1、 Reference number ISO 16670:2003(E) ISO 2003INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16670 First edition 2003-12-15 Timber structures Joints made with mechanical fasteners Quasi-static reversed-cyclic test method Structures en bois Joints raliss avec des connecteurs mcaniques Mthode dessai cyclique rversible quas
2、i statique ISO 16670:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editin
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5、e address given below. ISO 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below o
6、r ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reservedISO 16670:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved iiiCo
7、ntents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references. 1 3 Symbols and definitions. 1 4 Test specimens. 2 4.1 Conditioning 2 4.2 Form and dimension. 2 4.3 Sampling 2 4.4 Number of replicates 2 5 Apparatus. 2 6 Test procedure 2 6.1 Properties from static (monotonic) tests 2 6.2 Cycl
8、ic displacement schedule. 3 7 Test results 5 7.1 Hysteresis data 5 7.2 Envelope curves 5 7.3 Joint properties. 5 8 Test report 5 Annex A (informative) Additional information. 6 Bibliography . 9 ISO 16670:2003(E) iv ISO 2003 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standard
9、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
10、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Stand
11、ards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inte
12、rnational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16670
13、was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 165, Timber structure. ISO 16670:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved vIntroduction Evaluation of the structural performance of joints under reversed-cyclic loading has become a requirement in seismic design. The objective of this International Standard is
14、to provide a cyclic test procedure as a basis for the development of characteristics of joints for use in seismic design. The cyclic displacement schedule was developed in consultation with a group of international experts with the intention that the cyclic displacement schedule shall produce a) dat
15、a that sufficiently describes the elastic and inelastic properties of the joint, and b) representative demands imposed on joints by earthquakes. Supplementary information is given in Annex A to provide the rationale behind the cyclic displacement schedule, recommendations for cases for which a modif
16、ied schedule would be more appropriate, and typical test results obtained on a joint by following this cyclic displacement schedule. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16670:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1Timber structures Joints made with mechanical fasteners Quasi-static reversed-cyclic test method
17、 1 Scope This International Standard is intended to provide a cyclic test method as a basis for the derivation of parameters which are required in seismic design of timber structures. The method includes procedures to develop the envelope curves (backbone or skeleton curves; an example is given in C
18、lause A.5.) for joints subjected to a cyclic displacement schedule which produces representative demands imposed on the joints by earthquakes. It does not include criteria for parameters which are, at times, stipulated in national standards or building codes. This standard is intended for joints sub
19、jected to lateral load ans is not applicable to joints subjected to withdrawal forces. This International Standard is applicable to joints made with mechanical fasteners used in timber structures loaded under seismic action. NOTE 1 In the context of this Standard, the term “joint” means “connection”
20、 in present-day North-American English. NOTE 2 It is recognized that, for some special types of joints, modification of the test method may be necessary provided the test objectives in this clause and the principles in Clause 6 are achieved. See Clause A.2 for details. 2 Normative references The fol
21、lowing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 554, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or te
22、sting Specifications ISO 3131, Wood Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests ISO 8970, Timber structures Testing of joints made with mechanical fasteners Requirements for wood density ISO 6891, Timber structures Joints made with mechanical fasteners General principles for the deter
23、mination of strength and deformation characteristics 3 Symbols and definitions F Applied load, in newtons, or newton-millimetres in the case of joint rotation F maxMaximum load, in newtons, or newton-millimetres in the case of joint rotation (as defined in Figure 1) k Joint stiffness, in newtons per
24、 millimetre, or newton-millimetres per radian in the case of joint rotation Joint displacement, in millimetres, or radians in the case of joint rotation uUltimate joint displacement, in millimetres, or radians in the case of joint rotation (as defined in Figure 1) ISO 16670:2003(E) 2 ISO 2003 All ri
25、ghts reservedNOTE “Load” and “displacement” are taken as generic terms. Load could be axial, shear, moment or torsion. Displacement could be any displacement (or slip) or rotation. 4 Test specimens 4.1 Conditioning Attention shall be given to the conditioning of the timber before the manufacture of
26、the joint and also to the conditioning of the joints after their fabrication. The conditioning shall be conducted in such a way that the test conditions correspond in a realistic manner to the in-service conditions of joints in structures. Where the purpose of testing is to compare joints under simi
27、lar conditions, the standard atmosphere of 20 C and 65 % relative humidity according to ISO 554 shall be used for conditioning. Density of the specimens shall comply with the requirements given in ISO 8970. 4.2 Form and dimension Joint geometry, loading configuration and fabrication details (e.g. el
28、apsed time between the fabrication and test, predrilling of holes, tolerances, conditioning details before and after fabrication) shall be representative of the intended end use. 4.3 Sampling Sampling should provide for selection of representative test material on an objective and unbiased basis, co
