1、Information technology User interface guidelines on menu navigation Part 2: Navigation with 4-direction devices Technologies de linformation Directives sur la navigation dans les menus dinterfaces utilisateurs Partie 2: Navigation avec des commandes quadridirectionnelles INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/I
2、EC 17549-2 Reference number ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E) First edition 2015-05-01 ISO/IEC 2015 ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or
3、by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1
4、211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E) ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Conformity 1 4 T erms and definitions . 1 5 Basic consideration
5、s . 2 5.1 Common and general ergonomic aspects 2 5.2 Designing rendering (display screen, audio display, tactile display) . 3 5.2.1 Visual design of ladder menu 3 5.2.2 Visual designing of tile menu 3 6 Recommended practice on structure of and operation of ladder menus .4 6.1 Ladder structure 4 6.2
6、Recommended types of operation of the ladder menus for the hierarchy . 5 7 Recommended practices on structure of and operation of tile menus 8 7.1 Structure of tile menus . 8 7.2 Navigation for selecting tile menus . 8 7.3 Recommended types of operation of the tile menus for the hierarchy 9 Annex A
7、(informative) Advantages and disadvantages depending on navigation types .12 Annex B (normative) Recommendations according to typical cases .14 Bibliography .16 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization
8、) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to dea
9、l with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IE
10、C have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should
11、be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible f
12、or identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the
13、 convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: F
14、oreword Supplementary information. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 35, User interfaces. ISO/IEC 17549 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology User interface guidelines on menu navigation: Pa
15、rt 2: Navigation with 4-direction devices The following part is planned: Part 1: Framework and convergence mattersiv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E) Introduction Contemporary information equipment on which the display area is associated with 4-direction devices includes soph
16、isticated and complex functionalities within one piece of such equipment. The equipment needs to be operated in terms of changing default settings and to be customised for individual user. In such scenario, a 4-direction device is used to navigate menu shown in the display area, where the menu are n
17、ormally structured. This part of ISO/IEC 17549 intends to provide guidelines for design and use of menu structures, as well as recommended types of navigation with the 4-direction devices. Note that each figure in this document, although it is not always “image”, includes the alternative text(s) in
18、accordance with ISO/IEC/TS 20071-11. The alternative text(s) are information only. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved v Information technology User interface guidelines on menu navigation Part 2: Navigation with 4-direction devices 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 17549 gives guidelines on the design of n
19、avigation methods for selection menus with use of a 4-direction device. A 4-direction key is an example of a 4-direction device. The guidelines are applicable to any information equipment on which the display area is associated with the 4-direction device. This part of ISO/IEC 17549 also provides re
20、commendations for parameters for display screen settings, character sets, and languages in use. This part of ISO/IEC 17549 is not applicable to safety-related uses on menu navigation. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
21、 are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1503, Spatial orientation and direction of movement Ergonomic requirements ISO/IEC Guide 37, Ins
22、tructions for use of products by consumers. IEC 82079-1, Preparation of instructions for use Structuring, content and presentation Part 1: General principles and detailed requirements. 3 Conformity A navigation method is in conformity to this International Standard if it meets all requirements of 5.
23、1, 5.2.2, and 7.1 of this part of ISO/IEC 17549. 4 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.1 4-direction device set of physical controls, commonly keys, only one of which is activated at any time, consisting of up-, down-, left- and ri
24、ght controls for respective functionality 4.2 ladder menu list of items displayed vertically in one dimension, one of which to be selected INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E) ISO/IEC ISO pub-date year All rights reserved 1 ISO/IEC 17549-2:2015(E) 4.3 menu bar set of one dimensional menu
25、items that is always standing-by at the root of a menu hierarchy Note 1 to entry: A menu bar provides tabular functionality and it is different from a “rolling menu”. 4.4 focushighlighted result of action done by a user through an input device Note 1 to entry: If the number of keys is one, the actio
26、n is “next”. If the number of keys is two, the actions are “previous” and “next”. Selecting a key enables highlighting of the next item visually, auditorily, and or tactually to show the action can be activated. 4.5 activating action done by a user through a validation key, which enables activation
27、of a focus or an item pointed at 4.6 navigation history feedback visual, tactile and/or audio interface output displayed after a user navigation, which enables a user to know the paths he has already explored Note 1 to entry: For example, items already explored are highlighted in a different colour
28、if the user already navigated to there. 4.7 separator bar visual, tactile and/or audio interface output that is rendered in order to facilitate recognition of groups of items categorizations or the start or end of a list 4.8 sub-menu indicator visual, tactile and/or audio interface output that is re
