1、 ISO 2012 Hybrid-electric road vehicles Exhaust emissions and fuel consumption measurements Part 2: Externally chargeable vehicles Vhicules routiers lectriques hybrides Mesurages des missions lchappement et de la consommation de carburant Partie 2: Vhicules rechargeables par des moyens externes INTE
2、RNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23274-2 First edition 2012-08-01 Reference number ISO 23274-2:2012(E) ISO 23274-2:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any for
3、m or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09
4、47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 23274-2:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3 5 Test conditions and instrumentation . 4 5.1 Test
5、conditions 4 5.2 Test instrumentation . 5 5.3 Charging of the RESS 5 6 Test procedure 6 6.1 General . 6 6.2 Test sequence . 6 6.3 Determination of the end of CD state and the beginning of CS state 7 7 Additional data evaluation of results 9 Annex A (informative) Test procedure in Japan.10 Annex B (i
6、nformative) Test procedure in Europe 14 Annex C (informative) Test procedure in North America 19 Annex D (informative) Procedure for determining the beginning of CS state 30 Bibliography .34 ISO 23274-2:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federati
7、on of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee
8、. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance w
9、ith the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires appr
10、oval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 23274-2 was prepared by Technical Comm
11、ittee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 21, Electrically propelled road vehicles. This first edition of ISO 23274-2, together with ISO 23274-1, cancels and replaces ISO 23274:2007, which has been technically revised. ISO 23274 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hybrid-e
12、lectric road vehicles Exhaust emissions and fuel consumption measurements: Part 1: Non-externally chargeable vehicles Part 2: Externally chargeable vehicles iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 23274-2:2012(E) Hybrid-electric road vehicles Exhaust emissions and fuel consumptio
13、n measurements Part 2: Externally chargeable vehicles 1 Scope This part of ISO 23274 specifies a chassis dynamometer test procedure to determine the end of CD (charge-depleting) state and consumed electric energy during CD state. The identification of the end of CD state is an important step for pro
14、cedures to determine exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. Final determination of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption is not included in this part of ISO 23274. This part of ISO 23274 applies to vehicles with the following characteristics. The vehicles are hybrid-electric road vehicles (HEV) wi
15、th an internal combustion engine (ICE) and the on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) for vehicle propulsion which is supplied by electric energy from the stationary external power source. A CD state, in which the electric energy in RESS from the stationary external power source is consu
16、med, is followed by a CS (charge-sustaining) state in which the fuel energy is consumed sustaining the electric energy of the RESS. Only batteries are assumed as the RESS of a vehicle. The RESS is not charged while driving unless by regenerative braking and/or by generating by ICE. NOTE 1 Trolleybus
17、es and solar powered vehicles are not included in the scope. The vehicle is classified as a passenger car or light duty truck, as defined in each regional annex. Only liquid fuels (for example, gasoline and diesel fuel) are used. NOTE 2 In the case of vehicles with ICE using other fuel for example,
18、compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen (H 2 ), this part of ISO 23274 can apply except the measurement of consumed fuel; otherwise the measurement method for those using the corresponding fuel can apply. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application
19、of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/TR 8713, Electrically propelled road vehicles Vocabulary ISO 23274-1, Hybrid-electric road vehicles Exhaust emissions
20、and fuel consumption measurements Part 1: Non-externally chargeable vehicles 3 T erms an d definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/TR 8713 and the following apply. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO 23274-2:2012(E) 3.1 applicable driving test ADT single
