1、 ISO 2012 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of freeze- thaw resistance Produits isolants thermiques destins aux applications du btiment Dtermination de la rsistance aux effets du gel-dgel INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16546 First edition 2012-05-15 Reference number ISO
2、 16546:2012(E) ISO 16546:2012(E) ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfil
3、m, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 16546:20
4、12(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Definitions . 1 4 Principle . 1 5 Apparatus 2 6 Test specimens 2 6.1 Dimensions of test specimens 2 6.2 Number of test specimens 2 6.3 Preparation of test specimens . 2 6.4 Conditio
5、ning of test specimens 2 7 Procedure 2 8 Calculation and expression of results . 4 8.1 Water absorption . 4 8.2 Changes in the compression behaviour . 5 9 Accuracy of measurement 5 10 Test report . 5 ISO 16546:2012(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide f
6、ederation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that co
7、mmittee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accor
8、dance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requir
9、es approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16546 was prepared by Technical
10、 Committee ISO/TC 163, Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment, Subcommittee SC 1, Test and measurement methods. ISO 16546 includes the original EN 12091 prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 88 “Thermal insulating materials and products”, with the following clauses modified to
11、reflect the conditions for tropical countries: Clause 6.4: Conditioning of test specimens; Clause 10: Test report. iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 16546:2012(E) Introduction ISO 16546 is one of a series of existing European Standards on test methods which were adopted by ISO. This group of Inter
12、national Standards comprises the following group of interrelated standards: ISO Title Respective EN standard 12344 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of bending behaviour EN 12089 12968 Thermal insulation products for building applications Determination of the pull-o
13、ff resistance of external thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) (foam block test) EN 13495 29465 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of length and width EN 822 29466 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of thickness EN 823 29467 T
14、hermal insulating products for building applications Determination of squareness EN 824 29468 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of flatness EN 825 29469 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of compression behaviour EN 826 29470 Thermal
15、 insulating products for building applications Determination of the apparent density EN 1602 29471 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of dimensional stability under constant normal laboratory conditions (23 degrees C/50 % relative humidity) EN 1603 29472 Thermal insu
16、lating products for building applications Determination of dimensional stability under specified temperature and humidity conditions EN 1604 29764 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of deformation under specified compressive load and temperature conditions EN 1605 29
17、765 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of tensile strength perpendicular to faces EN 1607 29766 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of tensile strength parallel to faces EN 1608 29767 Thermal insulating products for building applicatio
18、ns Determination of short- term water absorption by partial immersion EN 1609 29768 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of linear dimensions of test specimens EN 12085 29769 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of behaviour under point l
19、oad EN 12430 29770 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of thickness for floating-floor insulating products EN 12431 ISO 2012 All rights reserved v ISO 16546:2012(E) 29771 Thermal insulating materials for building applications Determination of organic content EN 13820
20、29803 Thermal insulation products for building applications Determination of the resistance to impact of external thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) EN 13497 29804 Thermal insulation products for building applications Determination of the tensile bond strength of the adhesive and of the ba
21、se coat to the thermal insulation material EN 13494 29805 Thermal insulation products for building applications Determination of the mechanical properties of glass fibre meshes EN 13496 16534 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of compressive creep EN 1606 16535 Therm
22、al insulating products for building applications Determination of long- term water absorption by immersion EN 12087 16536 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of long- term water absorption by diffusion EN 12088 16537 Thermal insulating products for building applicatio
23、ns Determination of shear behaviour EN 12090 16546 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of freeze- thaw resistance EN 12091 16544 Thermal insulating products for building applications Conditioning to moisture equilibrium under specified temperature and humidity conditi
24、ons EN 12429 16545 Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of behaviour under cyclic loading EN 13793 A further group of existing European Standards on test methods for products used to insulate building equipment and industrial installations comprises the following group
25、 of interrelated International Standards: ISO 12623 Thermal insulating products for building equipment and industrial installations Determination of short-term water absorption by partial immersion of preformed pipe insulation EN 13472 ISO 12624 Thermal insulating products for building equipment and
26、 industrial installations Determination of trace quantities of water soluble chloride, fluoride, silicate, sodium ions and pH EN 13468 ISO 12628 Thermal insulating products for building equipment and industrial installations Determination of dimensions, squareness and linearity of preformed pipe ins
27、ulation EN 13467 ISO 12629 Thermal insulating products for building equipment and industrial installations Determination of water vapour transmission properties of preformed pipe insulation EN 13469 vi ISO 2012 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16546:2012(E) Thermal insulating products
