1、PMP 项目管理员资格认证考试-1 及答案解析(总分:198.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数:200,分数:198.00)1.你负责管理某新产品开发项目。高级管理层已经签发项目章程,批准项目计划。项目的进度和预算都十分紧张,质量要求也很高。在项目执行阶段,项目干系人一直通过项目沟通计划所规定的方法了解项目进展情况。项目的范围、进度、成本和质量都符合项目计划的要求。突然,你得知整个项目很可能被取消,因为项目产品完全无法接受。导致这种情况的原因是什么?( )A没有识别出某个关键项目干系人 B项目干系人误解了项目执行情况C高级管理层不再支持项目 D项目遇到了技术上的重大难题(分数
2、:1.00)A.B.C.D.2.Scope definition is _ . A) the process of developing a detailed project scope statement as the basis for future project decisions B) determining the responses needed to perform project activities C) analysis of activity sequence, duration, and resource requirements D) a written state
3、ment identifying the quality standards relevant to the project(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.3.As part of monitoring and controlling, project performance must be monitored and measured regularly to identify variances from the plan. All the following are processes involved with controlling EXCEPT_. A) verify scope
4、 B) risk monitoring and control C) performance reporting D) quality assurance(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.4.In schedule development, you create a distribution of probable results for each activity and use it to calculate distribution of probable results for the total project. The technique that you are using is
5、 _ . A) what-if analysis B) mathematical analysis C) Monte carlo analysis D) resource leveling heuristic(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.5.If a CV was positive and the SV was positive, what does this indicate?A) The project is over budget, but on schedules.B) The project is under budget, but behind schedules.C) The
6、 project is under budget, and ahead of schedules.D) The project is on budget and on schedules.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.6.Which type of input is the primary cause of contract changes? A) Independent estimates. B) Organizational policies. C) Statement of work. D) Approved changes requests.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.7.R
7、isk identification outputs include the following except_ A) decision trees B) inputs to other processesC) risk symptoms D) potential risk events(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.8.工作分解结构的第一层通常可以是( )。A项目阶段 B高层次的可交付成果C准备外包出去的子项目 D以上都是(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.9.The tools and techniques of quantitative risk analysis are_ A) con
8、tracting,contingency planning,alternative strategies,and insurance B) interviewing,historical results,workarounds,and additional response development C) checklists,damage control reports,standard allowances, and inspection D) data gathering and representation techniques,and quantitative risk analysi
9、s and modeling techniques(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.10.在控制范围过程中,需要评估实际项目范围偏离范围基准的程度,并确定偏离的原因,决定是否需要采取纠正措施。这可以利用以下哪项来实现?( )A项目绩效测量结果 B根本原因分析C流程图 D检查(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.11.As part of the quality audit, the scope statement is checked against the work results to ensure the conformance to the customer requirements. T
10、he results should be documented and used for _ . A) estimating future projects B) changing the project scope C) defining future project tasks D) validating the quality process(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.12.A control chart has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT: A) It illustrates how a process behaves
11、over time. B) It is used to determine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performance. C) It illustrates how various factors might be linked to potential problems or effects. D) It can be used to monitor any type of output variable.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.13.在你的大型建筑项目实施期间,美国建筑业协会发布了新版本的技术
12、规范。在认真学习了这个新的技术规范之后,你认为它有利于改进建筑项目的质量。你召集团队相关成员,讨论根据新的技术规范来修改项目的质量标准。你们正在做的工作属于( )。A规划质量 B实施质量分析C实施质量保证 D实施质量控制(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.14.变更控制会是以下哪个过程的工具与技术?( )A监控项目工作 B控制范围C实施整体变更控制 D控制进度(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.15.以下关于 指南的描述都是正确的,除了( )。A它提供了一套项目管理的通用术语B人们普遍认为,使用 (分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.16.在合同执行过程中,买方的一名团队成员要求卖方编制并提交了一份合