21、 driving test schedule which is specified for each region EXAMPLE Chassis dynamometer test cycle for light-duty vehicles in Japan (JC08), New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) 3.2 charge balance of RESS change of charge in battery during fuel consumption measur
22、ement NOTE Normally expressed in ampere hours (Ah). 3.3 charge-depleting state CD state operating mode of a HEV with ICE in which the vehicle runs by consuming mainly the electric energy from the stationary external power source or along with the fuel energy simultaneously or sequentially until CS s
23、tate 3.4 charge-sustaining state CS state o p e r a t i n g m o d e w h e r e t h e H E V r u n s b y c o n s u m i n g t h e f u e l e n e r g y w h i l e s u s t a i n i n g t h e e l e c t r i c energy of the RESS 3.5 energy balance of RESS E RESS change of battery energy state during an applicab
24、le driving test NOTE 1 Normally expressed in watt hours (Wh). NOTE 2 For practical use, the energy balance of RESS is approximated by multiplying the charge balance of battery in ampere hours (Ah) by the nominal voltage in volts (V). Nominal voltage is defined in 9.4.2 of ISO 12405-1:2011. 3.6 exter
25、nally chargeable HEV HEV with a rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) that is intended to be charged from an external electric energy source NOTE 1 External charge for the purpose of conditioning of the RESS is not included. NOTE 2 Externally chargeable HEVs are widely known as plug-in HEVs (PHE
26、Vs). 3.7 hybrid-electric vehicle HEV vehicle with both a rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) and a fuelled power source for propulsion EXAMPLE Internal combustion engine or fuel cell systems are typical types of fuelled power sources. 3.8 non-externally chargeable HEV HEV with a rechargeable e
27、nergy storage system (RESS) that is not intended to be charged from an external electric energy source 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 23274-2:2012(E) 3.9 rated capacity suppliers specification of the total number of ampere hours that can be withdrawn from a fully charged battery pack or system f
28、or a specified set of test conditions such as discharge rate, temperature, discharge cut-off voltage, etc. 3.10 rechargeable energy storage system RESS system that stores energy for delivery of electric power and which is rechargeable EXAMPLE batteries or capacitors 3.11 regenerative braking braking
29、 with conversion of kinetic energy into electric energy for charging the RESS 3.12 state of charge SOC available capacity in a battery pack or system NOTE Expressed as a percentage of rated capacity. 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms A/C air-conditioning ABS antilock braking system ADT applicable driv
30、ing test BMD bag mini-diluter CD charge-depleting CFR Code of Federal Regulations CLA chemiluminescent assay CNG compressed natural gas CO carbon oxide CS charge-sustaining CVS constant volume sampler, constant volume sampling E energy ECE Economic Commission for Europe E CF energy of consumed fuel
31、EPA Environmental Protection Agency E RESS energy of RESS F consumed fuel FC fuel consumption ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3 ISO 23274-2:2012(E) FCT full charge test FEC full environmental chamber FID flame ionization detector FTP Federal Test Procedure H 2 hydrogen HC hydrocarbon HEV hybrid-electri
32、c vehicle HFEDS Highway Fuel Economy Driving Schedule HFID heated flame ionization detector ICE internal combustion engine ISO International Organization for Standardization JC08 chassis dynamometer test cycle for light-duty vehicles in Japan NDIR non dispersive infrared NDUVR non dispersive ultravi
33、olet resonance absorption NEDC New European Driving Cycle NOx nitrogen oxide RESS rechargeable energy storage system SAE Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. SC03 Speed Correction Driving Schedule SOC state of charge TCS traction control system THC total hydrocarbons UDDS Urban Dynamometer Driving
34、Schedule UN United Nations US-06 Supplemental FTP density 5 Test conditions and instrumentation 5.1 Test conditions For test conditions, ISO 23274-1 applies. 4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 23274-2:2012(E) 5.2 Test instrumentation T e s t i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n s h a l l h a v e a c c u r
35、a c y l e v e l s s h o w n i n T a b l e 1 , u n l e s s s p e c i f i e d d i f f e r e n t l y i n Annex A, B or C. Table 1 Accuracy of measured values Item Unit Accuracy of measurement Time s 0,1 s Distance m 0,1 % Temperature C 1 C Speed km/h 1 % Mass kg 0,5 % Current A 0,5 % Electric energy Wh
