly women？_（分数：2.00）A.They lived out a natural lifeB.They died of exhaustion after the long plane rideC.They werent accustomed to the change in weatherD.They died due to lack of care by family members(2).The aut
48、hor had to conduct the two womens funerals probably because_（分数：2.00）A.he wanted to console the two familiesB.he was an official from the communityC.he had great sympathy for the deceasedD.he was priest of the local church(3).People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because_（分数：2.00）A.t
49、hey couldnt find a better way to express their griefB.they believe that they were responsibleC.they had neglected the natural course of eventsD.they didnt know things often turn out in the opposite direction(4).In the context of the passage，“the world makes sense”(Line 2，Para4)，probably meansthat“_”（分数：2.00）A.Everything in the world is predeterminedB.They world can