13、同规定之外的特殊的项目绩效报告。卖方为此向买方提出了额外费用索赔,以弥补它编制报告的支出。针对这种情况,买方的采购管理员应该( )。A拒绝卖方的索赔要求,并调查团队成员为什么索要这份报告B请团队成员提出变更请求,以便把该报告加进合同中C向卖方支付费用补偿,并采取合理措施D防止团队成员以后再索要类似报告(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.17.你是项目管理办公室的经理。你所辖的一个项目的项目经理来寻求你的辅导。他在项目管理方面不太有经验,不知道究竟应该用什么方法来预测 EAC。你应该告诉他( )。A用关键比率来计算 ETC,因为这种方法考虑了进度对成本的影响B用预算单价来计算剩余工作所需的成本,以
14、便忠于项目预算C根据累积 CPI 来计算剩余工作所需的成本,以便预测更好准确D运用多种方法计算基于挣值管理数据的 ETC,并进行交叉比较和验证(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.18.下列哪项不是整体变更控制的内容?( )。A对可能引起变更的因素施加影响B在整个项目期间和整个项目范围内协调各种类型的变更C确保项目的绩效测量基准不发生变化D当变更实际发生时对变更进行管理(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.19.你正在管理一个开发众多小部件的项目。每个部件都很小,只需 1 至 3 天时间完成,成本也只需 100至 500 元。这些部件都有一个共同特点,就是非常脆弱,经不起一种必不可少的检测。你最好(
15、)。A很小心地对所有部件进行检测 B设法降低质量成本C对部件进行抽样检测D把检测工作外包给一家专业的检测机构来做(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.20.All of the following would occur during the closure of the project EXCEPT_. A) creating lessons learned B) formal acceptance C) reducing resource spending D) performing benefit cost analysis(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.21.项目在接受例行审计时,被检查
16、出了一个问题。项目经理为这个问题设计了解决方案并付诸实施。他也把解决方案报告给了审计人员和高级管理层。但是,几个月之后,这个问题再次出现。这很可能是因为缺少( )。A项目经理对解决方案的承诺 B审计人员和管理层对解决方案的审查C资金支持 D与相关职能经理的沟通(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.22.概率和影响评估是哪个过程的工具与技术?( )A规划风险管理 B识别风险C实施定性风险分析 D实施定量风险分析(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.23.制定预算过程的主要输入包括( )。A范围基准、风险登记册、人力资源计划和组织过程资产B活动成本估算、范围基准、项目进度计划和资源日历C活动成本估算、风险
17、登记册、项目进度计划和合同D成本基准、范围基准、项目进度计划和项目经理意见(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.24.质量是指( )。A符合三重制约 B符合要求 C优于同类产品 D产品的功能众多(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.25.以下各项都是成本管理计划的内容,除了( )。A为每个 WBS 要素指定成本管理责任人B把每个控制账户联系到组织的会计系统C规定用于成本绩效监控的控制临界值D规定用于成本绩效监控的挣值管理规则(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.26.Which of the following is not one of the primary needs for good projec
18、t scheduling?A) Cutting costs and reducing time.B) Decreasing the time required for decision making.C) Eliminating idle time.D) Developing better trouble shooting procedures.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.27.The measure used to forecast project cost at completion is _ . A) CPI B) SPI C) BCWP D) ACWP(分数:1.00)A.B.C
19、.D.28.以下哪种预测项目完工情况的方法最为准确?( )A自下而上的 ETC 估算 B按预算单价的 ETC 估算C按累计 CPI 进行的 ETC 估算 D按关键比率的 ETC 估算(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.29.The project manager has the highest level of independence and authority in an organization _ . A) strong matrix B) weak matrix C) projectized D) functional(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.30.In your projec
20、t, you realize the importance of determining the start and finish dates for project activities. If the project start or end dates are not realistic, then the project may not be completed on time. This is done as part of _ . A) activity sequencing B) activity duration estimating C) schedule developme
21、nt D) activity definition(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.31.Inputs to determine budget include all of the following EXCEPT _ . A) cost baseline B) cost estimate C) work breakdown structure D) project schedule(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.32.Almost all projects are planned and implemented in social, economic and environmental c
22、ontext, and have intended and unintended positive and/or negative impacts. In this context, the project team should do all the following EXCEPT: A) Understand how the project affects people and people affect the project. This may require understanding aspects of economic, demographic and educational
23、 characteristics of people whom the project affects or who may have interest in the project.B) Understand the political climate that could affect the project. C) Always be aware of the physical geography and local ecology where the project is being executed. D) If having an international team, inter
24、national factors like time-zone differences, national and regional holidays etc. to be taken into consideration.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.33.A common title for the project managers role in a projectized organization is _ . A) project manager B) project coordinator C) project coach D) project expeditor(分数:1.0
25、0)A.B.C.D.34.你所在的公司正在考虑启动一个新产品研发项目。公司的总工程师要求采用“最先进的设计方法”,公司的营销总监要求未来的新产品要“绝对好卖”,而公司分管生产的副总经理则要求“制造成本低”。公司准备聘请你担任该项目的项目经理。你最应该做下列哪项?( )A优先满足总工程师的要求,因为他是你的顶头上司B优先满足营销总监的要求,以便给公司带来尽可能多的利润C优先满足生产副总经理的要求,以便最大限度地降低生产成本D确保所有要求都是可以测量的(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.35.以下哪个关于项目组合的说法是正确的?( )A各项目因相互之间的直接关联而被放在一个项目组合中B可以从项目组合
