1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 28361 First edition 2007-10-01Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Near Field Communication Wired Interface (NFC-WI) Technologies de linformation Tlinformatique Interface
2、cble de communication de champs proche (NFC-WI) ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and instal
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6、film, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IE
7、C 2007 All rights reservedISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 3 Conventions and notations . 1 3.1 Representation of bit values 1 3.2 Representation of logical states of LOW and HIGH 1 3.3 Capitalis
8、ation of names 2 3.4 State notation 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2 5 General. 2 6 Signals . 3 6.1 Signal wires . 3 6.2 Electrical characteristics . 3 6.3 Clock frequency (f CLK ) 4 7 NFC-WI states 4 7.1 Off state . 5 7.2 Activating state . 5 7.3 On state 7 7.4 De-Activating state . 8 7.5 Comm
9、and state . 9 8 Information-transfer 10 8.1 Manchester bit coding 10 8.2 Modified Miller bit coding 10 8.3 Bit coding for f CLK /128 (106 kb/s) 11 8.4 Bit coding for f CLK /64 (212 kb/s) 11 8.5 Bit coding for f CLK /32 (424 kb/s) 12 Annex A (informative) Application of NFC-WI with NFCIP-1 13 Annex B
10、 (informative) Command state configuration 17 ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) iv ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies
11、that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other inte
12、rnational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given
13、 in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by
14、 at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 28361 was prepared by Ecma Internationa
15、l (as ECMA-373) and was adopted, under a special “fast- track procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved v Introduction Following the standardi
16、sation of Near Field Communication (NFC) systems and their test methods in Ecma International, this International Standard specifies a two-wire interface between two components called “Transceiver” and “Front-end”. Systems that implement the NFC-WI interface can thus be augmented with, for example,
17、a wireless Front-end for NFCIP-1 as illustrated in Figure 1. Although this International Standard only specifies requirements for the Signal-In and Signal-Out wires and the digital signals they carry, informative Annex A lists some NFCIP-1 specific considerations. NFC Transceiver Signal-Out Signal-I
18、n Device (e.g. NFCIP-1) NFC Front-End NFC Wired Interface (NFC-WI) In scope Out of Scope Out of ScopeFigure 1 Context diagram for the NFC wired interface INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 1 Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange
19、 between systems Near Field Communication Wired Interface (NFC-WI) 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the digital wire interface between a Transceiver and a Front-end. The specification includes the signal wires, binary signals, the state diagrams and the bit encodings for three data rate
20、s. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 Clock sequence of LOW and HIGH as defined in 3.2 with duration of 1/(2*f CLK ), where f clkis the clock frequency as defined in 6.3 2.2 Information bit-coded data as defined in Clause 8 2.3 F
21、ront-end entity that drives the Signal-Out wire and receives on the Signal-In wire 2.4 Transceiver entity that drives the Signal-In wire and receives on the Signal-Out wire 3 Conventions and notations 3.1 Representation of bit values Bit values are either ZERO or ONE. 3.2 Representation of logical s
22、tates of LOW and HIGH The logical signal state is LOW if the electrical level of a signal has the input voltage of V ILor the output voltage of V OLas specified in Table 1 in 6.2. The logical signal state is HIGH if the electrical level of a signal has the input voltage of V IHor the output voltage
23、of V OHas specified in Table 1 in 6.2. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved3.3 Capitalisation of names The initial character of names of basic elements, e.g. specific fields, is capitalised. 3.4 State notation The states are specified in Unified Modelling Language (UML) notation.
