1、 ISO 2014 Quality management systems Particular requirements for the application of ISO 9001:2008 for electoral organizations at all levels of government Systmes de management de la qualit Exigences particulires pour lapplication de lISO 9001:2008 aux organismes lectoraux tous les niveaux du gouvern
2、ement TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 17582 First edition 2014-02-15 Reference number ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) ISO/TS 17582:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utiliz
3、ed otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright
4、 office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 1.1 General . 1 1.2 Application . 2 2 Nor
5、mative references 2 3 T erms and definitions . 3 3.1 Terms related to electoral quality management system . 3 3.2 Terms related to electoral infrastructure and logistics 4 3.3 Terms related to voting 5 4 Quality management system 6 4.1 General requirements . 6 4.2 Documentation requirements 7 5 Mana
6、gement responsibility .14 5.1 Management commitment .14 5.2 Client focus 15 5.3 Quality policy .15 5.4 Planning .15 5.5 Responsibility, authority and communication 16 5.6 Management review 17 6 Resource management 18 6.1 Provision of resources .18 6.2 Human resources .18 6.3 Infrastructure 19 6.4 Wo
7、rk environment 20 7 Product realization .21 7.1 Planning of product realization .21 7.2 Customer-related processes .22 7.3 Design and development .23 7.4 Purchasing .26 7.5 Production and service provision 27 7.6 Control of monitoring and measuring equipment 29 8 Measurement, analysis and improvemen
8、t .30 8.1 General 30 8.2 Monitoring and measurement 30 8.3 Control of nonconforming product 32 8.4 Analysis of data 33 8.5 Improvement .33 Annex A (informative) Concept diagrams 35 Annex B (informative) Electoral processes .39 Bibliography .43 ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Org
9、anization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establi
10、shed has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardizatio
11、n. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with
12、the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any pa
13、tent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. F
14、or an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible fo
15、r this document is Technical Committee ISO/TC 176, Quality management and quality assurance.iv ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) Introduction 0.1 General Conduct of periodic, free and fair elections by secret ballot is the fundamental distinctive characteristic of a democratic politi
16、cal system. As such, the sustainability of the democratic political system is reliant on effectively defined, implemented and controlled electoral services. The ultimate goal is to elect those who will hold public office and to decide ballot proposals that affect the populace. Vote casting is an exp
17、ression of the fundamental political right to participate in public affairs guaranteed by human rights instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This process is based on the principle of one-person one-vote, without restrictions based on race, gender, religion, and social status
18、. The registration and identification of eligible voters and the registration of political organizations and candidates are essential to the electoral process. Every electoral system has its own set of regulations, which vary between countries according to their individual culture and tradition, and
19、 even within states where federal systems exist. The electoral process is composed of a series of interrelated processes, conducted by the electoral bodies, political organizations and the citizenship. These essential elements include determining who is eligible to vote, registration of political or
20、ganizations and candidates, electoral logistics, casting, counting and accurate recording of votes, declaration of results, electoral education, oversight of campaign financing and resolution of electoral disputes. Electoral bodies are institutions that have responsibility for the administration of
21、the electoral process, including the preparation, organization, management, monitoring and promotion of the election, the casting of the votes and counting of the ballots, the resolution of electoral disputes or the official declaration of the election results. The full and transparent implementatio
22、n of each process constitutes the basis for the electoral body to achieve legitimacy. ISO 2014 All rights reserved v ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) In this Technical Specification, the text reproduced from ISO 9001:2008 is placed in boxes, in order to distinguish it from the sector-specific guidance given for
23、 each clause. ISO 9001:2008, Quality management systems Requirements Introduction 0.1 General The adoption of a quality management system should be a strategic decision of an organization. The design and implementation of an organizations quality management system is influenced by a) its organizatio
24、nal environment, changes in that environment, and the risks associated with that environ- ment, b) its varying needs, c) its particular objectives, d) the products it provides, e) the processes it employs, f) its size and organizational structure. It is not the intent of this International Standard
25、to imply uniformity in the structure of quality management systems or uniformity of documentation. The quality management system requirements specified in this International Standard are complementary to requirements for products. Information marked “NOTE” is for guidance in understanding or clarify
26、ing the associated requirement. This International Standard can be used by internal and external parties, including certification bodies, to assess the organizations ability to meet customer, statutory and regulatory requirements applicable to the product, and the organizations own requirements. The
27、 quality management principles stated in ISO 9000 and ISO 9004 have been taken into consideration during the development of this International Standard. The design and implementation of an electoral bodys quality management system is influenced by its obligations under the applicable legal framework
28、 as determined by international law, national constitutions and national law. The electoral quality management system requirements specified in this Technical Specification are complementary to requirements for the electoral service provided by the applicable legal framework and the electoral body.v