26、中剔除现有的项目,也可以向其中增加新项目C同一个项目组合中的项目都能得到一视同仁地对待D一个组织通常只能有一个项目组合(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.36.在你的项目上,运用头脑风暴法完成了风险识别工作。其中有一个风险,大家都认为发生的可能性很小,但万一发生会有很严重的影响。对这个风险,应该采用什么方法加以监控?( )A帕累托图 B控制图 C散点图 D鱼骨图(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.37.项目工作说明书需涉及以下各项,除了( )。A产品范围描述 B项目范围描述 C经营需要 D战略计划(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.38.在编制工作分解结构的过程中,应该使用分解这个工具与技术。在分解
27、时,可把工作分解结构的第一层分解为以下所有,除了( )。A项目生命周期的各阶段 B主要可交付成果C子项目 D项目活动(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.39.在以下哪种情况下,会产生利益冲突?( )A双面效忠 B同时从事两件工作C同时接受两个老板的命令 D同时服务于两个机构(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.40.Identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and determining how to satisfy them should be addressed during _ . A) the concep
28、tual phase B) the planning process C) project implementation D) risk identification(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.41.你们正在编制一份投标文件,想要获得海外一个软件开发项目。买方的招标文件中要求卖方的项目经理必须具备 资质。你知道刘易斯是一个很合适的人选,他已经参加了 的纸笔考试,应该会在投标截止日期之后两周得知考试结果。你和他本人都非常相信他能够通过考试,因为他拥有 15 年的项目管理经验,而且拥有项目管理的硕士学位。在投标文件中,你应该( )。A把刘易斯列为项目经理,并说他具备 资质B把刘易斯列为项目经
29、理,并如实说明他正在等待 考试结果C把另外一个具有 资质者列为项目经理,并打算在中标后再替换为刘易斯D把刘易斯列为项目经理,并建议买方不把拥有 (分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.42.The project is expected to cost $ 20000. It is necessary to borrow all $ 20000 at the beginning of a five-year project at an interest rate of 10% compounded annually. What is the amount of interest that is pa
30、id at the end of the project?A) $12200.B) $32200.C) $10000.D) $2000.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.43.A recommended corrective action is an output of which cost management process area? A) Resource planning. B) Cost estimating. C) Cost budgeting. D) Cost control.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.44.在开始一个项目之前,应该完成下列各项,除了( )。A指定项目经
31、理,并组建项目管理团队 B确定项目的总体需求C进行项目可行性研究,评价备选方案 D确定项目目标,并说明做项目的理由(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.45.Verify scope _ . A) is the process of obtaining the stakeholders formal acceptance of the completed project scope and associated deliverables B) refers to the final project report describing the project at completion C) is
32、not necessary if the project completes on time and on budget D) OCCURS only when revisions of change orders are made to the project(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.46.项目与运营可以在产品生命周期中交叉于以下不同时点,除了( )。A在项目收尾时 B在新产品开发时C在产品生命周期终点时 D在改善运营时(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.47.作为 (分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.48.以下哪个过程组不会提出变更请求?( )A规划过程组 B执行过程组 C监控过程组
33、D收尾过程组(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.49.根据模拟分析得到如下结果:如果把成本目标定在 500 万元,在预算内完工的可能性为 75%;如果把成本目标定在 460 万元,在预算内完工的可能性为 50%;如果把成本目标定在 410 万元,在预算内完工的可能性为 12%。根据这些信息,你应该( )。A把成本目标定在 500 万元 B把成本目标定在 460 万元C把成本目标定在 410 万元 D信息不足,无法确定(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.50.以下哪个是对蒙特卡罗分析的正确描述?( )A它首先确定每个活动的风险大小,然后据此计算出整个项目的可能工期概率分布B它首先确定每个活动所需的资
34、源种类和数量,然后据此计算出整个项目的可能工期概率分布C它首先确定每个活动的可能持续时间概率分布,然后据此计算出整个项目的可能工期概率分布D它首先确定每个活动的最可能、最悲观和最乐观持续时间,然后据此计算出整个项目的可能工期概率分布(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.51.Company ABC adopt year-summary for decritiation of assetThey spent $17000 purchased one computerIt is eatimated that the computer can be sold with $2000 three years
35、 later。Thus,how much will be the asset decritiation of this computer in year three? A) $5000 B) $4500 C) $7500 D) $2500(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.52.以下各项主要用于项目控制,除了( )。A偏差分析 B绩效报告C挣值分析 D成本效益分析(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.53.活动成本估算要考虑下列所有成本,除了( )。A人工成本 B材料成本 C通货膨胀补贴 D机会成本(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.54.下列关于项目阶段的说法,正确的是( )。A项目阶段就是项目管理
36、过程组B一个项目阶段的结束通常包括核准开始下一个阶段C在可交付成果被确认符合技术要求后,就可以结束该项目阶段D项目阶段的结束涉及到可交付成果的交接(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.55.You are trying to determine what cost and schedule trade-off will be most appropriate for your project. You have the option to select either a more experienced person at $120 per hour who can do the task in
