1、 Reference number ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 10995 Second edition 2011-06-15Information technology Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage Test method for the estimation of the archival lifetime of optical media Technologies de linformat
2、ion Supports enregistrs numriquement pour lchange et le stockage dinformation Mthode dessai pour lestimation de la dure de vie darchivage des supports optiques ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication
3、 may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 T
4、el. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reservedISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction iv 1 Scope 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references 2 4 T
5、erms and definitions . 2 5 Conventions and notations 3 5.1 Representation of numbers 3 5.2 Names . 3 6 Abbreviated terms . 3 7 Measurements . 4 7.1 Summary 4 7.2 Test specimen 5 7.3 Recording conditions 5 7.4 Playback conditions 6 7.5 Disk testing locations . 6 8 Accelerated stress test . 7 8.1 Gene
6、ral . 7 8.2 Stress conditions 7 8.3 Measuring Time intervals . 9 8.4 Stress Conditions Design . 9 8.5 Media Orientation 9 9 Data Evaluation 9 9.1 Time-to-failure 9 9.2 Eyring acceleration model (Eyring Method) . 10 9.3 Data analysis 10 Annex A (normative) Data Analysis Steps Outline for Calculation
7、of Media Life 11 Annex B (normative) Analysis for Calculation of Media Life . 12 Annex C (normative) Uncontrolled Ambient Condition Media Life Calculation . 22 Annex D (informative) Truncated Test Method (Determination of Media Life Lower Bound) . 23 Annex E (informative) Relation between BER and PI
8、 Sum 8 26 Bibliography 27 ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) iv ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
9、ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizati
10、ons, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Dire
11、ctives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of th
12、e national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 10995 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-3
13、79) and was adopted, under a special “fast- track procedure“, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with its approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 10995:2008), which has been technical
14、ly revised. ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved vIntroduction Markets and industry have developed the common understanding that the property referred to as the archival life of data recorded to optical media plays an increasingly important role for the intended applications. The e
15、xisting standard test methodologies for recordable media include Magneto Optical media and recordable compact disk systems. It was agreed that the project represented by this document be undertaken in order to provide a methodology that includes the testing of newer, currently available products. Th
16、e Optical Storage Technology Association (OSTA) initiated work on this subject and developed the initial drafts. Following that development, the project was moved to Ecma International Technical Committee TC 31 for further development and finalization. OSTA and Ecma wish to thank the members and org
17、anizations in NIST, CDs21 Solutions, and DCAj for their support of the development of this document. ECMA-379 1 stEdition was fast-tracked to ISO/IEC JTC 1 in August 2007 and during this process its editorial content was slightly modified. The approved International Standard was published as ISO/IEC
18、 10995:2008 in April 2008. ECMA-379 2 ndEdition is technically identical with ISO/IEC 10995:2008. ECMA-379 3 rdEdition is an editorial amendment including corrections of some calculations, and the Bootstrap method has been deleted. Although the Bootstrap method poses no problem in itself, miscalcula
19、tion might be caused depending on the data set conditions. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 1Information technology Digitally recorded media for information interchange and storage Test method for the estimation of the archival lifetime of optical media 1
20、 Scope This International Standard specifies an accelerated aging test method for estimating the life expectancy for the retrievability of information stored on recordable or rewritable optical disks. This test includes details on the following formats: DVD-R/-RW/-RAM, +R/+RW. It can be applied to a
21、dditional optical disk formats with the appropriate specification substitutions and can be updated in the future as required. This International Standard includes stress conditions, assumptions, ambient conditions, controlled storage conditions, e.g. 25 C and 50 % RH, using the Eyring model, uncontr
22、olled storage conditions, e.g. 30 C and 80 % RH, using the Arrhenius model, evaluation system description, specimen preparation, data acquisition procedure, and data interpretation. The methodology includes only the effects of temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). It does not attempt to model
23、degradation due to complex failure mechanism kinetics, nor does it test for exposure to light, corrosive gases, contaminants, handling, and variations in playback subsystems. Disks exposed to these additional sources of stress or higher levels of T and RH are expected to experience shorter usable li
24、fetimes. 2 Conformance Media tested by this methodology shall conform to all normative references specific to that media format. ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved3 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. F
25、or dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 12862:2009, Information technology 120 mm (8,54 Gbytes per side) and 80 mm (2,66 Gbytes per side) DVD recordable disk for dual layer
26、(DVD-R for DL) (ECMA-382) ISO/IEC 13170:2009, Information technology 120 mm (8,54 Gbytes per side) and 80 mm (2,66 Gbytes per side) DVD re-recordable disk for dual layer (DVD-RW for DL) (ECMA-384) ISO/IEC 16448:2002, Information technology 120 mm DVD Read-only disk (ECMA-267) ISO/IEC 16449:2002, Inf
27、ormation technology 80 mm DVD Read-only disk (ECMA-268) ISO/IEC 17341:2009, Information technology Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +RW format Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 4X) (ECMA-337) ISO/IEC 17342:2004, Information technology 80 mm (
28、1,46 Gbytes per side) and 120 mm (4,70 Gbytes per side) DVD re-recordable disk (DVD-RW) (ECMA-338) ISO/IEC 17344:2009, Information technology Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +R format Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 16X) (ECMA-349) ISO/IEC