24、 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms AND Logical AND operation f CLKClock frequency as defined in 6.3 NFC-WI Near Field Communication Wired Interface OR Logical OR operation XOR Logical XOR operation Divide a clock frequency by a constant value. Table 1 in 6.2 list additional symbols for electrical char
25、acteristics. 5 General The NFC-Wired Interface (NFC-WI) specifies the Signal-In and the Signal-Out wires as illustrated in Figure 2. The wires carry binary signals of HIGH and LOW. NFC Transceiver Signal-Out Signal-In NFC Front-End NFC Wired Interface (NFC-WI) In scopeFigure 2 NFC-WI The combination
26、s of the signals on the wires make up the NFC-WI states as defined in Clause 7. Clause 8 specifies encodings for Information transfer, while in the On state, for the f CLK /128, f CLK /64 and f CLK /32 data transfer rates. Annex A lists NFCIP-1 specific considerations for implementing the NFC-WI; An
27、nex B lists possible uses of the Command state, such as changing to alternative protocols. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 3 6 Signals 6.1 Signal wires 6.1.1 Signal-In The Transceiver drives the Signal-In wire with a binary signal of HIGH and LOW. The Front-end receives the bi
28、nary signal on Signal-In. 6.1.2 Signal-Out The Front-end drives the Signal-Out wire with a binary signal of HIGH and LOW. The Transceiver receives the binary signal on Signal-Out. 6.2 Electrical characteristics The wires shall carry (binary) digital signals as illustrated in Figure 3 and specified i
29、n Table 1. Figure 3 Illustration of some electrical parameters Table 1 Electrical characteristics Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Max Unit DC Characteristics V SSignalling voltage amplitude Not applicable 1,62 3,63 V V IHHIGH level input voltage Not applicable 1,10 3,63 V V ILLOW level input voltage
30、 Not applicable 0 0,70 V I LIInput leakage current Input voltage is between V ILminand V IHmax 4 mA V OHHIGH level output voltage Driver source current of 4mA 1,32 3,63 V V OLLOW level output voltage Driver sink current of 4mA 0 0,30 V ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedAC Chara
31、cteristics t rSignal-In, Signal-Out rise time (from 10 % to 90 % of V S ) Add an external capacitive load between 10 pF and 30 pF for testing 4 20 ns t fSignal-In, Signal-Out fall time (from 90 % to 10 % of V S ) Add an external capacitive load between 10 pF and 30 pF for testing 4 20 ns t SPPulse w
32、idth of spikes and glitches which must be suppressed by the input filter Not applicable 1 ns C IInput capacitance 1 MHz test frequency 10 pF C LExternal load capacitance for the driver Not applicable 30 pF V ITRInput voltage range at signal transitions Not applicable 0,30 3,93 V Pulse width Not appl
33、icable 30 ns Environmental/Test Conditions T ambAmbient temperature for electrical characteristics measurements Not applicable 20 26 C 6.3 Clock frequency (f CLK ) The clock frequency (f CLK ) shall be 13,56 MHz 7 kHz. 7 NFC-WI states Figure 4 specifies the main NFC-WI states. The Off state and the
34、On state are the main NFC-WI states. The Off state is the default state. NFC-WI shall move from the Off state to the On state as specified in 7.2. NFC-WI shall move from the On state to the Off state as specified in 7.4. NFC-WI shall move from the On state to the Command state via the Escape sequenc
35、e. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 5 Off On Activating Deactivating CommandFigure 4 Main states of NFC-WI 7.1 Off state When Signal-In and Signal-Out are LOW for at least 120 s, the NFC-WI state shall be Off. NOTE In this state, power saving features may be implemented. 7.2 Ac
36、tivating state The NFC-WI shall enter the Activating state when either Signal-Out or Signal-In carry the activation sequence, as specified in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 respectively. When subsequently the opposite wire carries the activation response, the NFC-WI shall enter the On state, as shown in Figure 5.
