1、多媒体应用设计师-专业英语及答案解析(总分：45.00，做题时间：90 分钟)DOM is a platform- and language- (66) API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents (currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the specification). The document can be
2、further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented (67) . DOM is a (68) -based API to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in (69) while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event-based SAX, which can be used to pr
3、ocess very large (70) documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.（分数：5.00）A.specificB.neutralC.containedD.relatedA.textB.ImageC.PageD.graphicA.tableB.treeC.controlD.eventA.documentB.processorC.discD.memoryA.XMLB.HTMLC.scriptD.WebMelissa and LoveLetter made use of the trust th
4、at exists between friends or colleagues. Imagine receiving an (71) from a friend who asks you to open it. This is what happens with Melissa and several other similar email (72) . Upon running, such worms usually proceed to send themselves out to email addresses from the victims address book, previou
5、s emails, web pages (73) .As administrators seek to block dangerous email attachments through the recognition of well-known (74) , virus writers use other extensions to circumvent such protection. Executable (.exe) files are renamed to .bat and .cmd plus a whole list of other extensions and will sti
6、ll run and successfully infect target users.Frequently, hackers try to penetrate networks by sending an attachment that looks like a flash movie, which, while displaying some cute animation, simultaneously runs commands in the background to steal your passwords and give the (75) access to your netwo
7、rk.（分数：5.00）A.attachmentB.packetC.datagramD.messageA.virtualB.virusC.wormsD.bacteriaA.memoryB.cachesC.portsD.registersA.namesB.cookiesC.softwareD.extensionsA.crackerB.userC.customerD.clientOriginally introduced by Netscape Communications, (66) are a general mechanism which HTTP Server side applicati
8、ons, such as CGI (67) , can use to both store and retrieve information on the HTTP (68) side of the connection. Basically, Cookies can be used to compensate for the (69) nature of HTTE The addition of a simple, persistent, client-side state significantly extends the capabilities of WWW-based (70) .（
9、分数：5.00）A.BrowsersB.CookiesC.ConnectionsD.ScriptsA.graphicsB.processesC.scriptsD.textsA.ClientB.EditorC.CreatorD.ServerA.fixedB.flexibleC.stableD.statelessA.programsB.applicationsC.frameworksD.constrainsWebSQL is a SQL-like (71) language for extracting information from the web. Its capabilities for
10、performing navigation of web (72) make it a useful tool for automating several web-related tasks that require the systematic processing of either all the links in a (73) , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL through (74) that match a pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also prov
11、ides transparent access to index servers that can be queried via the Common (75) Interface.（分数：5.00）A.queryB.transactionC.communicationD.programmingA.browsersB.serversC.hypertextsD.clientsA.hypertextB.pageC.protocolD.operationA.pathsB.chipsC.toolsD.directoriesA.RouterB.DeviceC.ComputerD.GatewayTCP/I
12、P (71) layer protocols provide services to the application (72) running on a computer. The application layer does not define the application itself, but rather it defines (73) that applications need like the ability to transfer a file in the case of HTTE In short, the application layer provides an (
13、74) between software running on a computer and the network itself. The TCP/IP application layer includes a relatively large number of protocols, with HTTP being only one of those. The TCP/IP (75) layer consists of two main protocol options the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagra
14、m Protocol (UDP).（分数：5.00）A.applicationB.transportC.linkD.networkA.hardwareB.softwareC.packetD.equipmentA.servicesB.processesC.applicationsD.addressA.iterationB.objectC.interfaceD.activityA.applicationB.sessionC.physicalD.transportIt should go without saying that the focus of UML is modeling. Howeve
15、r, what that means, exactly, can be an open-ended question. (71) is a means to capture ideas, relationships, decisions, and requirements in a well-defined notation that can be applied to many different domains. Modeling not only means different things to different people, but also it can use differe
16、nt pieces of UML depending on what you are trying to convey. In general, a UML model is made up of one or more (72) . A diagram graphically represents things, and the relationships between these things. These (73) can be representations of real-world objects, pure software constructs, or a descripti
17、on of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an individual thing to show up on multiple diagrams; each diagram represents a particular interest, or view, of the thing being modeled. UML 2.0 divides diagrams into two categories: structural diagrams and behavioral diagrams. (74) are u se
