1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Protective clothing for firefighters Physiological impactPart 1: Measurement of coupled heat and moisture transfer with the sweating torso (ISO 18640-1:2018)BS EN ISO 18640-1:2018National forewordThis British Standard i
2、s the UK implementation of EN ISO 18640-1:2018. It is identical to ISO 18640-1:2018.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/14, Firefighters personal protective equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its s
3、ecretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 89246 2ICS 13.340.10Compliance with a British Standard can
4、not confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 18640-1:2018EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEURO
5、PISCHE NORMEN ISO 186401May 2018ICS 13.340.10EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCENCENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B1000 Brussels 2018 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 18640-1:2018: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any mean
6、s reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersProtective clothing for firefighters - Physiological impact - Part 1: Measurement of coupled heat and moisture transfer with the sweating torso (ISO 18640-1:2018)Vtements de protection pour sapeurs-pompiers - Impact physiologique - Partie 1: Mesurage du t
7、ransfert de masse et de la chaleur coupl de chaleur et dhumidit laide du torse transpirant (ISO 18640-1:2018)Schutzkleidung fr die Feuerwehr - Physiologische Wrmebelastung - Teil 1: Messung von gekoppelter Wrme und Stoffaustausch mit dem schwitzenden Torso (ISO 18640-1:2018)This European Standard wa
8、s approved by CEN on 2 January 2018.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nat
9、ional standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own langu
10、age and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
11、Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 186401:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN ISO 18640-1:2018) has been
12、 prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94 “Personal safety - Personal protective equipment“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 162 “Protective clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the
13、status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th
14、e subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cr
15、oatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tu
16、rkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 18640-1:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18640-1:2018 without any modification.iiBS EN ISO 18640-1:2018ISO 186401:2018Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope .12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions .14 Symbols and abbreviations
17、.45 Apparatus .45.1 Sweating torso . 55.1.1 General 55.1.2 Heated cylinder . 65.1.3 Thermal guard sections . 65.1.4 Heating and temperature control 65.1.5 Temperature measurement 65.1.6 Simulation of perspiration 65.1.7 Wicking layer 65.1.8 Balance torso weight 75.2 Computer, control system and data
18、 acquisition . 75.2.1 General 75.2.2 Computer and measurement software . 75.2.3 Control system . 75.2.4 Data acquisition 75.2.5 Measurement control options 75.3 Climatic chamber 85.3.1 General 85.3.2 Climatic chamber sensors 85.4 Fan system 85.5 Sweat water supply . 85.5.1 Gravimetric sweat water co
19、ntrol system 95.6 Simulation of air layers . 106 Sampling and test specimens .116.1 General 116.1.1 Size of samples116.1.2 Type of test specimen .116.1.3 Garment/ensemble specification . 116.2 Number of test specimens 117 Specimen preparation .117.1 Pre-treatment 127.2 Conditioning . 128 Measurement
20、 procedure .128.1 Test preparation 128.1.1 Preparation of climatic chamber 128.1.2 Wind speed 128.2 Specimen testing 138.2.1 General. 138.2.2 Dressing the torso 148.2.3 Recording specimen identification and test observations 148.2.4 Starting the test 148.2.5 Calculated values 159 Test report 189.1 G
21、eneral 189.2 Specimen identification 18 ISO 2018 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 18640-1:2018ISO 186401:20189.3 Experiment conditions 189.4 Calculated results. 1810 Maintenance and calibration 1910.1 Maintenance . 1910.1.1 Sweat water tank 1910.1.2 Valve checks 1910.2 Calibration . 191
22、0.2.1 General. 1910.2.2 Correction value for thermal resistance, Rct0 (torso).1910.2.3 Wicking layer .1910.2.4 torso temperature sensors . 2010.2.5 torso heating power .2010.2.6 torso sweat rate .2010.2.7 Environmental conditions 2010.3 Experiments with a standard fabric (optional) .20Annex A (infor
23、mative) torso size and materials definition 21Annex B (informative) Calibration .25Annex C (informative) Example of data evaluation 27Annex D (informative) Sample check list 31Annex E (informative) Validation of the measurement device .32Annex F (informative) Example Matlab code 33Bibliography .37iv
24、 ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 18640-1:2018ISO 186401:2018ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical c
25、ommittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with t
26、he International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for
27、the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.
