1、 ISO 2012 Road vehicles Test procedures for evaluating out-of-position vehicle occupant interactions with deploying side air bags Vhicules routiers Mthodes dessai pour lvaluation des interactions dun occupant en position anormale dans un vhicule avec les sacs gonflables latraux en cours de dploiemen
2、t TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 14933 Second edition 2012-12-15 Reference number ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) ISO/TR 14933:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
3、form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749
4、09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Definitions . 1 4 Tests . 2 4.1 General . 2 4.2 Test device 2 5 Instrumentation 3 5.1 General .
5、 3 5.2 Dummy test temperature . 3 5.3 Electrical grounding . 3 6 Air bag location/impacting object/other test matrix 3 7 Test details 5 7.1 Test procedures referenced in other ISO international standards . 5 7.2 Child and small adult out-of-position static tests. 5 Bibliography .18 ISO/TR 14933:2012
6、(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which
7、 a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all mat
8、ters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circu
9、lated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an Internat
10、ional Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid
11、or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 14933 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC
12、 10, Impact test procedures. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TR 14933:2001), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) Introduction Side air bags (SAB) are inflatable devices intended to help reduce the risk of injury to t
13、he head and/or the chest and/or the pelvis of vehicle occupants adjacent to the impacted side of the vehicle. Side impact accident data indicate that the vehicle side is most likely to come into contact with a passenger car, a truck or a fixed object, such as a pole or tree 1) . Accident data also i
14、ndicate that serious-to-fatal injuries in side impact are most likely to occur to the head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis and extremities. During its inflation process in an accident, an air bag generates a considerable amount of kinetic energy and, as a result, substantial forces can be developed be
15、tween the deploying air bag and the nearby occupant. A considerable but unknown portion of the occupant population does not drive/ride in exactly the vehicle design position, but lean/rest in various ways against the armrest, door, glazing or other side panel of the vehicle, where air bag reaction f
16、orces may be even greater. These test procedures were developed to help improve the understanding of such interactions and to help aid in the assessment of future air bag designs. This Technical Report describes the more common interactions, recognizing that the range of possible interactions is ess
17、entially limitless. References 1to 5provide some background on human impact tolerance and criteria, while references 6and 7d e s c r i b e s c a l i n g t e c h n i q u e s f o r d i f f e r e n t s i z e o c c u p a n t s a n d r e f e r e n c e s 8to 10offer interpretations of dummy responses rela
18、tive to human injury potential that may be helpful in the evaluation. 1) The vehicle side may also come into contact with the ground during rollovers, but such contact is generally expected to be less severe than when coming into contact with the three main objects mentioned above. ISO 2012 All righ
19、ts reserved v Road vehicles Test procedures for evaluating out-of- position vehicle occupant interactions with deploying side air bags 1 Scope This Technical Report outlines test procedures for evaluating the effects of the interactions between deploying side air bags (SAB) and vehicle occupants. Th
20、e in-position test procedures are referred to in other ISO international standards, such as, full-vehicle pole crash tests (ISO 15829) and instrumented arm evaluations (ISO 15827). Out-of-position vehicle occupant test procedures are described in this Technical Report. This Technical Report describe
21、s dummies, procedures, instrumentation and test configurations that can be used for investigating the interactions that occur between a deploying side air bag and a vehicle occupant in front and rear seats. Air bags may deploy from the door or side trim panel, the armrest, the seat back or cushion,
22、the roof support pillars, and the roof rail area. Occupants can range in size from young children through very large adults. These test procedures are sufficiently broad to cover these areas. Static tests are used for these evaluations, since external forces do not accelerate the vehicle buck. 2 Nor
23、mative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6487:2012, Road vehicles Me
24、asurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation ISO/TR 12349 (all parts):1999, Road vehicles Dummies for restraint system testing ISO/TR 15827:2007, Road vehicles Test procedures Evaluating small female dummy arm and forearm interactions with driver frontal airbags and side airbags ISO/TR 15829
25、:2004, Road vehicles Side impact test procedures for the evaluation of occupant interactions with side airbags by pole impact simulation SAE J211-1:2007, Instrumentation for impact test Part 1: Electronic instrumentation SAE J211-2:2008, Instrumentation for impact test Part 2: Photographic instrumen
26、tation 3 De finiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply. 3.1 side air bag SAB air bag designed primarily to help reduce occupant injury potential where the significant collision force vector is lateral 3.2 head air bag air bag that deploys between the occupants head
27、 and the vehicle side structure or an external object that could contact the head TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) 3.3 chest (thoracic) air bag air bag that deploys between the occupants upper torso and the vehicle side structure 3.4 pelvic ai
28、r bag air bag that deploys between the occupants pelvis/thigh area and the vehicle side structure 3.5 combination air bag air bag that deploys to help protect two or more occupants body areas EXAMPLE A head and chest combination air bag. 3.6 out-of-position occupant occupant who is seated within the