37、45 days or a less experienced person at $80 per hour who can do the same task in 65 days. A tool you can use to facilitate making the decision is _ . A) cost of quality B) cause-and-effect diagram C) design of experiments D) network diagrams(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.56.The following information is available
38、about a particular task in your project plan:early start(ES), 25 days;late start(LS), 30 days;early finish(EF), 50 days;late finish(LF), 55 days. Based on this information。you can deduce that_. A) the project float is 5 days B) the project may get delayed C) the task is not on the critical path D) t
39、he task is on the critical path(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.57.Cost of quality is the total cost of all efforts to achieve product/service quality, and includes all work to ensure conformance to requirements. All of the following are costs that are incurred EXCEPT_. A) cost of poor quality B) opportunity cost C
40、) external failure cost D) appraisal cost(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.58.At the end of the closing process group,_ A) it is verified that the defined processes are completed within all the process groups to close the project phase B) it is determined that the product of the project is completed satisfactorily C
41、) project management plan is written off by the project sponsor D) new change requests are initiated as required(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.59.项目经理正在管理一个软件开发项目的执行工作。在执行过程中,发生了一个风险应对计划中没有包括的风险。项目经理应该( )。A使用应急储备来解决风险的后果 B把风险的实际情况报告给管理层C召开团队会议讨论权变措施 D不理会这个风险,既然计划中没有包括(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.60.A project manager is at th
42、e project kick-off meetingHe confidently states the vision and mission for the projectThis PM is exhibiting_leadership style A) hierarchical B) authoritarian C) charismatic D) associative(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.61.As a project manager, you are aware that estimating schedule activity costs involves developi
43、ng an approximation of the costs of the resources needed to complete each schedule activity. In approximating costs, the estimator considers the possible causes of variation of the cost estimates, including risks. Cost estimating includes identifying and considering various costing alternatives. For
44、 example, in most application areas, additional work during a design phase is widely held to have the potential for reducing the cost of the execution and product operations. The cost estimating process considers whether the expected savings can offset the cost of additional design work. Cost estima
45、tes are generally expressed in units of currency to facilitate comparisons both within and across projects. Cost estimates can also benefit from refinement during the course of the project to reflect on the additional detail available. For your project, which is in the initial phases, your team sugg
46、ested a rough order of magnitude estimatethis could be in the range of _ . A) -75% to+125% B) -50% to+100% C) -25% to+50% D) None of the above(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.62.产品核实不同于范围核实,产品核实( )。A核实产品的各种特性 B确认创造了正确的产品C获得客户的签字认可 D确保所有工作都已完成(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.63.以下哪个过程不属于执行过程组?( )A管理采购 B管理项目团队 C管理干系人期望 D实施质量保证(分数:1.
47、00)A.B.C.D.64.你所负责的项目,其总预算为 12000 美元,需要在 6 周内建造 100 个产品。你刚刚开始第 4 周。到目前为止,你花了 4000 美元成功地建造了 50 个产品。在这种情况下,成本偏差说明了什么?( )A项目正在 110%地按照预期进度计划执行B项目低于预算 2000 美元C项目在预算内D项目每花费 1 美元做了 2 美元的工作(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.65.工作分解结构底层的要素是( )。A控制账户 B规划包 C规划要素 D工作包(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.66.Tools and techniques of quality control i
48、nclude all of the following EXCEPT: A) Flowcharting. B) Pareto chart. C) Control charts. D) Estimates of control tendency.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.67.Which of the following is not related to control process groups? A) Team development. B) Quality control. C) Benefit cost analysis. D) Verify scope.(分数:1.00)A
49、.B.C.D.68.以下哪种是最常用的进度网络图绘制方法?( )A节点法 B箭线法 C双代号法 D条件图形法(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.69.In your project,you use the“develop project team”process to improve the competencies and interaction of team members to enhance project performanceThe outputs from this process are_ A) project staff assignments B) team performance assessment C) staffing manag