29、ndered in order to facilitate navigation when a sub-list of items is available and which enables user to know if he is dealing with a navigation item or not 4.9 tile menu set of options displayed with a number of rows and columns, one of which to be selected 5 Basic considerations 5.1 Common and gen
30、eral ergonomic aspects The following basic ergonomic aspects are taken into account when designing the user interfaces where navigation with a 4-direction device is considered: a) users should be able to change menu languages at the highest level of menu hierarchy; b) control shall be consistent bot
31、h in design and operation including meeting requirements in ISO 1503; c) menu items should be in plain texts or comprehensible icons as far as applicable, and in agreement with the relevant provisions in ISO/IEC Guide 37 and IEC 82079-1; d) control shall be bidirectional and enable the user to retur
32、n to the previous operation; e) a clear feedback should be given when user is at the end of list and when he is at the start, and the end and start feedback should be different; f) for broad and deep menu lists, navigation history feedback shall be provided;2 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved ISO/IEC
33、 17549-2:2015(E) g) important and most frequently used menu items should be simple and comprehensible, and placed at the start of the list; h) a ladder menu including an item that should logically be first selected by a user should be short and such a menu item shall be placed as first item in the l
34、ist; i) in the case that a substantial number of options is required for an item of ladder menu, the most frequently selected option should be the default option; j) item categorisation that depends on functionality should be shown to user (separation bars, sounds); a sub-menu should present a title
35、 semantically linked to the upper-menu, and as far as possible all the cascading hierarchy should be showed to the user; k) the user interface should make a clear separation between navigation functions (browsing between items without any modification) and action functions (implying system modificat
36、ion, as adding something, deleting something, calling someone, activating something). Consequently items for navigation should be displayed differently from items for action; l) where possible hierarchies shall be organized to be broader than deeper. It has been shown 1)that a two level hierarchical
37、 menu (32 items at the first level and 16 for each sub-level) is better than a three level hierarchical menu (8 8 8). Moreover that 32 16 is better than 16 32; m) a list longer than three items should enable wrap-round manipulation. For example, scrolling beyond the end of the list should return to
38、or render the beginning of that list (see 5.2 for screen rendering this.); n) focusing rendering should be available through visual and audio information, and should also be available through tactile information as appropriate; o) separator bar rendering should be available through visual and audio
39、information; p) start/end list rendering should be available through tactile information; q) tactile display should be available at least for end/start feedback and item validation; r) each list element (items, feedbacks, separator bars, sub-menu indicators, focus indicators.) shall enable visual di
40、splay, audio display, and if possible tactile display; s) navigation items should be displayed through texts or icons, with an added visual icon (for example: the graphical symbol IEC 60417-5107B or the graphical symbol IEC 60417-5022), with audio alternative (specific sound such as bip, or sub-menu
41、, or link; t) the list of menu for attributes and the list of menu for selecting associated values should not be in the same list; and u) when user goes back in a hierarchical menu, the item selected from the upper menu shall be the one linked to the sub-menu previously selected. 5.2 Designing rende
42、ring (display screen, audio display, tactile display) 5.2.1 Visual design of ladder menu The provisions given in 5.1 apply. 5.2.2 Visual designing of tile menu Where a 4-direction device is used with a tile menu visible on a screen, design of the navigation through tile menus on the screen is an imp
43、ortant consideration. Guidance provided by this standard is limited 1) Miller, D. P . (1981). The depth/breadth tradeoff in hierarchical computer menus. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, 296-300.Parkinson, S.R., Sisson, N., b) moving from left to right shall be so that the user moves a highl
44、ighted item in the menu from left to right by pressing the right-key; c) moving from up to down shall be so that the user moves a highlighted item in the menu from up to down by clicking the down-key; and d) moving in zigzag way shall be so that the user moves a highlighted menu item in the shortest
45、 path between the initial and final menu items. 6 Recommended practice on structure of and operation of ladder menus 6.1 Ladder structure The ladder menus should be structured as shown in Figure 1 as an example, where the menu bar laid vertically at the top is optional. The lists of items depicted v
46、ertically are the ladder menus classified according to hierarchies. The highlighted ones are selected options among menu items. In most cases, one of the horizontal or vertical ladder menus is activated and shown on the screen. Focus on one of the menu items in the menu bar is moved by down- or up-k
47、eys, or left- or right-keys. Focus on one of the items in the ladder menu is moved by left- or right-keys, or up- or down-keys, respectively, depending on vertical or horizontal layouts. Among the ladder menus in the hierarchy, focus is moved by an up- or down key, or a left- or right key. In the ex
48、ample of Figure 1, when “Item 2” is focused by down- or up-key, the associated ladder menu to “Item 2” will pop-up (“Item 2.1,” “Item 2.2,” , and “Item 2.4”). Further when “Item 2.2” in the popped up ladder menu is selected and or activated, yet another ladder menu of the lower hierarchy (“Item 2.2.1,” “Item 2.2.2,” and “Item 2.2.4”) results, and so on.4 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved
