1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 19793:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19793 Second edition 2015-04-01 Information technology Open Distributed Processing Use of UML for ODP system specifications Technologies de linformation Traitement rparti ouvert Utilisation de lUML pour les spcificati
2、ons de systme ODP ISO/IEC 19793:2015(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the inte
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4、 www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved Rec. ITU-T X.906 (10/2014) iii CONTENTS Page 0.1 RM-ODP . v 0.2 UML v 0.3 Overview and motivation vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards 1 2.2 Additional References . 1 3
5、Definitions 2 3.1 Definitions from ODP standards . 2 3.2 Definitions from the Enterprise Language 2 3.3 Definitions from the Unified Modeling Language 2 4 Abbreviations . 3 5 Conventions 3 6 Overview of modelling and system specification approach . 4 6.1 Introduction . 4 6.2 Overview of ODP concepts
6、 (extracted from RM-ODP Part 1) . 4 6.3 Overview of UML concepts 8 6.4 Universes of discourse, ODP specifications and UML models . 10 6.5 Modelling concepts and UML profiles for ODP viewpoint languages and correspondences . 11 6.6 General principles for expressing and structuring ODP system specific
7、ations using UML 11 6.7 Correspondences between viewpoint specifications . 12 7 Enterprise specification 13 7.1 Modelling concepts . 13 7.2 UML profile 19 7.3 Enterprise specification structure (in UML terms) 28 7.4 Viewpoint correspondences for the enterprise language . 29 8 Information specificati
8、on 30 8.1 Modelling concepts . 30 8.2 UML profile 32 8.3 Information specification structure (in UML terms) . 34 8.4 Viewpoint correspondences for the information language 35 9 Computational specification . 36 9.1 Modelling concepts . 36 9.2 UML profile 41 9.3 Computational specification structure (
9、in UML terms). 47 9.4 Viewpoint correspondences for the computational language 47 10 Engineering specification . 48 10.1 Modelling concepts . 48 10.2 UML profile 56 10.3 Engineering specification structure (in UML terms) . 62 10.4 Viewpoint correspondences for the engineering language 62 11 Technolo
10、gy specification 63 11.1 Modelling concepts . 63 11.2 UML profile 63 11.3 Technology specification structure (in UML terms) . 64 11.4 Viewpoint correspondences for the technology language . 65 12 Correspondences specification . 65 12.1 Modelling concepts . 65 12.2 UML profile 66 13 Modelling conform
11、ance in ODP system specifications 67 13.1 Modelling conformance concepts . 67 iv Rec. ITU-T X.906 (10/2014) Page 13.2 UML profile 67 14 Conformance and compliance to this Recommendation | International Standard 68 14.1 Conformance . 68 14.2 Compliance . 68 Annex A An example of ODP specifications us
12、ing UML 69 A.1 The Templeman Library system 69 A.2 Enterprise specification in UML . 70 A.3 Information specification in UML 83 A.4 Computational specification in UML 91 A.5 Engineering specification in UML 96 A.6 Technology specification in UML 107 Annex B An example of the representation of deonti
13、c concepts 111 B.1 The scenario 111 B.2 Expressing the deontic constraints 112 INDEX 117 Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are membe
14、rs of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international orga
15、nizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IE
16、C Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 %
17、 of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 8825-7 was prepared by Joint Technical Commit
18、tee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering, in collaboration with ITU-T. The identical text is published as ITU-T X.906 (10/2014). ISO/IEC 19793:2015(E) v Rec. ITU-T X.906 (10/2014) Rec. ITU-T X.906 (10/2014) vi Introduction The rapid growth of dis
19、tributed processing has led to the adoption of the reference model of open distributed processing (RM-ODP), which provides a coordinating framework for the standardization of open distributed processing (ODP). It creates an architecture within which support of distribution, interworking and portabil
20、ity can be integrated. This architecture provides a framework for the specification of ODP systems. The reference model of open distributed processing is based on precise concepts derived from current distributed processing developments and, as far as possible, on the use of formal description techn
21、iques for specification of the architecture. It does not recommend any notation. The Unified Modeling Language (UML ) was developed by the Object Management Group (OMG). It provides a notation for modelling in support of information system design and is widely used throughout the IT industry as the
22、language and notation of choice. This Recommendation | International Standard refines and extends the definition of how ODP systems are specified by defining the use of the unified modelling language for the expression of ODP system specifications. 0.1 RM-ODP The RM-ODP consists of: Part 1 Rec. ITU-
23、T X.901 | ISO/IEC 10746-1: Overview, which contains a motivational overview of ODP, giving scoping, justification and explanation of key concepts, and an outline of the ODP architecture. It contains explanatory material on how the RM-ODP is to be interpreted and applied by its users, who may include
24、 standards writers and architects of ODP systems. It also contains a categorization of required areas of standardization expressed in terms of the reference points for conformance identified in Rec. ITU-T X.903 | ISO/IEC 10746-3. This part is informative. Part 2 Rec. ITU-T X.902 | ISO/IEC 10746-2: F
25、oundations, which contains the definition of the concepts and analytical framework for normalised description of (arbitrary) distributed processing systems. It introduces the principles of conformance to ODP standards and the way in which they are applied. This is only to a level of detail sufficien
26、t to support Rec. ITU-T X.903 | ISO/IEC 10746-3 and to establish requirements for new specification techniques. This part is normative. Part 3 Rec. ITU-T X.903 | ISO/IEC 10746-3: Architecture, which contains the specification of the required characteristics that qualify distributed processing as ope
27、n. These are the constraints to which ODP standards shall conform. It uses the descriptive techniques from Rec. ITU-T X.902 | ISO/IEC 10746-2. This part is normative. Part 4 Rec. ITU-T X.904 | ISO/IEC 10746-4: Architectural semantics, which contains a formalization of the ODP modelling concepts defi