28、ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this doc
29、ument is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade O
30、rganization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 94, Personal safety, Subcommittee SC 14, Firefighters PPE.A list of all parts in the ISO 18640 series can be found on th
31、e ISO website. ISO 2018 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 18640-1:2018ISO 186401:2018IntroductionThe main functions of protective clothing are protection against hazards and maintenance of health and comfort for the wearer. Furthermore, protective clothing against heat and flame prevents the wearer fro
32、m health risks or even life threatening heat stress in extreme environmental conditions. Todays standards provide requirements for the protective properties of protective clothing against heat and flame. However, the higher the protective properties of such clothing, the less the heat originating fr
33、om the human body is dissipated. Firefighters reach metabolic rates above 500 W/m2during their work56. Thereof 75-85 % is released as heat7, which has to be dissipated from the human body by thermo-regulative processes to avoid an increase in body core temperature. If heat dissipation is not restric
34、ted, the human body is able to maintain its temperature in the range of 36,5 C to 37,5 C (normothermia)8. However, in harsh environmental conditions and/or in situations of restricted heat dissipation due to protective clothing the human body is not able to maintain body core temperature within norm
35、othermia and suffers from heat stress. The working performance is gradually reduced and any further increases in body core temperature can become life threatening16. To reduce the risk of heat stress during high intensity physical activities, protective clothing should additionally be assessed with
36、regard to its impact on human thermoregulation and heat stress.Different approaches exist for the assessment of thermo-physiological impact. On the one hand, established standard parameters such as water vapour resistance, Ret, and thermal insulation, Rct, of fabric samples are considered with regar
37、d to thermo-regulative impact. However, these parameters do not fully reflect the real impact of protective clothing; for example, moisture management properties and the combined effect of heat and moisture transfer are not considered. On the other hand, human subject trials reveal real thermo-physi
38、ological responses for a specific environmental condition and protective clothing ensemble. However, the outcome of this methodology does not only refer to the intrinsic properties of material samples but are influenced also by the design of the clothing and trapped air layers within the clothing. F
39、urthermore, human subject trials are very time consuming and expensive, constricted by ethical guidelines and provide findings related to the collective of participants included. Thus, reproducibility between laboratories might be limited. The use of thermal manikins overcomes the limitations for hu
40、man subject trials. As for human subject trials, full body manikins provide findings on ready-made protective garments including design and fit. Hence, the attribution to intrinsic material properties remains difficult.A methodology referring to intrinsic clothing properties and taking into account
41、combined heat and moisture transfer is the Sweating torso910. Sweating torso device is an upright standing heated cylinder, representing the surface of a human trunk, with the ability for perspiration11. The clothing sample is investigated by wrapping specimens around the sweating torso. Three phase
42、s are run to measure dry thermal insulation, dry and wet heat transfer and drying properties. Findings from the Sweating torso have been validated with standard methodologies, such as sweating guarded hotplate, and were shown to be highly reproducible11. Furthermore, validation studies have been con
43、ducted to relate human thermos-physiological measurements to Sweating torso findings under realistic environmental conditions and activities for firefighters. Based on this knowledge, guidelines are provided for intrinsic textile properties based on thermo-physiological responses. In addition to the
44、 standard procedure described above, the impact of more complex protective clothing systems including underwear, air gaps and/or design features is investigated optionally applying the same experimental protocol described in this document.vi ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 18640-1:2018Protecti
45、ve clothing for firefighters Physiological impact Part 1: Measurement of coupled heat and moisture transfer with the sweating torso1 ScopeThis document provides a test method for evaluating the physiological impact of protective fabric ensembles and potentially protective clothing ensembles in a ser
46、ies of simulated activities (phases) under defined ambient conditions. This standard test method characterizes the essential properties of fabric assemblies of a representative garment or clothing ensemble for thermo-physiological assessment: dry thermal insulation; coolin g properties during averag
47、e metabolic activity and moisture management (dry and wet heat transfer); drying behaviour.Default measurements are done on fabric samples representing the garment or protective clothing combination. Optionally and in addition to the standard test method, the same testing protocol can be applied to
48、characterise more complex protective clothing ensembles including underwear, air layer and certain design features1). In addition, measurements on readymade garments are possible.This test method is intended to be used to measure and describe the behaviour of fabric assemblies of a garment or clothi
49、ng ensemble in response to a simulated series of activities under controlled laboratory conditions, with the results used to optimize garment combinations and material selection. Furthermore, this document together ISO 18640-2, is intended to be used to describe the thermo-physiological impact of protective clothing but not the risk for heat stress under actual fire conditions. The results of this test can be used as elements of a risk assessment with respect to thermo-physiological load.2 Normative referencesThe followin
