1、INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO4630-1First edition2004-11-15Reference numberISO 4630-1:2004(E) ISO 2004Clear liquids Estimation of colour by the Gardner colour scale Part 1:Visual methodLiquides clairs valuation de la couleur au moyen de lchelle Gardner Partie 1: Mthode visuelleCopyright International Orga
2、nization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E)ii ISO 2004 All rights reservedPDF disclaimerThis PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing po
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7、749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved
8、iiiContents Page1 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Principle 14 Apparatus and materials . 15 Sampling . 36 Procedure . 37 Expression of results 38 Precision . 39 Test report 4Annex A (normative) Calculating chromaticity coordinates for Gardner colour standards 5Annex B (normative) Liquid Gardner col
9、our standards . 6Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E)iv ISO 2004 All rights reservedForewordISO (the International Organization for Stand
10、ardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to
11、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standard
12、s are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as anInternatio
13、nal Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 4630-1 was prep
14、ared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Subcommittee SC 10,Test methods for binders for paints and varnishes, in collaboration with ASTM D 01.34, Naval stores. It hasbeen harmonized with ASTM D 1544-98, Standard Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner ColorScale).I
15、t cancels and replaces ISO 4630:1997, which has been technically revised. The main changes are that thechromaticity coordinates and luminous transmittances are now used as reference standards instead of liquidstandards and that the conversion procedure for glass test tubes having an inside diameter
16、other than(10,65 0,025) mm has been deleted.ISO 4630 consists of the following parts, under the general title Clear liquids Estimation of colour by theGardner colour scale: Part 1: Visual method Part 2: Spectrophotometric methodCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by I
17、HS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4630-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1Clear liquids Estimation of colour by the Gardner colour scale Part 1:Visual method1ScopeThis part of ISO 4630 specifie
18、s a method for estimating, by means of the Gardner colour scale, the colour ofclear, yellow/brown liquid products using colour-measuring instruments. The results might be invalid if otherproducts are tested.It is applicable to drying oils, varnishes and solutions of fatty acids, polymerized fatty ac
19、ids, resins, tall oil, tall oilfatty acids, rosin and related products.It is applicable to products having colours from Gardner 1 to Gardner 18. The Gardner scale is not applicable toproducts with colours lighter than 1 or darker than 18.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are i
20、ndispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document(including any amendments) applies.ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methodsISO 15528, Paint
21、s, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes SamplingCIE Publication No. 15.2, Colorimetry3 PrincipleThe colour of a sample of the product under examination is viewed in a glass tube of standard diameter andvisually compared with the colours of arbitrarily numbered colour standards. The s
22、tandard that most closelymatches the colour of the test sample is identified and the result is expressed in terms of a number on theGardner colour scale.4 Apparatus and materials4.1 Gardner colour standards.4.1.1 Reference standardsThe chromaticity coordinates and luminous transmittances specified i
23、n Table 1 are required as referencestandards for calibration.Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E)2 ISO 2004 All rights reservedColour sta
24、ndards that do not conform to the requirements in Table 1 shall be rejected.4.1.2 Working standardsUsed as working standards are 18 glass or liquid standards having chromaticity coordinates that differ fromthose of reference standards by not more than one-third of the difference in or (see Table 1)
25、betweenadjacent reference standards.In any one set of working standards, no two standards shall be closer together than two-thirds of the differencein or between the corresponding reference standards.The luminous transmittance shall be as specified in Table 1.In cases of dispute, only reference stan
26、dards (4.1.1) shall be used.The standards shall be mounted in such a way that they can be conveniently handled and allow simultaneousviewing of two adjacent standards in the colour comparator (4.3).When using liquid working standards coloured solutions contained in glass tubes (4.2) they shall beche
27、cked by the method specified in Annex A.Potassium hexachloroplatinate(IV) solutions are used for the lighter standards (1 to 8), and solutions of iron(III)chloride and cobalt(II) chloride in hydrochloric acid are used for the darker standards (9 to 18).The compositions of the liquid standards are sp
28、ecified in Annex B.4.2 Glass test tubes, clear, colourless, round, preferably of inside diameter , outsidediameter about and outside length about .4.3 Colour comparator, providing uniform illumination and permitting simultaneous visual comparison oflight transmitted through two colour standards and
29、through a sample in a test tube in the transverse direction.Table 1 Colour specifications for reference standardsGardner colour standard numberChromaticity coordinatesLuminous transmittance, Tolerance on transmittance1 0,317 7 0,330 3 80 72 0,323 3 0,335 2 79 73 0,332 9 0,345 2 76 64 0,343 7 0,364 4
