1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15421 Second edition 2010-06-01 Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques Bar code master test specifications Technologies de linformation Techniques automatiques didentification et d
2、e capture des donnes Spcifications pour essai de base des codes barres ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are
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6、 photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published i
7、n Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Symbols2 5 Physical requirements 3 5.1 Material .3 5.2 Physical requirements controlled by
8、 the manufacturing process.3 5.3 Tolerances3 5.4 Bar edge characteristics.5 5.5 Defects5 5.6 Quiet zones 5 5.7 Corner marks .6 5.8 Optical densities6 5.9 Orientation .6 5.10 Polarity6 5.11 Encodation .6 5.12 Human readable interpretation 6 6 Test methods .7 6.1 Bar and space width measurement .7 6.2
9、 Test report and traceability 8 Annex A (informative) Optical density profiles9 ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) iv ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide
10、 standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fie
11、lds of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted
12、in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an Internati
13、onal Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/I
14、EC 15421 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 15421:2000), which has been technically revised. ISO/IEC 15421:2010(
15、E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction The technology of bar coding is based on the recognition of patterns encoded in bars and spaces of specified dimensions. A wide variety of methods exists by which these bar and space patterns can be reproduced as a physical image. Conventional printi
16、ng processes such as offset lithography, photogravure, letterpress, screen process, hot foil stamping and flexography require one or more intermediate image carriers, for example artwork, photographic film, printing plates or cylinders, screens or dies. The term bar code master refers to the first p
17、hysical image of the complete bar code symbol from which the other image carriers can be produced. Some processes directly create an image carrier without generating a master that would be covered by this International Standard. In order to make allowances for variability of the production processes
18、, and to ensure the correct encoding of the data to be represented, certain procedures need to be performed during the preparation of the bar code master. This International Standard does not define the procedures but states the requirements for a bar code master. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 1542
19、1:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved 1Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques Bar code master test specifications 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements and test methods for physical and related attributes of a bar code master. It cov
20、ers all forms of bar code master, irrespective of the mode of origination of the initial image, intended for reproduction by conventional printing processes. This International Standard does not cover processes in which there is no master, such as computer to plate (CTP). 2 Normative references The
21、following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5-3, Photography and graphic technology Density m
22、easurements Part 3: Spectral conditions ISO 18911, Imaging materials Processed safety photographic films Storage practices ISO/IEC 19762-1, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC ISO/IEC 19762-2,
23、 Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 2: Optically readable media (ORM) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762-1, ISO/IEC 19762-2 and the following apply. 3.1
24、 achieved bar width difference average difference in width between specified and actual dimensions, for all bars within the symbol 3.2 bar edge junction between a bar and space in a bar code symbol 3.3 bar edge conformance accuracy with which a bar edge or part of a bar edge is located, relative to
25、its specified location 3.4 bar edge contour line joining all bar/space transitions at all points along the height of a bar ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved3.5 bar edge gradient rate of change in optical density at a bar edge per unit distance, measured from the optical densit
26、y profile 3.6 base density lowest optical density of the bar code master material 3.7 negative image image where the bars are of low optical density and the spaces are of high optical density 3.8 nominal bar width EAN/UPC symbols reference bar width defined by the symbology specification at a magnif
27、ication of 1,0, with which other bar widths included in the symbology specification are compared or related 3.9 optical density profile continuous plot of the optical density of the image of a bar code master, constructed from measurements of optical density made at micrometric intervals of distance
28、, along a line which passes at a right angle through all of the bars of the symbol NOTE See Annex A. 3.10 polarity negative or positive property of an image 3.11 positive image image where the bars are of high optical density and the spaces are of low optical density 3.12 specified bar width EAN/UPC
29、 symbols nominal bar width modified by a magnification factor and bar width adjustment, if applicable, i.e. (NOMINAL multiplied by MAGNIFICATION) BAR WIDTH ADJUSTMENT 3.13 specified bar width non-EAN/UPC symbols X-dimension multiplied by the ratio or number of modules, as appropriate, modified by ba
30、r width adjustment, if applicable, i.e. (X multiplied by RATIO) BAR WIDTH ADJUSTMENT, or (X multiplied by NO. OF MODULES) BAR WIDTH ADJUSTMENT 4 Symbols D optical density, as defined in ISO 5-3 ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved 35 Physical requirements 5.1 Material A bar code ma
