1、 Reference number ISO 29042-1:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29042-1 First edition 2008-09-15 Safety of machinery Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances Part 1: Selection of test methods Scurit des machines valuation de lmission de substances dangereuses vhicules par
2、 lair Partie 1: Choix des mthodes dessai ISO 29042-1:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on th
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5、rm the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without
6、 permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights
7、 reservedISO 29042-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical comm
8、ittees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
9、International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft Internation
10、al Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th
11、e subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 29042-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery. ISO 29042 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery Evaluation of the emiss
12、ion of airborne hazardous substances: Part 1: Selection of test methods Part 2: Tracer gas method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given pollutant Part 3: Test bench method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given pollutant Part 4: Tracer method for the measurement of the cap
13、ture efficiency of an exhaust system The following parts are under preparation: Part 5: Test bench method for the measurement of the separation efficiency by mass of air cleaning systems with unducted outlet Part 6: Test bench method for the measurement of the separation efficiency by mass of air cl
14、eaning systems with ducted outlet Part 7: Test bench method for the measurement of the pollutant concentration parameter Room method for the measurement of the pollutant concentration parameter and decontamination index are to form the subjects of future parts 8 and 9. ISO 29042-1:2008(E) iv ISO 200
15、8 All rights reservedIntroduction The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows: a) Type-A standards (basic safety standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that can be applied to all machinery; b) Type-B standards (generic safety standa
16、rds) dealing with one safety aspect or one type of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of machinery: type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise); type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand control devices, interlocking devices, pr
17、essure- sensitive devices, guards); c) Type-C standards (machine safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines. This document is a type-B standard as stated in ISO 12100. The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by
18、a type-C standard. For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the requirements of that standard, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence. ISO/TC 199 has a mandate in this area to produce type-A and type-B stan
19、dards, which will allow verification of conformity with the essential safety requirements. ISO 29042-1 is based on EN 1093-1, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) which is at the same time subject to revision. The concentration level of substances resulting from emission of
20、airborne hazardous substances from machines depends upon factors including: the emission rate of airborne hazardous substances (“pollutants”) from the machine under examination, depending of the type of process and the production rate of the machine; the performance of the pollutant control system a
21、ssociated with the machine and, in the case of air recirculation, the performance of the separation system; the surrounding conditions, especially the air flow pattern, which can reduce the pollution (efficient general ventilation) or increase it (disturbing air, crossdraughts); the workers location
22、 in relation to the machine and its pollutant control system, and taking into account the workers movements; the quality of maintenance; poor quality has generally an adverse effect on the performance of the pollutant control and the separation systems. This International Standard concerns the first
23、 two points in this list and forms only one part of a comprehensive risk assessment. It is not for a risk assessment of the workplace. Evaluation of the parameters defined in this International Standard leads to an evaluation of the performance of the machine and its associated pollutant control sys
24、tem. This International Standard can be used as a part of verification described in ISO 14123-2. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29042-1:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Safety of machinery Evaluation of the emission of airborne hazardous substances Part 1: Selection of test methods 1 Scope This pa
25、rt of ISO 29042 specifies parameters which can be used for the assessment of the emission of pollutants from machines or the performance of the pollutant control systems integrated in machines. It gives guidance on the selection of appropriate test methods according to their various fields of applic
26、ation and types of machine including the effects of measures to reduce exposures to pollutants. The test methods are given in other parts of this International Standard (see Table 1). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. Fo
27、r dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology 3 Terms and definit
28、ions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100-1 and the following apply. 3.1 uncontrolled emission rate of a given pollutant u m e.g. separation efficiency of a separation system against hazardous dust is measured as a function of particle size otherwise the re
29、sults will possibly not be reliable for health and safety purposes. 3.5 pollutant concentration parameter P cthe measured concentration of a given pollutant in defined position(s) near the machine 3.6 decontamination index I Athe average of the ratio, obtained at a number of specified locations in t
30、he surroundings, of the ambient air quality improvement to the real pollutant mean concentration with the pollutant control system not in operation NOTE 1 Corrections can be necessary to take into account air pollution caused by other operations (“the background level”). ISO 29042-1:2008(E) ISO 2008
31、 All rights reserved 3 NOTE 2 The decontamination index can be calculated by the following equation: am A af 1 1 n ii ii i CC I nCC = = (4) where C aiis the real pollutant concentration measured at a specified location in the surrounding under the following condition: machine in operation, pollutant
32、 control system not in operation; C miis the real pollutant concentration measured at a specified location in the surrounding under the following condition: machine and pollutant control system in operation; C fiis the real pollutant concentration measured at a specified location in the surrounding
33、under the following condition: machine and pollutant control system not in operation (“the background level”); n is the number of specified locations. NOTE 3 When the “background level” is negligible, the decontamination index reduces to: m A a 1 1 1 n i i i C I nC = = (5) 4 Types of test methods 4.
