1、 Reference number ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) ISO 2011TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 14649-201 First edition 2011-12-15 Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 201: Machine tool data for cutting processes Systmes dauto
2、matisation industrielle et intgration Commande des dispositifs physiques Modle de donnes pour les contrleurs numriques informatiss Partie 201: Donnes de la machine-outil pour les procds de coupe ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise spec
3、ified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office C
4、ase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative refe
5、rences 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 3.1 Terms defined in ISO 14649-1 2 3.2 Terms defined in ISO 10303-105 2 3.3 Terms defined in ISO 10303-240 2 3.4 Other terms and definitions . 2 4 Machine tool data for cutting processes 3 4.1 Header and references 3 4.2 General type definitions 4 4.3 Machine too
6、l . 5 4.4 Machine tool elements 17 4.5 Kinematics . 31 Annex A (normative) EXPRESS expanded listing . 34 Annex B (informative) EXPRESS-G diagram 45 Annex C (informative) Multi-tasking machine example 59 Annex D (informative) Machining centre example . 61 Annex E (informative) Parallel mechanism mach
7、ining centre example 63 Bibliography 65 Index 66 ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is norm
8、ally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in t
9、he work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare
10、 International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when there
11、 is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by m
12、ore than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An ISO/PAS or ISO
13、/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed
14、 into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 14649-201 was prepared by Technical Committee
15、 ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration, Subcommittee SC 1, Physical device control. ISO/TS 14649 consists of the following parts, under the general title Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers: Part 1: Overview
16、 and fundamental principles Part 10: General process data Part 11: Process data for milling Part 12: Process data for turning Part 13: Process data for wire electrical discharge machining (wire-EDM) Part 14: Process data for sink electrical discharge machining (sink-EDM) Part 111: Tools for milling
17、machines Part 121: Tools for turning machines Part 201: Machine tool data for cutting processes Technical Specification ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction Modern manufacturing enterprises are built from facilities spread around the globe, which contain equipment from
18、 hundreds of different manufacturers. Immense volumes of product information need to be transferred between the various facilities and machines. Todays digital communications standards have solved the problem of reliably transferring information across global networks. For mechanical parts, the desc
19、ription of product data has been standardized by ISO 10303, leading to the possibility of using standard data throughout the entire process chain in the manufacturing enterprise. Impediments to realizing this principle are the data formats used at the machine level. Most computer numerical control (
20、CNC) machines are programmed in the ISO 6983 “G and M code” language. Programs are typically generated by computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems that use computer-aided design (CAD) information. However, ISO 6983 limits program portability for the following three reasons: a) the language focuses
21、 on programming the tool centre path with respect to machine axes, rather than the machining process with respect to the part; b) the standard defines the syntax of program statements, but in most cases leaves the semantics ambiguous; c) vendors usually supplement the language with extensions that a
22、re not covered in the limited scope of ISO 6983. ISO 14649 is a new model of data transfer between CAD/CAM systems and CNC machines, which replaces ISO 6983. It remedies the shortcomings of ISO 6983 by specifying machining processes rather than machine tool motion, using the object-oriented concept
23、of workingsteps. Workingsteps correspond to high-level machining features and associated process parameters. CNCs are responsible for translating workingsteps into axis motion and tool operation. A major benefit of ISO 14649 is its use of existing data models from ISO 10303. As ISO 14649 provides a
24、comprehensive model of the manufacturing process, it can also be used as the basis for a bi- and multi-directional data exchange between all other information technology systems. ISO 14649 represents an object-oriented, information- and context-preserving approach for numerical control (NC) programm
25、ing that supersedes data reduction to simple switching instructions or linear and circular movements. As it is object- and feature-oriented and describes the machining operations executed on the workpiece, rather than machine dependent axis motions, it will be running on different machine tools or c
26、ontrollers. This compatibility will spare all data adaptations by post-processors if the new data model is correctly implemented on the NC controllers. If old NC programs in ISO 6983 are intended to be used on such controllers, the corresponding interpreters will need to be able to process the diffe
27、rent NC program types in parallel. In developing ISO 14649, a gradual evolution from ISO 6983 programming to portable feature-based programming has been envisaged. Early adopters of ISO 14649 will certainly support data input of legacy “G and M codes” manually or through programs, just as modern con
28、trollers support both command-line interfaces and graphical user interfaces. This is likely to be made easier as open-architecture controllers become more prevalent. Therefore, ISO 14649 does not include legacy program statements, which would otherwise dilute its effectiveness. The information form