30、 75 55 0,355 8 0,384 0 74 46 0,376 7 0,406 1 71 47 0,404 4 0,435 2 67 48 0,420 7 0,449 8 64 49 0,434 3 0,464 0 61 410 0,450 3 0,476 0 57 411 0,484 2 0,481 8 45 412 0,507 7 0,463 8 36 513 0,539 2 0,445 8 30 614 0,564 6 0,427 0 22 615 0,585 7 0,408 9 16 216 0,604 7 0,392 1 11 117 0,629 0 0,370 1 6 118
31、 0,647 7 0,352 1 4 1Yxy% () %xyxy(10,650 0,025) mm12,5 mm 114 mmCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 3The ap
32、paratus may be of any design but shall have the following characteristics:4.3.1 IlluminationCIE illuminant C.4.3.2 Surrounding fieldThe surrounding field shall not differ significantly in brightness from the samples and standards and shall beessentially achromatic.4.3.3 Field of viewThe field of vie
33、w shall be wide enough to enable two standards and a test sample to be viewed.4.3.4 Arrangement of standards and sampleThere shall be a perceptible gap between the test sample and each standard, but this shall be as small aspossible.5 SamplingTake a representative sample of the product to be tested,
34、 as described in ISO 15528.6 ProcedureIf the material shows any visual haziness, remove the haze by filtration, centrifugation, heating, ultrasonictreatment or any other suitable means (see Note).If the haziness cannot be removed, the measured value will be unreliable and too high, and therefore unu
35、sable.Fill a clean test tube (4.2) to a height of at least with a test sample. Avoid creating air bubbles when fillingthe tube. If air bubbles are formed and remain trapped, remove them by heating, vacuum, ultrasonic treatmentor any other suitable means (see Note).NOTE Some sample pretreatments can
36、change the colour.Place the test tube with the test sample in the sample compartment of the colour comparator (4.3). Switch onthe light source and compare simultaneously the colour of the test sample with the colours of two adjacentstandards, at a viewing distance of between and .Determine which sta
37、ndard most closely matches the test sample in colour, ignoring any differences of hue.7 Expression of resultsExpress the colour of the test sample as the number of the Gardner colour standard most closely matching thecolour of the test sample. If more precise colour numbers are needed, report as lig
38、hter than, matching or darkerthan the standard, for example report as 5, , or 6 if the colour of the test sample is between 5 and 6.8Precision8.1 Repeatability limit ()The repeatibility limit is the value below which the absolute difference between two single test results, eachthe mean of duplicates
39、, can be expected to lie when this method is used under repeatability conditions, i.e.70 mm30 cm 50 cm5+ 6rrCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:
40、2004(E)4 ISO 2004 All rights reservedwhen the test results are obtained on identical material by one operator in one laboratory within a short intervalof time using the standardized test method. For this method, is 1 colour number, with a probability.8.2 Reproducibility limit ()The reproducibility l
41、imit is the value below which the absolute difference between two single test results, eachthe mean of duplicates, can be expected to lie when this method is used under reproducibility conditions, i.e.when the test results are obtained on identical material by operators in different laboratories usi
42、ng thestandardized test method. For this method, is 2 colour numbers, with a probability.9 Test reportThe test report shall contain at least the following information:a) a reference to this part of ISO 4630 (ISO 4630-1);b) all details necessary to identify the product examined;c) whether glass stand
43、ards or liquid standards were used;d) whether any pretreatment of the product was necessary;e) the result of the test as indicated in Clause 7;f) any deviation from the test method specified;g) the date of the test.r 95 %RRR 95 %Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by
44、IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 5Annex A(normative)Calculating chromaticity coordinates for Gardner colour standardsA.1 Select a dual-beam spectrometer with a sufficiently na
45、rrow light beam at the sample position so that allrays pass through the standards to be checked. If this is not the case, equip the spectrometer with a condensinglens to achieve this.A.2 Place the standards in turn in the sample position of the spectrometer. If the colour comparator isprovided with
46、a separate green filter in front of the light source, place this filter in the reference beam of the dual-beam spectrometer during calibration of each standard.A.3 Obtain spectral transmittance values for each reference standard by following the procedure given in CIEPublication No. 15.2.A.4 From th
47、e spectral transmittance values for each standard, calculate the CIE tristimulus values , , and the chromaticity coordinates , for CIE illuminant C/2, using the procedure specified in CIE PublicationNo. 15.2.XYZxyCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under licens
48、e with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO 4630-1:2004(E)6 ISO 2004 All rights reservedAnnex B(normative)Liquid Gardner colour standardsB.1 ReagentsIn preparing these standards, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and only water of
49、at leastgrade 3 purity as defined in ISO 3696.B.1.1 Hydrochloric acid, diluted .Mix 1 volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid, (by mass), , with 17 volumes of water.B.1.2 Potassium hexachloroplatinate solution.Dissolve of potassium hexachloroplatinate (K2PtCI6) in diluted hydrochloric acid (B.1.1) in a one-mark volumetric
