1、 Reference number ISO 5130:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5130 Second edition 2007-06-01 Acoustics Measurements of sound pressure level emitted by stationary road vehicles Acoustique Mesurages du niveau de pression acoustique mis par les vhicules routiers en stationnement ISO 5130:2007(E
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5、RIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below
6、 or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedISO 5130:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii
7、Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Instrumentation. 2 4.1 Instrumentation for acoustical measurement 2 4.2 Instrumentation for engine-speed measurement 3 5 Acoustical environment, meteorological conditions and background noise
8、 3 5.1 Test site . 3 5.2 Meteorological conditions . 3 5.3 Background noise. 3 6 Test procedure 3 6.1 General comments 3 6.2 Positioning and preparation of the vehicle 4 6.3 Microphone position. 4 6.4 Target engine speed. 10 6.5 Engine operating conditions . 10 6.6 Multi-mode exhaust system. 10 7 Me
9、asurements. 10 8 Interpretation of results 11 9 Measurement uncertainty 11 10 Test report . 12 Annex A (informative) Technical background information 13 Annex B (informative) Measurement uncertainty Framework for uncertainty analysis based on ISO Guide 98. 14 Bibliography . 17 ISO 5130:2007(E) iv IS
10、O 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
11、in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commi
12、ssion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technica
13、l committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shal
14、l not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5130 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 5130:1982), which has been technically revised. ISO 5130:2007(E) ISO 2
15、007 All rights reserved v Introduction This sound pressure level measurement procedure has been developed for use in the engineering evaluation of the sound pressure level performance of road vehicles in the vicinity of the exhaust systems. The method is intended to check vehicles in use and also to
16、 determine variations in the exhaust sound pressure level that can result from the wear, maladjustment or modification of particular components, when the defect does not appear by visual inspection; the partial or complete removal of devices reducing the emission of certain sound pressure levels. It
17、 is possible to determine some of these variations by comparing the measurements with reference measurements made under similar conditions, for example during the type approval of the vehicle, using the same method. Other variations can be detected only when the engine is operated at a realistic loa
18、d. The document incorporates certain provisions of SAE J1492:1998-05, for measuring the sound pressure levels of exhaust systems of passenger cars and light trucks. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5130:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Acoustics Measurements of sound pressure level emitted by statio
19、nary road vehicles 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a test procedure, environment and instrumentation for measuring the exterior sound pressure levels from road vehicles under stationary conditions, providing a continuous measure of the sound pressure level over a range of engine speeds
20、. This International Standard applies only to road vehicles of categories L, M and N equipped with internal combustion engines. The method is designed to meet the requirements of simplicity as far as they are consistent with reproducibility of results under the operating conditions of the vehicle. I
21、t is within the scope of this International Standard to measure the stationary A-weighted sound pressure level during type approval measurements of vehicle; measurements at the manufacturing stage; measurements at official testing stations; measurements at roadside testing. This International Standa
22、rd specifies neither a method to check the exhaust sound pressure level when the engine is operated at realistic loads nor a method to check the exhaust sound pressure levels against a general noise limit for categories of road vehicles. Technical background information is given in Annex A. 2 Normat
23、ive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5725 (all parts), Accuracy (tr
24、ueness and precision) of measurement methods and results IEC 60942, Electroacoustics Sound calibrators IEC 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: Specifications ISO Guide 98, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) ISO 5130:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3 Te
25、rms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 vehicle category L motor vehicles with fewer than four wheels NOTE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN ECE) document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.4 (26 April 2005) extended the L categor
26、y to four-wheeled vehicles as defined by L6 and L7 in ISO 362-1:, 3.4.1.5 and 3.4.1.6. 3.2 vehicle category M power-driven vehicles having at least four wheels and used for the carriage of passengers 3.3 vehicle category N power-driven vehicles having at least four wheels and used for the carriage o
27、f goods 3.4 rated engine speed S engine speed at which the engine develops its rated maximum net power as stated by the manufacturer NOTE 1 If the rated maximum net power is reached at several engine speeds, the S used in this International Standard is the highest engine speed at which the rated max
28、imum net power is reached. NOTE 2 ISO 80000-2 defines this term as “rated engine rotational frequency”. The term “rated engine speed” was retained due to its common understanding by practitioners and use in government regulations. 4 Instrumentation 4.1 Instrumentation for acoustical measurement 4.1.
29、1 General The sound level meter or equivalent measuring system, including the windscreen recommended by the manufacturer, shall meet the requirements of class 1 instruments, in accordance with IEC 61672-1. The measurements shall be made using the frequency-weighting A, and the time-weighting F. 4.1.