34、1 General When particle size distribution is determined at the same time as pollutant concentration, an assessment parameter for each size fraction can be defined. For the determination of each assessment parameter (see Clause 3), different test methods can be considered. The test methods should be
35、selected according to the following criteria: the nature of pollutant used; the nature of the test environment. International Standards suitable for the measurement of fluid flow rates are ISO 3966, ISO 5167-1 and ISO 5168. 4.2 Nature of pollutant used As far as possible the real pollutant should be
36、 used for the testing. However, in some cases tracer techniques allow a more convenient testing. The addition of tracer material to the real pollutant requires several conditions to be met, in particular comparable discharge and flow patterns of the real pollutant and the tracer material, respective
37、ly. Depending on the test method, two types of pollutants shall be considered: the real pollutant which may be an aerosol (solid or liquid) or a gas; a tracer material simulating the real pollutant. When determining the emission rate of real pollutant without any air flow measurement, the real pollu
38、tant and the tracer material are simultaneously used. The measurements of concentrations can be carried out: in ducts together with air flow rate measurements; at locations surrounding the machine under examination. ISO 29042-1:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4.3 Nature of the test environment
39、 4.3.1 General Two main types of environmental test conditions may be considered, and, in some cases, can lead to different test methods. 4.3.2 Laboratory methods 4.3.2.1 Test bench method The tests are conducted in a cabin specially designed to these tests or measurements, and of known and limited
40、dimensions. The cabin contains a single machine in order to avoid any interference from other machines on the pollution around the tested machine and on the air flow rate through the pollutant control system. The air flow pattern around the machine should be maintained by the provision of specified
41、general ventilation of the cabin. NOTE In this type of method, the conditions of general ventilation, as well as the operating conditions of the machine, are fixed and, to some extent, arbitrary. Consequently, most of the time they are not representative of the actual situations encountered in pract
42、ice. 4.3.2.2 Room method The tests are conducted in a room specially devoted to these tests or measurements, and located in a laboratory or on site in an industrial setting. Only one machine should be run at a time. More precise control of the general and local ventilation can be achieved than in th
43、e field. Since the location of the machine is not fixed, the air flow pattern around the machine shall be checked to determine the influence of crossdraughts. NOTE In this type of method, the conditions of general ventilation, as well as the operating conditions of the machine, are fixed and, to som
44、e extent, arbitrary. Consequently, they are not in general representative of the actual situations encountered in practice. 4.3.3 Field method Many machines cannot be tested in a cabin (see 4.3.2.1) or a room (see 4.3.2.2) because they are too large, too difficult to handle or have special installat
45、ion or process requirements. Tests may be performed on machines in the places where they are installed. Performing field tests on machines in their usual working environment is of particular importance because disturbances occurring in real situations will be taken into account (e.g. crossdraughts).
46、 Care should be taken prior and during the test to determine the operating conditions of the machine under examination and of its pollutant control system, as well as operating conditions of the other machinery, the pollution of which can affect the results. NOTE This effect can be avoided by using
47、a suitable tracer method. The operating conditions of the machine under examination and the other equipment shall be recorded. Additional measurements can also be needed to evaluate the characteristics of the general ventilation including air crossdraughts. These crossdraughts, due for instance to the opening of a door, can drastically disturb the air flow pattern around the machine.