37、Activating Wait Signal- In Wait Signal- Out ACT_REQ_So ACT_REQ_Si ACT_RES_So ACT_RES_SiFigure 5 Activating state ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) 6 ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved7.2.1 Signal-Out activation When the Signal-Out wire carries the ACT_REQ_So, the NFC-WI shall enter the Activating state. When Sign
38、al-In carries the ACT_RES_Si no later than 50 ms after entering the Activating state the NFC-WI shall enter the On state. Otherwise the NFC-WI shall enter the Off state. The activation sequence is illustrated in Figure 6 and Figure 7. Transceiver Front-end ACT_REQ_So ACT_RES_SiFigure 6 Signal-Out ac
39、tivation 7.2.1.1 ACT_REQ_So The Clock on the Signal-Out wire constitutes the ACT_REQ_So as illustrated in the upper part of Figure 7. 7.2.1.2 ACT_RES_Si The HIGH on Signal-In constitutes the ACT_RES_Si as illustrated in the lower part of Figure 7. HIGH LOW Signal on Signal-In t HIGH LOW Signal on Si
40、gnal-Out Off State t On State Activating State max. 50msFigure 7 Signal-Out initiated activation sequence 7.2.2 Signal-In activation When the Signal-In wire carries the ACT_REQ_Si, the NFC-WI shall enter the Activating state. When Signal- Out carries the ACT_RES_So within a period of between 100 s a
41、nd 50 ms after entering the Activating state the NFC-WI shall enter the On state. Otherwise the NFC-WI shall enter the Off state. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 7 The activation sequence is illustrated in Figure 8 and Figure 9. Transceiver Front-end ACT_REQ_Si ACT_RES_SoFigur
42、e 8 Signal-In activation 7.2.2.1 ACT_REQ_Si At least 127 pulses with a frequency in the range of 2 MHz to 12 MHz on Signal-In constitute the ACT_REQ_Si as illustrated in the upper part of Figure 9. Subsequently Signal-In shall be HIGH. 7.2.2.2 ACT_RES_So The Clock on the Signal-Out wire constitutes
43、the ACT_RES_So as illustrated in the lower part of Figure 9. HIGH LOW Signal on Signal-In Off State t On State HIGH LOW Signal on Signal-Out t Activating State 100s 50msFigure 9 Signal-In initiated activation sequence 7.3 On state The On state consists of the Idle and Busy sub states; Idle is the de
44、fault sub-state of On, as shown in Figure 10. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) 8 ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedOn Idle BusyFigure 10 The On state 7.3.1 Idle While in the On state, in the absence of Information-transfer, the On sub-state shall be Idle. In the Idle sub- state, Signal-In shall carry HIGH, and S
45、ignal-Out shall carry the Clock. 7.3.2 Busy While in the On state, during Information-transfer on either Signal-In or Signal-Out, the On sub-state shall be Busy. 7.4 De-Activating state The NFC-WI shall enter the De-Activating state when either Signal-Out or Signal-In carry the deactivation sequence
46、 as specified in 7.4.1 and 7.4.2 respectively. When subsequently the opposite wire carries the deactivation response, the NFC-WI shall enter the Off state, see Figure 11. De-Activating Wait Signal- In Wait Signal- Out DEAC_REQ_So DEAC_REQ_Si DEAC_RES_So DEAC_RES_SiFigure 11 De-Activating state 7.4.1
47、 Signal-Out deactivation When Signal-Out carries DEACT_REQ_So, the NFC-WI shall enter De-Activating state. Within 50 ms, the Signal-In shall carry DEACT_RES_Si, and the NFC-WI shall enter the Off state. ISO/IEC 28361:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 9 7.4.1.1 DEACT_REQ_So Signal-Out set to L
48、OW for more than 120 s constitutes the DEACT_REQ_So. 7.4.1.2 DEACT_RES_Si Signal-In set to LOW constitutes the DEACT_RES_Si. 7.4.2 Signal-In deactivation When Signal-In carries DEACT_REQ_Si, the NFC-WI shall enter De-Activating state. Within 50 ms, the Signal-Out shall carry DEACT_RES_So, and the NF
49、C-WI shall enter the Off state. 7.4.2.1 DEACT_REQ_Si Signal-In set to LOW for more than 120 s constitutes the DEACT_REQ_Si. 7.4.2.2 DEACT_RES_So Signal-Out set to LOW constitutes the DEACT_RES_So. 7.5 Command state The Command state shall be entered from the On state using the Escape sequence. The default bit coding in Command state shall be as defined in 8.3, Bit coding for f CLK /128. The Command state is exited with a command. The command set is outside the scope of this
