1、 ISO 2012 Agricultural machinery Guards for moving parts of power transmission Guard opening with tool Matriel agricole Protecteurs pour lments mobiles de transmission de puissance Protecteur ouverture avec outil TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 28923 Second edition 2012-11-01 Reference number ISO/TS
2、28923:2012(E) ISO/TS 28923:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfi
3、lm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TS 2892
4、3:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 General 1 5 Requirements 2 5.1 General . 2 5.2 Additional requirements for fixed guards . 2 5.3 Additional requirements for interlocking movable gua
5、rds 2 6 V erification of safety r equir ements or pr ot ecti v e measur es 3 7 Information for use 3 7.1 Operators manual 3 7.2 Safety signs . 3 Annex A (informative) List of significant hazar ds. 4 ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
6、 federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that
7、committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in acc
8、ordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requ
9、ires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an
10、 agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is
11、accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed or revised, it i
12、s reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it should preferably either be transformed into an International Standard or withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible
13、for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 28923 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry, Subcommittee SC 3, Safety and comfort. This second edition of ISO/TS 28923 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 28923:2007), which
14、 has been technically revised.iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) Introduction This Technical Specification is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of
15、 this document. When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the req
16、uirements of this type-C standard. ISO 2012 All rights reserved v Agricultural machinery Guards for moving parts of power transmission Guard opening with tool 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of fixed guards
17、 to be opened by the use of a tool and interlocking movable guards for moving parts of the power transmission on self-propelled ride-on machines and mounted, semi- mounted or trailed machines used in agriculture. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including
18、residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. It deals with the significant hazards (as listed in Annex A), hazardous situations and events relevant for fixed guards to be opened by the use of a tool and interlocking movable guards of moving parts of power transmission used as intended and und
19、er the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4 and 5). It is not applicable to guards of moving parts of the power transmission of agricultural and forestry tractors, aircraft and air cushion vehicles used in agriculture, lawn and garden equipment, or guards for PTO drive shafts betwe
20、en agricultural and forestry tractors and mounted or towed implements. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated referen
21、ces, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4254-1: 1) , Agricultural machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery General principles for design Risk assessment and risk reduction ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery
22、Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper and lower limbs 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions specified in ISO 12100:2010 and ISO 4254-1: apply. 4 General The exact choice of a guard for a particular machine shall be made o
23、n the basis of the risk assessment for that machine. Selection of appropriate measures shall take into consideration the strategies for risk reduction specified in ISO 12100:2010, Clause 5, and shall consider both normal operation and service operations as specified in the operators manual. 1) To be
24、 published. (Revision of ISO 4254-1:2008) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) In selecting an appropriate guard for a particular type of machinery or hazard zone, it shall be borne in mind that a fixed guard as specified in 5.2.1 is simple
25、 and shall be used where access of an operator to the hazard zone is not or infrequently required during normal operation (operation without malfunction) of the machinery. In case of frequent access, this inevitably leads to the fixed guard not being replaced. This requires the use of an alternative
26、 protective measure (movable interlocking guard, sensitive protective equipment). When evaluating the frequency of access, it should also be considered that difficult operating conditions could increase the need for access. 5 Requirements 5.1 General The design of guards shall take into consideratio
27、n the risks to the operator and other persons as well as the proper function of the machine and the generation of other hazards such as drainage, debris accumulation, blockages or malfunctions. Guards shall be designed in such a way that normal operation and service of the machine can be readily car
28、ried out. Guards can be formed of a rigid mesh or grille. The size of the opening permitted depends on the distance between the guard and the hazard/hazardous area (see ISO 13857:2008, Table 1, 3, 4 or 6). The strength of the guards shall comply with ISO 4254-1:. 5.2 A dditional r equir ements for f
29、ix ed guar ds 5.2.1 Fixed guards shall be securely held in place: by permanent fasteners (e.g. by welding, riveting, one-way screws); or by means of fasteners such as screws and nuts which require common tools for opening or removal. The fixing system shall remain attached to the guard or to the mac
30、hine when the guards are removed. Where possible, the guards shall be incapable of remaining in place without their fixings; or by means of hinges and a locking system, which can only be opened by using a tool (in order to make opening an intentional action), and which can be automatically closed wi
31、thout the use of a tool. 5.2.2 In the case of fixed guards which can be opened or removed in order to provide access to hazardous power transmission parts which continue to rotate or move after the power supply is disengaged, the following requirements apply: a safety sign in the immediate vicinity
32、of the hazardous parts; and a visible (while in the hazard area) or audible indication, starting from the moment that the power supply is disengaged until the hazardous parts stop rotating or moving. It is not required that the indicator be triggered as long as the machine is in ground motion/travel
33、ling. 5.3 Additional requirements for interlocking movable guards Interlocking movable guards shall as far as possible, remain attached to the machine when open, and be designed and constructed in such a way that they can be adjusted only by means of an intentional action.2 ISO 2012 All rights reser
34、ved ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) Interlocking movable guards shall have an interlocking device which prevents the start of the hazardous transmission parts when the guard is open, and gives a command to disengage the power transmission when the guard is opened. If the run-down time of the power transmission
35、 parts exceeds the time needed for an average operator to reach them, a locking device shall be provided which locks the guard when closed, and keeps the guard locked until the hazardous movement has stopped. 6 V erifica tion of safe ty r equir ements or pr ot ecti v e measur es See Table 1. T a b l
36、 e 1 L i s t o f s a f e t y r e q u i r e m e n t s a n d / o r p r o t e c t i v e m e a s u r e s a n d t h e i r v e r i f i c a t i o n Clause V e r i f ic a t ion Inspection Measurement Test with reference 5 X Shall be verified by carrying out normal opera- tion and service of the machine as s
37、pecified in the operators manual. 7 Information for use 7.1 Operators manual The manual shall include warnings about the significant residual risks and how these are to be controlled, as well as any training requirements (see 5.2). 7.2 Safety signs A safety sign shall be provided on access doors or
38、guards to indicate the rotation of parts, if applicable (see 5.2.2). ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3 ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) Annex A (informative) List of significant hazar ds Table A.1 specifies the significant hazards, significant hazardous situations and significant hazardous events that have been id
39、entified as being significant to the guards for moving parts of power transmission covered by this Technical Specification and which require specific action by the designer or manufacturer to eliminate or to reduce the risk. T a b l e A . 1 L i s t o f s i g n i f i c a n t h a z a r d s Clause / Su
40、bclause of ISO 4254-1: Ha z a r d H a z a r do u s s i t u a t i o n and event Clause of this documentM echani c al hazards A.1.1 Crushing hazard Power transmission 4; 5 A.1.2 Shearing hazard Power transmission 4; 5 A.1.4 Entanglement hazard Power transmission 4; 5 A.1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard Power transmission 4; 5 A.15 Break-up during operation Guards 4; 5 A.20.4 Mechanical hazards at the working position: a) contact with power transmission parts Guards 4; 54 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TS 28923:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved IC S 65.060.01 Price based on 4 pages