29、 17592:2004, Information technology 120 mm (4,7 Gbytes per side) and 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) DVD rewritable disk (DVD-RAM) (ECMA-330) ISO/IEC 23912:2005, Information technology 80 mm (1,46 Gbytes per side) and 120 mm (4,70 Gbytes per side) DVD Recordable Disk (DVD-R) (ECMA-359) ISO/IEC 25434:20
30、08, Information technology Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +R DL format Capacity: 8,55 Gbytes and 2,66 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 16X) (ECMA-364) ISO/IEC 26925:2009, Information technology Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +RW HS format Capac
31、ity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed 8X) (ECMA-371) ISO/IEC 29642:2009, Information technology Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using +RW DL format Capacity: 8,55 Gbytes and 2,66 Gbytes per side (recording speed 2,4X) (ECMA-374) 4 Terms and definitions For the p
32、urposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 4.1 archival (lifetime) ability of a medium or system to maintain the retrievability of recorded information for a specified extended period of years 4.2 Arrhenius method accelerated aging model based on the effects of temperature
33、4.3 baseline initial test analysis measurements (e.g. initial error rate) after recording and before exposure to a stress condition; measurement at stress time t=0 hours ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 34.4 Eyring method accelerated aging model based on the effects of temperat
34、ure and relative humidity 4.5 error rate rate of errors on the sample disk measured before error correction is applied 4.6 incubation process of enclosing and maintaining controlled test sample environments 4.7 life expectancy LE estimation of the length of time that information is predicted to be r
35、etrievable in a system while in a specified environmental condition 4.8 maximum error rate maximum of the error rate measured anywhere in one of the relevant areas on the disk. NOTE For DVD-R/RW and +R/+RW, this is the Maximum PI Sum 8; for DVD-RAM, this is the Maximum BER. 4.9 retrievability abilit
36、y to recover physical information as recorded 4.10 stress temperature and relative humidity variables to which the sample is exposed for the duration of test incubation intervals 4.11 system combination of hardware, software, storage medium and documentation used to record, retrieve and reproduce in
37、formation 5 Conventions and notations 5.1 Representation of numbers A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. For instance, it implies that a specified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of +0,01 and a negative tolerance of 0,02 allows
38、a range of measured values from 1,235 to 1,275. 5.2 Names The names of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, zones, etc. are given a capital initial. 6 Abbreviated terms BER byte error rate LE life expectancy PI parity (of the) inner (code) ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved7
39、 Measurements 7.1 Summary 7.1.1 Stress Incubation and Measuring A sampling of disks will be measured at 4 stress conditions plus a control disk at room ambient condition. A minimum number of 20 disks will be included as a group for each stress condition as shown in Table 2. Each stress conditions to
40、tal time will be divided into interval time periods. Each disk in each group of disks will have their initial error rates measured before their exposure to stress conditions. Thereafter, each disk will be measured for its error rate after each stress condition incubation time interval. The control d
41、isk will also be measured following each incubation time interval. 7.1.2 Assumptions This International Standard makes the following assumptions for applicability of media to be tested specimen life distribution is appropriately modeled by a statistical distribution, the Eyring model can be used to
42、model acceleration with both stresses involved (temperature and relative humidity), the dominant failure mechanism acting at the usage condition is the same as that at the accelerated conditions, the compatibility of the disk and drive combination will affect the disks initial recording quality and
43、the resulting archival test outcome, a hardware and software system needed to read the disk will be available at the time the retrievability of the information is attempted, the recorded format will be recognizable and interpretable by the reading software. 7.1.3 Error Rate Of all specimen media the
44、 Error rate shall be measured in the disk testing locations as defined in 7.5. For each sample the Maximum error rate shall be determined. Each DVD-R/RW, +R/+RW disk will have its maximum PI Sum 8 (Max PI Sum 8) determined. Each DVD-RAM disk will have its maximum byte error rate (Max BER) determined
45、. Other disk formats not referenced in this document will have the maximum of their defined error rates determined. Data collected at each time interval for each individual disk are then used to determine the estimated lifetime for that disk at that stress condition. 7.1.3.1 PI Sum 8 Per ISO/IEC 164
46、48:2002, a row in an ECC block that has at least 1 byte in error constitutes a PI error. PI Sum 8 is measured over 8 ECC blocks. In any 8 consecutive ECC blocks the total number of PI errors, also called PI Sum 8, before error correction shall not exceed 280. ISO/IEC 10995:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All r
47、ights reserved 57.1.3.2 BER The number of erroneous symbols shall be measured at any in consecutive 32 ECC blocks in the first pass of the decoder before correction. The BER is the number of erroneous symbols divided by the total number of symbols included in the 32 consecutive ECC blocks. The maxim
48、um value of the BER measured over the area specified in 7.5 shall not exceed 10 -3(See Annex E). 7.1.4 Data Quality Data quality is checked by plotting the median rank of the estimated time to failure values with a best fit line for each stress condition. The lines are then checked for reasonable pa
49、rallelism. 7.1.5 Regression The mean lifetimes are regressed against temperature and relative humidity according to an Eyring acceleration model. 7.2 Test specimen The disk sample set shall represent the construction, materials, manufacturing process, quality and variation of the final process output. Consideration shall be made to shelf life. Disks with longer shelf time before recording and testing may impact test results. Shelf time shall be representativ