29、i ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) 0.2 Process approach ISO 9001:2008, Quality management systems Requirements Introduction 0.2 Process approach This International Standard promotes the adoption of a process approach when developing, implementing and improving the effectiveness of a
30、 quality management system, to enhance customer satisfaction by meeting customer requirements. For an organization to function effectively, it has to determine and manage numerous linked activities. An activity or set of activities using resources, and managed in order to enable the transformation o
31、f inputs into outputs, can be considered as a process. Often the output from one process directly forms the input to the next. The application of a system of processes within an organization, together with the identification and inter- actions of these processes, and their management to produce the
32、desired outcome, can be referred to as the “process approach“. An advantage of the process approach is the ongoing control that it provides over the linkage between the indi- vidual processes within the system of processes, as well as over their combination and interaction. When used within a qualit
33、y management system, such an approach emphasizes the importance of a) understanding and meeting requirements, b) the need to consider processes in terms of added value, c) obtaining results of process performance and effectiveness, and d) continual improvement of processes based on objective measure
34、ment. The model of a process-based quality management system shown in Figure 1 illustrates the process link- ages presented in Clauses 4 to 8. This illustration shows that customers play a significant role in defining requirements as inputs. Monitoring of customer satisfaction requires the evaluatio
35、n of information relating to customer perception as to whether the organization has met the customer requirements. The model shown in Figure 1 covers all the requirements of this International Standard, but does not show processes at a detailed level. NOTE In addition, the methodology known as “Plan
36、-Do-Check-Act” (PDCA) can be applied to all processes. PDCA can be briefly described as follows. Plan: establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with customer requirements and the organizations policies. Do: implement the processes. Check: monitor and measure
37、processes and product against policies, objectives and requirements for the product and report the results. Act: take actions to continually improve process performance. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vii ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) Elections can only occur when citizens exercise their right to vote. Voter r
38、egistration is a condition for the establishment of the electoral process. Identification of eligibility and registration of eligible voters are essential to the electoral process. By registering to contest elections, political organizations and candidates legally formalize their participation in th
39、e electoral process. This may entitle them to receive public funding for their campaign in accordance with the applicable legal framework as well as the establishment of clear and unambiguous criteria to determine who is eligible to vote. The electoral bodies must plan the election day logistics wel
40、l in advance of the electoral event. Key factors in logistics are the efficient distribution of electoral materials, establishment of voting stations and provision of voting equipment. Vote casting and vote counting go hand in hand. Counting votes is a task of paramount importance, since the results
41、 of the process reflect the will of the electorate. When done in a transparent and accurate manner it increases confidence in elections and acceptance of the final results. It is essential that voters are aware of the different stages of the electoral process. Electoral education is a continual proc
42、ess that spans the entire electoral process. Processes are established to ensure that information relating to candidates, ballot proposals and voting locations is available to voters prior to the election.viii ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO/TS 17582:2014(E) The declaration of results is the legall
43、y binding conclusion of the process by which the electoral body proclaims the results of the election. Additionally, there should be fair and timely resolution and communication of electoral complaints and appeals. The full and transparent implementation of each electoral process constitutes the bas
44、is for the electoral body to achieve legitimacy. Collectively, these processes constitute an electoral event and occur in three stages: before, during and after the election. 0.3 Relationship with ISO 9004 ISO 9001:2008, Quality management systems Requirements Introduction 0.3 Relationship with ISO
45、9004 ISO 9001 and ISO 9004 are quality management system standards which have been designed to complement each other, but can also be used independently. ISO 9001 specifies requirements for a quality management system that can be used for internal application by organizations, or for certification,
46、or for contractual purposes. It focuses on the effectiveness of the quality management system in meeting customer requirements. At the time of publication of this International Standard, ISO 9004 is under revision. The revised edition of ISO 9004 will provide guidance to management for achieving sus
47、tained success for any organization in a com- plex, demanding, and ever changing, environment. ISO 9004 provides a wider focus on quality management than ISO 9001; it addresses the needs and expectations of all interested parties and their satisfaction, by the systematic and continual improvement of
48、 the organizations performance. However, it is not intended for certi- fication, regulatory or contractual use. NOTE Since the publication of ISO 9001:2008, and at the time of publication of this Technical Specification, the revision of ISO 9004 has been completed and ISO 9004:2009 has been publishe
49、d. There is no sector-specific guidance. 0.4 Compatibility with other management systems ISO 9001:2008, Quality management systems Requirements Introduction 0.4 Compatibility with other management systems During the development of this International Standard, due consideration was given to the provisions of ISO 14001:2004 to enhance the compatibility of the two standards for the benefit of the user community. Annex A shows the correspondence between ISO 9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004. This International Standard does not include requirem