30、2 Calibration At the beginning and at the end of every measurement session, the entire measuring system shall be checked by means of a sound calibrator that fulfils the requirements for sound calibrators of class 1 in accordance with IEC 60942. Without any further adjustment, the difference between
31、the readings of two consecutive checks shall be less than or equal to 0,5 dB. If this value is exceeded, the results of the measurements obtained after the previous satisfactory check shall be discarded. 4.1.3 Compliance with requirements Compliance of the instrumentation system with the requirement
32、s of IEC 61672-1 and compliance of the sound calibration device with the requirements of IEC 60942 shall be verified by the existence of a valid certificate of compliance. These certificates shall be deemed to be valid if verification of compliance with the respective standards was conducted within
33、the previous 24 months for the instrumentation system and 12 months for the sound calibration device. All compliance testing shall be conducted by a laboratory that is authorized to perform calibrations traceable to the appropriate standards. ISO 5130:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 4.2 Instr
34、umentation for engine-speed measurement The rotational speed of the engine shall be measured with an instrument meeting the specification limits of at least 2 % or better at the engine speeds required for the measurements being performed. 5 Acoustical environment, meteorological conditions and backg
35、round noise 5.1 Test site A suitable test site shall be outdoors and consist of a level concrete, dense asphalt or similar hard material flat surface, free from snow, grass, loose soil, ashes or other sound-absorbing material. It shall be in an open space free from large reflecting surfaces, such as
36、 parked vehicles, buildings, billboards, trees, shrubbery, parallel walls, people, etc., within a 3 m radius from the microphone location and any point of the vehicle. As an alternative to outdoor testing, a semi-anechoic chamber may be used. The semi-anechoic chamber shall fulfill the acoustical re
37、quirements given above. These requirements shall be met if the testing facility meets the 3 m distance criteria above and has a cut-off frequency below the lower of one-third-octave band below the lowest fundamental frequency of the engine during test; 100 Hz. NOTE The noise performance of indoor te
38、sting facilities is specified in terms of the cut-off frequency (Hz). This is the frequency above which the room can be assumed to act as a semi-anechoic space. 5.2 Meteorological conditions The tests shall not be carried out if the wind speed, including gusts, exceeds 5 m/s during the sound-measure
39、ment interval. 5.3 Background noise Readings on the measuring instruments produced by ambient noise and wind shall be at least 10 dB below the A-weighted sound pressure level to be measured. A suitable windscreen may be fitted to the microphone, provided that account is taken of its effect on the se
40、nsitivity of the sound level meter. 6 Test procedure 6.1 General comments It is essential that persons technically trained and experienced in current sound measurement techniques select the test instrumentation and conduct the test. It should be recognized that variations in measured sound pressure
41、levels can occur due to variations in test sites, atmospheric conditions and test equipment; see Annex B. Instrument manufacturers specification for orientation of the microphone relative to the sound source and the location of the observer relative to the microphone shall be followed. The test may
42、be performed with a hand- held sound level meter. However, the sound level meter or microphone should be mounted on a stand or fixture for stability; see Clause 9. When possible, a microphone extension cable should be used and measurement or recording devices should be located away from the micropho
43、ne. CAUTION Caution should be exercised when measuring rear- and mid-engine vehicles because engine and cooling-fan noise can prevent accurate measurement of exhaust noise. ISO 5130:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reserved6.2 Positioning and preparation of the vehicle The vehicle transmission shall be
44、 in neutral position and the clutch engaged, or in parking position for automatic transmission, and the parking brake applied for safety. The vehicle air conditioner, if equipped, shall be turned off. If the vehicle is fitted with fan(s) having an automatic actuating mechanism, this system shall not
45、 be interfered with during the sound pressure level measurements. The engine hood or compartment cover shall be closed. Before each series of measurements, the engine shall be brought to its normal operating temperature, as specified by the manufacturer. In case of a two-wheeled motor-driven vehicle
46、 having no neutral gear position, measurements shall be carried out with the rear wheel raised off the ground so that the wheel can rotate freely. If it is necessary to raise a two-wheeled vehicle off the ground to perform the test, the microphone measurement position shall be adjusted to achieve th
47、e specified distance from the reference point of the exhaust pipe; see Figure 1 for the location of the reference points. 6.3 Microphone position The microphone shall be located at a distance of 0,5 m 0,01 m from the reference point of the exhaust pipe defined in Figure 1 and at an angle of 45 5 to
48、the vertical plane containing the flow axis of the pipe termination. The microphone shall be at the height of the reference point, but not less than 0,2 m from the ground surface. The reference axis of the microphone shall lie in a plane parallel to the ground surface and shall be directed towards t
49、he reference point on the exhaust outlet. If two microphone positions are possible, the location farthest laterally from the vehicle longitudinal centreline shall be used. If the flow axis of the exhaust outlet pipe is at 90 to the vehicle longitudinal centreline, the microphone shall be located at the point that is the furthest from the engine. If a vehicle has two or more exhaust outlets spaced less than 0,3 m apart and connected to a single silencer, only one measurement shall be made. The microphone shall