31、ster shall be produced on material which conforms to the following physical requirements. 5.1.1 Dimensional stability The finished bar code master shall be such that dimensional variations due to changes in ambient conditions do not exceed: 0,01 per cent per 1 % change in relative humidity (RH); 0,0
32、1 per cent per 1 C change in temperature. Dimensional stability requirements shall be satisfied within the temperature range of 0 C to 60 C and the relative humidity range of 10 % to 70 %. Samples shall be measured as specified in 6.1 and at the specified temperature and relative humidity. 5.1.2 Arc
33、hival properties For optimum life, a bar code master (produced on photographic film) shall be properly stored and used in controlled conditions which are in accordance with ISO 18911. 5.2 Physical requirements controlled by the manufacturing process 5.2.1 Target bar width When measured according to
34、the methods described in Clause 6, the width of each element of the bar code master shall equal the target width for that element, subject to the tolerances defined in 5.3. 5.2.2 Bar width adjustment Bar width adjustment shall be applied uniformly and symmetrically to every bar throughout the symbol
35、. NOTE In consequence, where bar width increase is applied, the widths of spaces will also be reduced by an equal amount, and vice versa. 5.3 Tolerances The achieved bar widths measured according to the methods of Clause 6 shall be compared with the target bar widths of the symbology. 5.3.1 Toleranc
36、e A - all symbologies The achieved bar width difference of a symbol shall be 0,008 mm. The achieved bar width difference of the symbol shall be determined by the method specified in 6.1.2. 5.3.2 Tolerance B - two width symbologies The achieved width of individual bars and spaces in a symbol shall be
37、 subject to Tolerance B. Tolerance B equals 4 % times the nominal X-dimension of the symbol for symbols with X-dimension less than 0,5 mm. ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reservedSee Figure 1. Figure 1 Measurements for ratio-based symbologies For ratio-based symbologies, bar and spac
38、e widths are individually subject to Tolerance B. Cumulative widths of successive combinations of bars and spaces are also subject to Tolerance B. 5.3.3 Tolerance C - (n,k) symbologies The achieved widths of individual bars and spaces in a symbol or any consecutive bar and space combination within a
39、 character shall be subject to Tolerance C. Tolerance C equals 4 % times the nominal X-dimension of the symbol for symbols with X-dimension less than 0,33 mm. See Figure 2. Figure 2 Measurements for (n, k) symbologies For (n, k) symbologies, bar and space widths are subject to Tolerance C. The cumul
40、ative widths of successive combinations of bars and spaces are also subject to Tolerance C. ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved 55.3.4 Tolerance D - all symbologies The overall achieved width of a character shall be subject to Tolerance D. Tolerance D equals 0,013 mm See Figure 3.
41、 Figure 3 Symbol character pitch measurement (all symbologies) For all symbologies, the symbol character pitch P is subject to Tolerance D. 5.4 Bar edge characteristics 5.4.1 Bar edge uniformity The bar edge contour should be straight, typically 0,002 mm. 5.4.2 Bar edge gradient The slope of the lin
42、e joining intersections on the density profile plot at the specified densities of Table 1 ii) and iii), shall be not less than that specified in Table 1 iv). See Figure 2. 5.5 Defects There shall be no spots in low density areas or voids in high density areas which, regardless of shape, would includ
43、e a circle of 0,010 mm diameter. 5.6 Quiet zones The quiet zones for symbols shall be at least the minimum specified by the symbology specification. To avoid quiet zone errors the tolerance of the printing and manufacturing process of the final product shall be compensated for by adding to the minim
44、um quiet zone width NOTE In order to ensure that the minimum quiet zones are respected when printing or positioning the symbol (e.g. to compensate for print growth or to allow registration of the bar code symbol position relative to other graphics or label edges), adjustment of the position of any g
45、raphical mark on the bar code master adjacent to the quiet zone boundary may be required. ISO/IEC 15421:2010(E) 6 ISO/IEC 2010 All rights reserved5.7 Corner marks When the bar code master is supplied as a discrete component, corner marks shall be applied to indicate the minimum area required for the
46、 bar code symbol, including quiet zones. This area shall not be encroached on by other design detail. 5.8 Optical densities 5.8.1 Minimum density, D minThe optical density values of low density areas shall not exceed that given in Table 1 v). 5.8.2 Maximum density, D maxThe optical density values of
47、 high density areas shall not be less than that given in Table 1 vi). 5.9 Orientation The orientation of a film-based bar code master shall be specified as emulsion up or emulsion down. 5.10 Polarity The polarity of a bar code master shall be specified as positive or negative. 5.11 Encodation For a
48、bar code master, the image shall be composed by a method which ensures that the encodation rules of the symbology specification are followed. Where an application specification requires that data be modified before encodation in the bar code master, the logical rules defined by the application speci
49、fication shall be implemented for this procedure. 5.12 Human readable interpretation The human readable interpretation of the data encoded in the bar code master shall conform to the requirements of the symbology or application specification to which it is manufactured. Table 1 Reference density values OPTICAL DENSITIES PARAMETER TRANSMISSION REFLECTION i) Density threshold level at which bar edge position is determined a0,50 0,40 ii) MIN 0,10 0,10 iii) Density level