29、in ISO 14649 already allows for major improvements over existing methods, but in order to support even more efficient production, a description of the manufacturing environment will be needed in addition to the manufacturing information. Consequently, this part of ISO 14649 is a first step to permit
30、ting the description of machine tools as a manufacturing resource. The description allows process planners to describe their machine needs for a micro-process plan (an ISO 14649 file), referred to as a requirements model. The model also allows existing machine tools to be described as resources for
31、manufacturing, referred to as catalogue models. This part of ISO 14649 is intended to provide a basis for process planning and simulation, for controller developers and for machine tool developers to describe their products, as well as for ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedrese
32、arch, for example. This part of ISO 14649 is not intended to replace existing standards for machine tool descriptions, but to provide the information necessary for manufacturing applications in a concise way. It is envisaged that there will be a continuing effort to describe the manufacturing resour
33、ce environment in a standardized manner, so as to support efficient advanced and flexible manufacturing. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Industrial automation systems and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controll
34、ers Part 201: Machine tool data for cutting processes 1 Scope This part of ISO 14649 specifies the technology-specific machine tool description data elements needed as process data for manufacturing and machine characteristics. The machine tool descriptions covered in this schema are, initially, mil
35、ling machines, machining centres, turning machines and multi-tasking machines. This part of ISO 14649 is not intended to replace existing machine tool description standards, but to cover the specific needs of manufacturing resource description for manufacturing needs in the technologies described in
36、 ISO 14649. Examples of manufacturing applications of this model are: part programming for CNC machining; process planning; a simulation of machining processes; analysis of expected machining time and machine tool energy use; a description of new machine tools for manufacturing evaluation and/or con
37、troller development. The schema specified in this part of ISO 14649 does not include representations, executable objects and base classes that are common for all technologies. These are referenced from the generic resources of ISO 10303 and from ISO 14649-10. 2 Normative references The following ref
38、erenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 10303-105, Industrial automation systems and integration Produ
39、ct data representation and exchange Part 105: Integrated application resource: Kinematics ISO 10303-240, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 240: Application protocol: Process plans for machined products ISO 14649-1, Industrial automation syste
40、ms and integration Physical device control Data model for computerized numerical controllers Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions 3.1 Terms defined in ISO 14649-1 For the purposes of this document, the following te
41、rms and definitions given in ISO 14649-1 apply: executable; machining operation; NC function; workingstep. 3.2 Terms defined in ISO 10303-105 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in ISO 10303-105 apply: base; frame; joint; kinematics; link; link frame; mechani
42、sm; pair; placement. 3.3 Terms defined in ISO 10303-240 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in ISO 10303-240 apply: process plan. 3.4 Other terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.4.1 multi-channel
43、 control control of multiple machining operations simultaneously NOTE This can also be referred to as multi-path control. 3.4.2 multi-tasking machine tool numerically-controlled machine tool with a swivel tool-spindle head that can be continuously rotated and a workholding spindle that can be orient
44、ed continuously around the axis, as well as an automatic tool changer and tool magazine (including turret head), and having two or more different machining abilities (such as turning, milling, hobbing) without change of set-up of a workpiece NOTE This machine can include additional functions, such a
45、s measurement or heat treatment. ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 34 Machine tool data for cutting processes 4.1 Header and references The following listing gives the header for the machine tool schema and the list of types and entities, which are imported within this schema. US
46、E FROM DATE_TIME_SCHEMA (calendar_date); USE FROM GEOMETRY_SCHEMA (axis2_placement_3d); USE FROM KINEMATIC_STRUCTURE_SCHEMA (cylindrical_pair, cylindrical_pair_range, kinematic_joint, kinematic_link, kinematic_link_representation, kinematic_link_representation_association, kinematic_link_representat
47、ion_relation, kinematic_pair, kinematic_property_definition, kinematic_structure, mechanism, pair_actuator, prismatic_pair, prismatic_pair_range, revolute_pair, revolute_pair_range, rotational_range_measure, simple_pair_range, spherical_pair, spherical_pair_range, su_parameters, translational_range_
48、measure, unlimited_range); USE FROM MACHINING_SCHEMA (project, rot_speed_measure, workplan); USE FROM MEASURE_SCHEMA (acceleration_measure, count_measure, electric_current_measure, length_measure, mass_measure, plane_angle_measure, power_measure, pressure_measure, ratio_measure, time_measure, veloci
49、ty_measure, volume_measure); USE FROM PRODUCT_DEFINITION_SCHEMA (product_definition); ISO/TS 14649-201:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reservedUSE FROM PRODUCT_PROPERTY_DEFINITION_SCHEMA (characterized_definition, characterized_object, characterized_product_definition); USE FROM PRODUCT_PROPERTY_REPRESENTATION_SCHEMA (shape_representation); USE FROM SUPPORT_RESOURCE_SCHEMA (identifier, label, text); NOTE The schemas referenced above are specified