18、d to capture the physical organization of the things in your system, i.e., how one object relates to another. (75) focus on the behavior of elements in a system. For example, you can use behavioral diagrams to capture requirements, operations, and internal state changes for elements.（分数：5.00）A.Progr
19、ammingB.AnalyzingC.DesigningD.ModelingA.viewsB.diagramsC.user viewsD.structure picturesA.thingsB.picturesC.languagesD.diagramsA.Activity diagramsB.Use-case diagramsC.Structural diagramsD.Behavioral diagramsA.Activity diagramsB.Use-case diagramsC.Structural diagramsD.Behavioral diagramsObserve that f
20、or the programmer, as for the chef, the urgency of the patron (顾客) may govern the scheduled completion of the task, but it cannot govern the actual completion. An omelette (煎鸡蛋) , promised in two minutes, may appear to be progressing nicely. But when it has not set in two minutes, the customer has t
21、wo choices-waits or eats it raw. Software customers have had (71) choices.Now I do not think software (72) have less inherent courage and firmness than chefs, nor than other engineering managers. But false (73) to match the patrons desired date is much more common in our discipline than elsewhere in
22、 engineering. It is very (74) to make a vigorous, plausible, and job risking defense of an estimate that is derived by no quantitative method, supported by little data, and certified chiefly by the hunches of the managers.Clearly two solutions are needed. We need to develop and publicize productivit
23、y figures, bug-incidence figures, estimating rules, and so on. The whole profession can only profit from (75) such data. Until estimating is on a sounder basis, individual managers will need to stiffen their backbones and defend their estimates with the assurance that their poor hunches are better t
24、han wish derived estimates.（分数：5.00）A.noB.the sameC.otherD.lots of(2).A.testers B constructors C. managers D. architects（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.A.tasksB.jobsC.worksD.schedulingA.easyB.difficultC.simpleD.painlessA.sharingB.excludingC.omittingD.ignoringVirtual reality (or VR (1) ) is kind of a buzzword these
25、 days in computer graphics.VR is artificial reality created by a computer that is so enveloping that it is perceived by the mind as being truly real.VR exists in many (2) .A traditional view of virtual reality uses headsets and data gloves.The headset serves as the eyes and ears to your virtual worl
26、d,projecting sights and sounds generated by the computer.The data glove becomes your hand,enabling you to interact with this (3) world.As you move your head around,the computer will track your motion and display the right image.VR is the most demanding (4) for computer graphics,requiring hardware an
27、d software capable of supporting realtime 3D (5) .（分数：5.00）A.for certainB.for any sakeC.for allD.for shortA.formB.formsC.formatD.shapeA.dummyB.simulatedC.fictitiousD.inventedA.AppB.applyC.applicationD.applianceA.imageB.FigureC.LogoD.graphicsThe use of computer graphics (1) many diverse fields. Appli
28、cations (2) from the production of charts and graphs, to the generation of realistic images for television and motion pictures to the (3) design of mechanical parts.To encompass all these uses, we can adopt a simple definition:Computer graphics is concerned with all (4) of using a computer to genera
29、te images.We can classify applications of computer graphics into four main areas:Display of information, Design, (5) ,User interfaces.（分数：5.00）A.pervadesB.pervasiveC.perverseD.pervertA.scopeB.boundC.rangeD.areaA.alternantB.interactiveC.alternateD.interactantA.shellB.colourC.outlineD.aspectsA.simulat
30、eB.SimulationC.simulatorD.simulacrum多媒体应用设计师-专业英语答案解析(总分：45.00，做题时间：90 分钟)DOM is a platform- and language- (66) API that allows programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of WWW documents (currently, definitions for HTML and XML documents are part of the s
31、pecification). The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented (67) . DOM is a (68) -based API to documents, which requires the whole document to be represented in (69) while processing it. A simpler alternative to DOM is the event
32、-based SAX, which can be used to process very large (70) documents that do not fit into the memory available for processing.（分数：5.00）A.specificB.neutral C.containedD.related解析：A.textB.ImageC.Page D.graphic解析：A.tableB.tree C.controlD.event解析：A.documentB.processorC.discD.memory 解析：A.XML B.HTMLC.script
33、D.Web解析：分析 DOM 是一个与平台和语言无关的接口，允许程序和脚本访问和更新万维网文档内容、结构和类型(目前，定义 HTML 和 XML 文档作为规范的一部分)。这些文档可以被进一步的处理，处理结果可以组成一个有效的页面。DOM 是一个基于树的接口，当处理时需要读入整个文档到内存中。一种 DOM 的替代技术是基于事件的 SAX，它可以用来处理不适合进入内存处理的非常大的 XML 文档。Melissa and LoveLetter made use of the trust that exists between friends or colleagues. Imagine receiv
