1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15963 Second edition 2009-09-01 Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Unique identification for RF tags Technologies de linformation Identification par radiofrquence pour la gestion
2、 des objets Identification unique des tags RF ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installe
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5、se inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfi
6、lm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC
7、2009 All rights reservedISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Abbreviated terms .3 5 Unique identifiers.3 6 Possible ways to uniquely identify an RF tag.4 6.1 Virtual ID .4 6
8、.2 Permanent unique ID.5 Annex A (normative) Numbering system of a permanent unique RF tag identifier (TID)6 Annex B (normative) ISO/IEC 7816-6 numbering systems for RFID 10 Annex C (normative) ISO 14816 Numbering and data structures .13 Annex D (normative) ISO/IEC 18000-6C or ISO/IEC 18000-3m3 numb
9、ering systems for RFID.15 Annex E (normative) INCITS 256 and INCITS 371 numbering systems.17 Bibliography 18 ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) iv ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the spe
10、cialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical
11、committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. Interna
12、tional Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting
13、. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
14、all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 15963:2009 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 15963:2004), which has been techni
15、cally revised. ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved v Introduction ISO/IEC 15963 is one of a series of International Standards and Technical Reports developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31 for the identification of items (Item Management) using radio frequency identification (RFID) techno
16、logy. ISO/IEC 15963 describes numbering systems for the unique identification of RF tags. It is intended for use in conjunction with other International Standards developed by SC 31 for “RFID for item management“ and “Real time locating systems” such as ISO/IEC 18000 and ISO/IEC 24730. INTERNATIONAL
17、 STANDARD ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved 1 Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Unique identification for RF tags 1 Scope This International Standard describes numbering systems that are available for the identification of RF tags. The uni
18、que ID can be used for the traceability of the integrated circuit itself for quality control in its manufacturing process, for the traceability of the RF tag during its manufacturing process and along its lifetime, for the completion of the reading in a multi-antenna configuration, by the anti-colli
19、sion mechanism to inventory multiple tags in the readers field of view, and for the traceability of the Item to which the RF tag is attached. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
20、 applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 19762-1, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC ISO/IEC 19762-3, Inform
21、ation technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 3: Radio frequency identification (RFID)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762-1, ISO/IEC 19762-3 and the following apply. 3.1
22、RF tag automatic identification and data capture device carrying data that can be queried by means of suitably modulated inductive or radiating electromagnetic carriers from an interrogator so as to transfer information to an information system NOTE RF tags include both RFID and RTLS transponders. 3
23、.2 RF tag unique identifier number that uniquely identifies an RF tag ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved3.3 RF tag issuer company or organization that allocates the RF tags to the items they identify 3.4 IC manufacturer company that manufactures the RF tag integrated circuit 3.
24、5 RF tag manufacturer company that manufactures the RF tag in a ready-to-use configuration 3.6 allocation class 8-bit value used to classify companies or organizations allowed to allocate unique tag identification 3.7 IC manufacturer registration number number allocated to IC manufacturers according
25、 to ISO/IEC 7816-6 or ANSI ASC INCITS T6 3.8 RF tag issuer registration number number allocated to RF tag issuers according to ISO 6346, ISO/TS 14816, GS1, or ANSI ASC INCITS T6 3.9 chip ID CID unique permanent ID of the integrated circuit in an RF tag NOTE The term unique identifier (UID) is deprec
26、ated. See tag ID, unique item identifier and object identifier. 3.10 tag ID TID unique permanent ID of the actual RF tag NOTE 1 May or may not be the same as the Chip ID. NOTE 2 There may be multiple chips within a tag. NOTE 3 The tag ID may identify the manufacturer of a completed tag device and co
27、nstituent parts of that tag NOTE 4 The term unique identifier (UID) is deprecated. See chip ID, unique item identifier and object identifier. 3.11 unique item identifier UII identification that uniquely identifies a specific entity during its life NOTE 1 An item ID may not change though the data car
28、rier may be used to identify a different item. In that case, the Item ID within the data carrier would change. NOTE 2 A DoD Unique Identifier “UID” and an “EPC” are both forms of Item ID. A GS1 SSCC is an example of a time limited Item ID (IID). A GS1 GRAI is an example of an Item ID (IID) assigned
29、to a returnable asset. A GS1 sGTIN is an example of an Item ID (IID) assigned to a commercial product. NOTE 3 The term unique identifier (UID) is deprecated. See chip ID, tag ID and object identifier. ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved 3 3.12 object identifier OID unambiguous ide
30、ntifier for an “Informational Object” that can identify a product, an organization, a person, a standard, a drawing, a (computer) file, etc. NOTE 1 In general an Object Identifier is associated with a type of object, and is used to label information on an instance of that type as such. NOTE 2 The te