36、 0,5 % 5.3 Charging of the RESS 5.3.1 Application of a normal charge 5.3.1.1 Normal charging procedure The charging of the RESS shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of (25 5) C. The normal charging procedure shall be in accordance with the vehicle manufacturers specification for normal ope
37、ration. For the normal charging procedure all types of special charging shall be excluded, for example RESS service charging. 5.3.1.2 End-of-charge criteria The end-of-charge criteria shall correspond to a charging time of 12 h except if a clear indication is given to the driver by the standard inst
38、rumentation that the RESS is not yet fully charged. In this case, the maximum charging time shall be in accordance with the manufacturers specification. After charging, the vehicle shall not be conductively connected to the stationary external power source unless otherwise specified by the manufactu
39、rer. 5.3.1.3 Fully charged RESS A RESS is fully charged when charged according to the normal charging procedure (see 5.3.1.1) and the end-of-charge criteria (see 5.3.1.2). 5.3.2 Charging the RESS and measuring energy T h e v e h i c l e s h a l l b e p h y s i c a l l y r e c o n n e c t e d t o t h
40、 e s t a t i o n a r y e x t e r n a l p o w e r s o u r c e w i t h i n 2 h following completion of the appropriate test sequence unless otherwise specified by the regional standards or regulations. The RESS shall then be fully charged in accordance with the normal charging procedure (see 5.3.1.1).
41、 The energy, E, in a.c. Wh, delivered from the stationary external power source, as well as the charging time duration, shall be measured. The energy-measuring equipment shall be placed between the stationary external a.c. power source and the vehicle power inlet. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5 ISO
42、23274-2:2012(E) 6 Test procedure 6.1 General This clause specifies how to determine the end of CD state and consumed electric energy during CD state. In this part of ISO 23274, applicable driving tests during CS state are only used to determine the end of CD state. In general, the results for the CS
43、 state in this part of ISO 23274 are not consistent with regulatory requirements and should not be used for that purpose. See ISO 23274-1 to determine the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption for the CS state. If only the CS state applies, then only testing in accordance with ISO 23274-1 is necess
44、ary. The appropriate regional procedure to measure exhaust emission and fuel consumption shall be selected (see Annexes A, B and C for example). The test sequence and the single test steps of the test procedure to determine the end of CD state are described below. 6.2 Test sequence 6.2.1 General Thi
45、s test procedure consists of the following steps. a) Perform vehicle preconditioning; (see 6.2.2). b) Perform vehicle soak (see 6.2.3). c) Perform initial charge of RESS to full (see 5.3.1.1). d) Move the vehicle to the test room (see 6.2.4). e) R u n a n a p p l i c a b l e d r i v i n g t e s t a
46、n d m e a s u r e e x h a u s t e m i s s i o n s , c h a r g e b a l a n c e a n d f u e l consumption (see 6.2.5). f) Determine if the end of CD state is reached (see 6.3.2 or 6.3.3). If the end of CD state is identified, then go to g). If not, the procedure from e) shall be repeated. g) Fully cha
47、rge the RESS and measure a.c. electric energy (see 5.3.2). 6.2.2 Vehicle preconditioning Vehicle preconditioning shall be carried out in accordance with the corresponding annex of regional test procedure, if necessary. If necessary, SOC may be pre-adjusted by charging or discharging, to obtain suita
48、ble energy balance of RESS between the beginning and the end of test. 6.2.3 Vehicle soak The vehicle shall be soaked in accordance with the appropriate regional procedure (see Annexes A, B and C for example). 6.2.4 Vehicle movement to the test room When the vehicle is brought into the test room, and
49、 moved during the test if necessary, it shall be pushed or towed (neither driven or regeneratively recharged.). The test vehicle shall be set on the chassis dynamometer after the chassis dynamometer has warmed up just before the test. The vehicle shall not be activated during soak until right before starting the test. 6 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 23274-2:2012(E) 6.2.5 Measurement in each applicable driving test Energy balance of RESS, consumed fuel and exhaust emissions sha