34、ing an (71) from a friend who asks you to open it. This is what happens with Melissa and several other similar email (72) . Upon running, such worms usually proceed to send themselves out to email addresses from the victims address book, previous emails, web pages (73) .As administrators seek to blo
35、ck dangerous email attachments through the recognition of well-known (74) , virus writers use other extensions to circumvent such protection. Executable (.exe) files are renamed to .bat and .cmd plus a whole list of other extensions and will still run and successfully infect target users.Frequently,
36、 hackers try to penetrate networks by sending an attachment that looks like a flash movie, which, while displaying some cute animation, simultaneously runs commands in the background to steal your passwords and give the (75) access to your network.（分数：5.00）A.attachment B.packetC.datagramD.message解析：
37、A.virtualB.virusC.worms D.bacteria解析：A.memoryB.caches C.portsD.registers解析：A.namesB.cookiesC.softwareD.extensions 解析：A.cracker B.userC.customerD.client解析：分析 Melissa 和 LoveLetter 两种病毒主要是利用了朋友和同事之间的信任。想象你收到一个朋友寄来的电子邮件附件让你打开的情况。这就是 Melissa 和其他一些计算机网络蠕虫危害的方式。一旦运行，这些蠕虫通常会从受害者地址簿中、以前的邮件中和 Web 页面缓存区等地方发现邮件
38、地址，发送带有病毒的邮件。当网络管理员试图通过识别常见的扩展名的方式阻塞危险信件的附件时，病毒作者使 用其他的扩展名来伪装以不被阻塞。可执行文件被改名为批处理文件或命令文件或加一大串其他的扩展名，并且成功传染给目标用户。通常，黑客试图通过传送一个看起来像 flash 电影的附件穿过网络，在播放一些可爱的小动画的同时在后台运行命令来窃取密码，给解密高手留下通往网络的通路。Originally introduced by Netscape Communications, (66) are a general mechanism which HTTP Server side applications
39、, such as CGI (67) , can use to both store and retrieve information on the HTTP (68) side of the connection. Basically, Cookies can be used to compensate for the (69) nature of HTTE The addition of a simple, persistent, client-side state significantly extends the capabilities of WWW-based (70) .（分数：
40、5.00）A.BrowsersB.Cookies C.ConnectionsD.Scripts解析：A.graphicsB.processesC.scripts D.texts解析：A.Client B.EditorC.CreatorD.Server解析：A.fixedB.flexibleC.stableD.stateless 解析：A.programsB.applications C.frameworksD.constrains解析：分析 Cookies 原来是由 Netscape 通信公司引入的，这是 HTTP 服务器方应用程序的一种通用机制，就像 CGI 脚本一样，它可以由 HTTP 连
41、接的客户方用于存储和检索信息。Cookies 的基本功能是弥补HTTP 无状态的缺陷。它能通过简单而持续地维护客户方的状态来扩展基于 WWW 的应用能力。WebSQL is a SQL-like (71) language for extracting information from the web. Its capabilities for performing navigation of web (72) make it a useful tool for automating several web-related tasks that require the systematic p
42、rocessing of either all the links in a (73) , all the pages that can be reached from a given URL through (74) that match a pattern, or a combination of both. WebSQL also provides transparent access to index servers that can be queried via the Common (75) Interface.（分数：5.00）A.query B.transactionC.com
43、municationD.programming解析：A.browsersB.serversC.hypertexts D.clients解析：A.hypertextB.page C.protocolD.operation解析：A.paths B.chipsC.toolsD.directories解析：A.RouterB.DeviceC.ComputerD.Gateway 解析：分析 WebSQL 是一种类似于 SQI 的查询语言，用于从 Web 中提取信息。它能够在 Web 超文本中巡航，这使得它成为自动操作一个页面中有关链接的有用工具，或是作为搜索从一个给定的 URL 可以到达的、所有匹配某种
44、模式的页面的有用工具。WebSQL 也提供透明地访问索引服务器的手段，这种服务器可以通过公共网关接口进行查询。TCP/IP (71) layer protocols provide services to the application (72) running on a computer. The application layer does not define the application itself, but rather it defines (73) that applications need like the ability to transfer a file in th
45、e case of HTTE In short, the application layer provides an (74) between software running on a computer and the network itself. The TCP/IP application layer includes a relatively large number of protocols, with HTTP being only one of those. The TCP/IP (75) layer consists of two main protocol options
46、the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).（分数：5.00）A.application B.transportC.linkD.network解析：A.hardwareB.software C.packetD.equipment解析：A.services B.processesC.applicationsD.address解析：A.iterationB.objectC.interface D.activity解析：A.applicationB.sessionC.physicalD.tr
47、ansport 解析：分析 TCP/IP 传输层协议为运行在计算机上的应用软件提供服务。应用层没有定义应用本身，而是定义了应用需要的服务，例如采用 HTTP 可以传输文本。简而言之，应用层提供了运行在计算机上的软件与网络之间的接口。TCP/IP 应用层包括了很多的协议，HTTP 仅是其中之一。TCP/IP 传输层主要由两个可选的协议组成传输控制协议(TCP)和用户数据报协议(UDP)。It should go without saying that the focus of UML is modeling. However, what that means, exactly, can be a
48、n open-ended question. (71) is a means to capture ideas, relationships, decisions, and requirements in a well-defined notation that can be applied to many different domains. Modeling not only means different things to different people, but also it can use different pieces of UML depending on what yo
49、u are trying to convey. In general, a UML model is made up of one or more (72) . A diagram graphically represents things, and the relationships between these things. These (73) can be representations of real-world objects, pure software constructs, or a description of the behavior of some other objects. It is common for an individual thing to show up on multiple diagrams; each diagram represents a particular interest, or view, of the thing being modeled. UML 2.0 divides diagrams into two categories: structural diagrams and behavioral diagrams. (7