28、ned in Rec. ITU-T X.902 | ISO/IEC 10746-2 clauses 8 and 9. The formalization is achieved by interpreting each concept in terms of the constructs of one or more of the different standardized formal description techniques. This part is normative. In the same series as the RM-ODP are a number of other
29、standards and recommendations, and, of these, the chief that concerns this Recommendation | International Standard is: The Enterprise Language Rec. ITU-T X.911 | ISO/IEC 15414, which refines and extends the enterprise language defined in Rec. ITU-T X.903 | ISO/IEC 10746-3 to enable full enterprise v
30、iewpoint specification of an ODP system. 0.2 UML The Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a visual language for specifying and documenting the artefacts of systems. It is a general-purpose modelling language that can be used with all major object and component methods and that can be applied to all a
31、pplication domains (e.g., in health, finance, telecommunications, or aerospace) and implementation platforms (e.g., J2EE, CORBA , .NET). The version of UML currently adopted as an International Standard (ISO/IEC 19505) is UML 2.4.1. UML version 2 has been structured modularly, with the ability to se
32、lect only those parts of the language that are of direct interest. It is extensible, so it can be easily tailored to meet the specific user requirements. The UML specification defines thirteen types of diagram, divided in two categories that represent, respectively, the static structure of the objec
33、ts in a system (structure diagrams) and the dynamic behaviour of the objects in a system (behaviour diagrams). In addition, UML incorporates extension mechanisms that allow the definition of new dialects of UML (managed using UML profiles) to customize the language for particular platforms and domai
34、ns. vii Rec. ITU-T X.906 (10/2014) The UML specification is defined using a metamodelling approach (i.e., a metamodel is used to specify the model that comprises UML). That metamodel has been constructed so that the resulting family of UML languages is fully aligned with the rest of the OMG specific
35、ations (e.g., MOF, OCL, XMI ) and to allow the exchange of models between tools. 0.3 Overview and motivation Part 3 of the reference model, Rec. ITU-T X.903 | ISO/IEC 10746-3 defines a framework for the specification of ODP systems comprising a) five viewpoints, called enterprise, information, compu
36、tational, engineering and technology, which provide a basis for the specification of ODP systems; b) a viewpoint language for each viewpoint, defining concepts and rules for specifying ODP systems from the corresponding viewpoint. This Recommendation | International Standard defines: use of the view
37、points prescribed by the RM-ODP to structure UML system specifications; rules for expressing RM-ODP viewpoint languages and specifications with UML and UML extensions (e.g., UML profiles). It allows UML tools to be used to process viewpoint specifications, facilitating the software design process. C
38、urrently there is growing interest in the use of UML for system modelling. However, there is no widely agreed approach to the structuring of such specifications. This adds to the cost of adopting the use of UML for system specification, hampers communication between system developers and makes it di
39、fficult to relate or merge system specifications where there is a need to integrate IT systems. The RM-ODP defines essential concepts necessary to specify open distributed processing systems from five prescribed viewpoints and provides a framework for the structuring of specifications for distribute
40、d systems. However, the RM-ODP prescribes neither a notation, nor a model development method. This Recommendation | International Standard provides the necessary framework for ODP system specification using UML. It defines both a UML based notation for the expression of such specifications, and an a
41、pproach for structuring of them using the notation, thus providing the basis for model development methods. By defining how UML and UML extensions should be used to express RM-ODP viewpoint specifications, the standard enables the ODP viewpoints and ODP architecture to provide the needed framework f
42、or system specification using UML. This Recommendation | International Standard contains the following annexes: Annex A: An example of ODP specifications using UML; Annex B: An example of the representation of deontic concepts. These annexes are not normative. ISO/IEC 19793:2015 (E) Rec. ITU-T X.906
43、 (10/2014) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ITU-T RECOMMENDATION Information technology Open distributed processing Use of UML for ODP system specifications 1 Scope This Recommendation | International Standard defines use of the unified modelling language (UML 2.4.1 superstructure specification, ISO/IEC 195
44、05-2, for expressing system specifications in terms of the viewpoint specifications defined by the reference model of open distributed processing (RM-ODP, Rec. ITU-T X.901 to X.904 | ISO/IEC 10746 Parts 1 to 4) and the Enterprise Language (Rec. ITU-T X.911 | ISO/IEC 15414). It covers: a) the express
45、ion of a system specification in terms of RM-ODP viewpoint specifications using defined UML concepts and extensions (e.g., structuring rules, technology mappings, etc.); b) relationships between the resultant RM-ODP viewpoint specifications. This Recommendation | International Standard is intended f
46、or the following audiences: ODP modellers who want to use the UML notation for expressing their ODP specifications in a graphical and standard way; UML modellers who want to use the RM-ODP concepts and mechanisms to structure their UML system specifications; modelling tool suppliers, who wish to dev
47、elop UML-based tools that are capable of expressing RM-ODP viewpoint specifications. 2 Normative references The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At th
48、e time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendation
49、s and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of the ITU maintains a list of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards Recommendation ITU-T X.901 (1997) | ISO/IEC 10746-1:1998, Information technology Open Distributed Processing Reference Model: Overview. Recommendation ITU-T X.902 (2009) | ISO/IEC 10746-2:2010, Information technology Open Distr