31、rm unique identifier (UID) is deprecated. See chip ID, tag ID and unique item identifier. 4 Abbreviated terms AC Allocation Class AID Application Identifier ANS American National Standard ANSI American National Standards Institute ASC Accredited Standards Committee CID Chip Identifier GS1 a set of s
32、tandards administered by GS1 IC Integrated Circuit ID Identifier INCITS InterNational Committee for Information Technology Standards LSB Least Significant Bit MSB Most Significant Bit OID Object Identifier RFU Reserved for Future Use RTLS Real-Time Locating System TID Unique Tag Identifier UID Uniqu
33、e Identifier (as defined by the U.S. Department of Defense) UII Unique Item Identifier 5 Unique identifiers There are several types of identifiers associated with an RF tag. The most basic form is a chip ID (CID), which is assigned by the integrated circuit (I.C.) manufacturer to a specific semicond
34、uctor device at the time of manufacture in a manner that prevents it from being changed. Multiple semiconductor devices may be associated with a single RF tag, though one I.C. per tag is common. In such a case, the identity of the RF tag (TID) might simply assume the CID as its identity or it may as
35、sign an identifier distinct from the I.C. In many cases, and as a recommendation of this standard, the TID is assigned at the time of RF tag manufacture in a manner that prevents the TID from being changed. The RF tag is then attached to some item. In some implementations the TID might then become t
36、he unique item identifier (UII). In others, such as ISO/IEC 18000-6, Type C and ISO/IEC 18000-3, Mode 3 the UII is held in a separate part of memory and is written subsequent to being attached or associated with a specific item. The UII may either be locked or available for reprogramming. ISO/IEC 15
37、963:2009(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reservedGlobal uniqueness requires a central body (registration authority) to either assign manufacturer identities or to assign unique identities to various agencies that in turn assign manufacturer identities. Manufacturers then assign unique identification to
38、 the chip, tag, or item. This standard serves as the central body for assignment of unique identifiers to RF tags. This standard assigns various Allocation Classes to various agencies that issue manufacturer codes. Some tags only have identity down to a specific lot, batch, or mask identifier. Other
39、 tags, and as recommended by this standard, are serialized so that all RF tags are globally unique from all other RF tags. The combination of globally unique serialized tag (TID) programmed and locked at the time of manufacturer, with the unique item identifier (UII) programmed when attached or asso
40、ciated with a specific item and trusted trading partner communications are the cornerstones of several anti-counterfeiting techniques used within the supply chain. For anti-collision, inventorying, reading from, and writing to an RF tag, techniques exist to utilize the TID, UII, or a randomly genera
41、ted number. Neither the UII nor the randomly generated number provide life-cycle traceability for the RF tag. A TID does provide for such traceability 6 Possible ways to uniquely identify an RF tag When a unique identification of an RF tag is required, it can be done in several ways. The following s
42、ub- clauses list and explain some of them. 6.1 Virtual ID A virtual tag ID is a temporary ID based on tag parameters that may vary over the life of the tag. It may take several forms. A virtual ID is also known as a logical ID or a session ID. Several tags could have the same virtual ID at different
43、 times, but all tags at the same time for the same interrogator should have a different virtual ID, allowing an unambiguous identification of each tag at any time relative to any given interrogator. The technical means to achieve and guarantee such uniqueness is outside of the scope of this Internat
44、ional Standard. However clauses 6.1.1, 6.1.2, and 6.1.3 discuss possible approaches. 6.1.1 Data as a unique ID Data is a possible way to implement a virtual ID where the tag contains data that when read is unique in time and location to a single tag. An example is a tag that contains date and time i
45、nformation. The time information can be unique to a single tag from a manufacturer, but is not guaranteed to be unique over all tags at all times. Another situation is a closed application where tag data describes only one set of information. Taken globally, the tag bit pattern might be repeated, bu
46、t in a closed application the tag data uniquely identifies a single tag. 6.1.2 Time as a unique ID Time is a possible way to implement a virtual ID where bit patterns alone do not necessarily identify a single tag unambiguously. Tag response time slot can be part of a uniquely identifying parameter
47、set. For example, some tags use time slots to differentiate between several tags appearing to a reader at the same time. If these time slots are fixed for a single interrogation exchange, then the time slot may be used to help define a single tag at a particular time. NOTE If the time slots are rand
48、omly defined each time a tag responds, then time slots are not suitable for determining a unique tag ID. ISO/IEC 15963:2009(E) ISO/IEC 2009 All rights reserved 5 6.1.3 Position as a unique ID In some applications, tag position may define a unique tag ID at a particular time. For instance, some tags
49、have a read and write distance of only a few millimetres. In this case it is difficult to have more than one or two tags in the interrogation zone at any time. Thus any tag continually in the reading zone may be considered unique at that single time and location. A common example of this case is the tag used for fare collection on public transportation or telecommunication charges. 6.2 Permanent unique ID When a completely and globally unique ID is required, it shall be programmed into the tag, and therefore be