29、vering an appropriate range in density and properties as circumstances suggest. 4.4 Number of replicates The number of replicates depends on the specific objectives and desired reliability. NOTE A minimum of 6 replicates is recommended for each of the static and cyclic tests to obtain a reliable est
30、imate of mean mechanical properties. 5 Apparatus The test apparatus, tolerances and restraints shall be of realistic forms that are representative of the intended end use. The testing machine shall be able to apply and continuously record load and joint displacement with an accuracy of 1 % of the es
31、timates of F maxand uor better. It is recommended that displacement measurements be made in such a way that the amount of member deformation included in displacement readings is minimized. 6 Test procedure 6.1 Properties from static (monotonic) tests Static (monotonic) tests shall be conducted on a
32、matched group (or specimen) according to ISO 6891 with the exception of preloading. The mean value (where applicable) of the ultimate displacement or rotation ( u ) of the static tests will be determined by following the definition of uin Figure 1. NOTE Static (monotonic) test data previously obtain
33、ed on a matched group (or specimen) may also be used. ISO 16670:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3Key X Displacement, v Y Load, F 1 case a 2 case b aDisplacement at failure (case a). bDisplacement at 0,8F maxin the descending portion of the load-displacement curve (case b). Figure 1 Definition o
34、f ultimate joint displacement: ucorresponds to either v u aor v u b , whichever occurs first in the test 6.2 Cyclic displacement schedule The cyclic displacement schedule shall produce a) data that sufficiently describe the elastic and inelastic cyclic properties of the joint, and b) representative
35、demands imposed on the joints by earthquakes. The cyclic displacement schedule given in Figure 2 shall be followed with a rate of slip between 0,1 mm/s and 10 mm/s. The amplitudes of the reversed cycles are a function of the mean value (where applicable) of the ultimate displacement ( u ) obtained i
36、n the monotonic test. Table 1 presents the amplitudes as a percentage of the ultimate joint displacement. NOTE An alternative cyclic displacement schedule either velocity or frequency based that satisfies the principles given above may also be employed to achieve the test objectives. ISO 16670:2003(
37、E) 4 ISO 2003 All rights reservedFigure 2 Cyclic displacement schedule Table 1 Amplitudes of the reversed cycles Step No. of cycles Amplitude 1 1 1,25 % of u2 1 2,5 % of u3 1 5 % of u4 1 7,5 % of u5 1 10 % of u6 3 20 % of u7 3 40 % of u8 3 60 % of u9 3 80 % of u10 3 100 % of u11 3 increments of 20 %
38、 of uNOTE Some of the initial steps (1,25 % to 10 % u ) may be omitted or repeated (or new steps may be added) depending on the stiffness of the joint or accuracy of the measurement system, as long as the principles given in 6.2 are satisfied. Clause A.2 identifies cases where modification of the st
39、andard cyclic displacement schedule may be warranted. ISO 16670:2003(E) ISO 2003 All rights reserved 57 Test results 7.1 Hysteresis data The complete hysteretic response data (load-displacement or moment-rotation data) shall be plotted and stored for each test joint. In organizing raw data (whether
40、tabulated on paper or stored in a computer file), the following shall be included: time, input displacement, measured load and measured displacement. 7.2 Envelope curves The first, second and third envelope curves for the cyclic tests shall be established by connecting the points of maximum load in
41、the hysteresis plot in each slip level in the first, second and third reversed cycles, respectively. The maximum load values and their associated displacements obtained in the first five single reversed cycles shall be taken to be the same for all envelope curves. The envelope curves shall be report
42、ed in tabular form. NOTE An example is given in Figure A.1 and Table A.1 in Clause A.5. 7.3 Joint properties The maximum loads and ultimate displacements (both defined in Figure 1) in both directions taken from the three envelope curves shall be reported in tabular form. NOTE An example is given in
43、Table A.1 in Clause A.5. 8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) specification of the source, species, density and relevant strength properties of the timber members, and the sampling and conditioning methods; b) specification and sampling of the fasteners including
44、 dimensions, and surface coating; c) a description of the fabrication details (e.g., elapsed time between the fabrication and test, predrilling of holes, and tolerances); d) a description of the joint geometry (e.g., dimensions of the joint members, number of fasteners, arrangement and spacing, deta
45、ils of the gaps between members) and the loading configuration; e) a test matrix showing the number of replicates for each test group; f) a description of the test apparatus and a diagram of the test set-up with location of measuring devices, tolerances and any restraints; g) a description of the cy
46、clic displacement schedule including the displacement rate; h) a statement of any deviations from this International Standard; i) a report of the sampling speed for data collection; j) a plot of the hysteresis data (load-displacement or moment-rotation data), and tabulated envelope curves, maximum l
47、oads, ultimate displacement, moisture content of the wood at the time of fabrication and test, density and failure modes. ISO 16670:2003(E) 6 ISO 2003 All rights reservedAnnex A (informative) Additional information A.1 Rationale behind the cyclic displacement schedule This International Standard is
48、intended to provide a cyclic test method to develop the envelope (backbone or skeleton) curves for joints subjected to a cyclic displacement schedule with a displacement pattern that results in a similar failure mode and energy dissipation as would occur under seismic action. (See 1 and 2 in the Bib
49、liography.) a) The cyclic displacement schedule includes the application of reversed cycles in terms of percentage of the joints ultimate displacement from static test, a property which can be easily determined and which is defined with reasonable agreement throughout the world. The method does not depend on a yield displacement. It is difficult to reach an agreement on its definition because of differences in national standards. However, one can use the