29、 deployment area of a side air bag (for side impact collisions) 3.7 instrumented arm upper and/or lower arm that fits on a production dummy, with accelerometers and/or load cells to help measure the interactive forces, accelerations and moments on the upper extremities during air bag deployment 3.8
30、rigid pole vertically-oriented circular, rigid pole-like structure, beginning no more than 100 mm above the ground, and extending above the roof of the impacting vehicle Note 1 to entry: See ISO 3560 and ISO 15829. 3.9 seat bight seat back/seat cushion junction 4 Tests 4.1 General Tests described in
31、 this Technical Report should be selected to produce the most comprehensive assessment of the occupant protection system in out-of-position conditions. Additional tests may need to be conducted with slight modifications of the dummy positioning to help ensure the robustness of the occupant interacti
32、on measurements. 4.2 Test device 4.2.1 General Refer to Tables 2 and 3 for the dummies that are appropriate for use in this Technical Report. These dummies are referenced in ISO/TR 12349 (all parts). The dummys head skin should be cleaned with alcohol and dusted with baby powder to achieve acceptabl
33、e frictional characteristics. 4.2.2 SID-IIs The SID-IIs represents a 50th percentile 12 to 13 year old adolescent or small adult generic dummy designed to indicate injury potential to the head, neck, shoulder, arm, chest, abdomen, lumbar spine, pelvis, thighs and legs as described in Par t 572. The
34、SID-IIs has been fully evaluated and has been adopted 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) into ISO/TR 12349 for use. See references 11to 13for instrumentation details. It was specifically designed to help evaluate the injury potential of side air bags 11to. 13 5 Instrumentation 5.1 G
35、eneral Measurements, possibly applicable to air bag testing, that can be made using the approved anthropomorphic test device for each age group are contained in ISO/TR 12349. All measurements should be recorded and filtered according to the latest version of ISO 6487 and SAE J211 for body regions. T
36、hese measurements should be continuous functions of time, so that other quantities referred to in the references may be derived. Caution must be exercised with dummy compression measurements. In some of these tests, the rate of loading may be high enough to cause discontinuities in the compression d
37、ata of the SID-IIs. Monitor the air bag deployment and dummy interactions by high-speed cameras (or equivalent video equipment) operating at a minimum speed of 1000 frames per second (3000 fps is recommended). The cameras should be positioned so that the field-of-view encompasses the test setup and
38、includes the anticipated movement of the dummy during the test. 5.2 Dummy test temperature The test dummy temperature should be within a temperature range of 20,6 C to 22,2 C at a relative humidity to 10 % to 70 % after a soak period of at least 4 h prior to its application in a test, or that specif
39、ied for the dummy by the manufacturer. 5.3 Electrical grounding The test dummy, vehicle and all related instrumentation must be grounded to the data collection system. The test dummy shall be grounded with cables attached to the dummys head, thorax and pelvis, which shall be connected to earth groun
40、d during all testing. Between tests, spray the dummy with an anti- static spray. These are both very important due to the high likelihood for electrostatic discharges as a result of the inflating air bag. 6 Air bag location/impacting object/other test matrix The vehicle-to-fixed pole crash test proc
41、edure was selected in Table 1 instead of a dynamic side impact crash test or high-hooded vehicle simulation crash test. The rationale is that a pole crash test is the most severe and produces the highest dummy interaction responses. Additionally, a pole test presents the greatest challenge for desig
42、ning the side air bag sensor system. The child/adult out-of-position and instrumented arm interaction tests are shown in Tables 2 and 3 for front and rear seating positions. Table 1 Pole test matrix Seat position Air bag types Foremost Mid Rearmost Seat X X X Door X X X Roof-rail X X X ISO 2012 All
43、rights reserved 3 ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) Table 2 Side air bag OOP summary test matrix for driver seat (small large adults) Air Bag Types Test Devices Test Positions Body Regions Seat Mount SID-IIs, with Arm (If same air bag as passenger, tests may be conducted in either position.) 7.2.8.1 Inboard faci
44、ng, leaning against door Head, Neck, Thoracic, Abdominal SID-IIs, with Instrumented Arm 7.1.2.1 Arm on armrest Arm Door Mount SID-IIs, with Arm (If same air bag as passenger, tests may be conducted in either position.) 7.2.7.1 Forward facing against door trim Neck, Thoracic, Abdominal SID-IIs with I
45、nstrumented Arm 7.1.2.1 Arm on armrest Arm Roof-Rail Mount SID-IIs, with Arm or Hybrid III Small Female (If same air bag as passenger, tests may be conducted in either position.) 7.2.7.2 Forward facing, against door trim, seat highest position Head, Neck Table 3 Side air bag summary test matrix for
46、front passenger and rear seats (children adults) Air Bag Types Test Devices Test Positions Body Regions Seat Mount 3-year-old Child Hybrid III 7.2.2.1 Child on booster seat facing forward leaning against door trim Head, Neck, Thoracic, Abdominal 7.2.3 Facing rearward leaning against door Head, Neck,
47、 Thoracic 7.2.6.2 Lying across seat, head on door trim, wedge support Head, Neck 6-year-old Child Hybrid III 7.2.2.2 Child on booster seat facing forward leaning against door trim Head, Neck, Thoracic, Abdominal SID-IIs, with Arm 7.2.8.1 Inboard facing against door Head, Neck, Thoracic, Abdominal SI
48、D-IIs, with Instru- mented Arm 7.1.2.1 Arm on armrest Arm Door/Quarter Panel Mount 3-year-old Child Hybrid III 7.2.4 Outboard facing, leaning against door trim Head, Neck, Thoracic 7.2.5.1 Inboard facing, leaning back against door trim Head, Neck 7.2.6.1 Lying across seat, head against door trim Hea
49、d, Neck 7.2.6.2 Lying across seat, head on door trim, wedge support Head, Neck SID-IIs, with Arm 7.2.7.1 Forward facing against door trim Neck, Thoracic, Abdominal SID-IIs, with Instrumented Arm 7.1.2.1 Arm on armrest Arm4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO/TR 14933:2012(E) Air Bag Types Test Devices Test Positions Body Regions Roof-Rail Mount 6-year-old Child Hybrid III 7.2.5.2 Inboard facing, leaning back against door, seated on booster Head, Nec