28、for building applications Determination of freeze-thaw resistance 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the equipment and procedures for determining the effects of successive cycling from dry conditions at 20 C to wet conditions at 20 C on the mechanical properties and moisture content of th
29、e product. It is applicable to thermal insulating products. It is intended to simulate freezethaw effects on thermal insulating products which are frequently exposed to water and low temperature conditions, e.g. inverted roofs and unprotected ground insulation. This test method is not recommended fo
30、r all thermal insulating products. If relevant, the product standards will state for which products this International Standard is applicable. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cite
31、d applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 29469, Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of compression behaviour ISO 16535 (EN 12087), Thermal insulating products for building applications Det
32、ermination of long-term water absorption by immersion ISO 16536 (EN 12088), Thermal insulating products for building applications Determination of long-term water absorption by diffusion 3 Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following definition applies: 3.1 freeze-thaw resistance abi
33、lity of a product to withstand repeated wetting followed by freezing conditions, quantified by water absorption and change in compression behaviour 4 Principle The freeze-thaw resistance is determined as the change in the amount of water absorbed and the change in compression strength or stress of a
34、 test specimen which is subjected to 300 successive cycles from dry conditions at 20 C to wet conditions at 20 C. Testing is carried out in conjunction with either one of the following long-term water absorption tests: a) Water absorption by diffusion, according to ISO 16536 (EN 12088); b) Water abs
35、orption by total immersion, according to ISO 16535 (EN 12087). The chosen long-term water absorption test a) and/or b) is given in the relevant product standard in accordance with the application. Freezing takes place in the air; thawing in the water. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1 ISO 16546:2012(E)
36、 5 Apparatus 5.1 Cold chamber, with a constant temperature of (20 2) C. 5.2 Water tank, with a constant water temperature of (20 2) C, equipped with a device for keeping the test specimen in position. NOTE Normally no accelerated thermal exchange is provided, e.g. fan assistance in the cold chamber
37、or turbulent water circulation in the watertank. 5.3 Balance, which permits a reading to 0,1 g. 5.4 Compression testing machine, including measuring devices, according to ISO 29469. 6 Test specimens The freeze-thaw test shall be made on the same test specimens, referred to as set A, which have been
38、used for the determination of long-term water absorption by diffusion, according to ISO 16536 (EN 12088), or by total immersion, according to ISO 16535 (EN 12087). 6.1 Dimensions of test specimens The thickness of the test specimens shall be the original product thickness. The test specimens for set
39、 A shall be squares with squarely cut edges having sides of (500 1) mm or (200 1) mm depending on the chosen water absorption test. 6.2 Number of test specimens The number of test specimens for set A is determined by the requirement that two sets of test specimens for the compression test (set B1 an
40、d B2) can be prepared from set A. The number and dimensions of test specimens for each set B1 and B2 for the compression test shall be as specified in the relevant product standard or any other technical specification. In the absence of such a specification, the number and dimensions of test specime
41、ns shall be as defined in ISO 29469. 6.3 Preparation of test specimens If possible, the test specimens shall be cut so that they do not include original product edges. Cutting of the test specimens shall be by methods that do not change the original structure of the product. Any skins, facings and/o
42、r coatings shall be retained. 6.4 Conditioning of test specimens The test specimens shall be stored for at least 6 h at (23 5) C. In case of dispute they shall be stored at (23 2) C and (50 5) % relative humidity (RH) for the time specified in the relevant product standard for a minimum of 6 h. In t
43、ropical countries, different conditioning and testing conditions may be relevant. In this case, the conditions shall be (27 5) C and (65 5) % RH, and be stated clearly in the test report. 7 Procedure Carry out the freeze-thaw test in accordance with the procedure indicated in Figure 1. All test spec
44、imens shall be taken from the same sample. 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved ISO 16546:2012(E) Figure 1 Flow chart for the test procedure Determine the compression behaviour of the original product, in accordance with ISO 29469 ( mor 10 ). Determine the long-term water absorption of the test specimens
45、using either ISO 16536 (EN 12088) or ISO 16535 (EN 12087). Record m 0 , the mass of test specimens at the end of the diffusion test (m 0= m D ) or the total immersion test (m 0= m 28 ). Place the test specimens in the cold chamber and maintain the temperature at ( 20 2) C for 1 h. Remove the test sp
46、ecimens from the cold chamber and immerse them in water. Maintain the temperature at (20 2) C for 1 h. Continue the test for 300 cycles (see Figure 2). When there are breaks longer than 1 h, e.g. during the night or the weekend, the test specimens shall be left in the cold chamber. Determine the mas
47、s m 1 , of each of the test specimens (set A) to the nearest 0,1 g after completion of all cycles. Examine the test specimens visually for defects, e.g. cracks, blisters. Prepare the test specimens for set B1 and set B2. Determine the compression behaviour of the test specimens, in accordance with I
48、SO 29469, from set B1 (compression behaviour in wet conditions, m,wetor 10,wet ) within 24 h of the last freeze-thaw cycle. Dry the test specimens from set B2 in a ventilated drying chamber for the time and temperature specified in the relevant product standard or any other European technical specif
49、ication. In the absence of such a specification, the test specimens shall be dried until reaching constant mass. For the purpose of this test, the constant mass is considered to have been reached when the change in mass between two subsequent weighings with a 24 h interval is lower than 0,5 % of the total mass at a minimum drying temperature of 40 C. NOTE Commonly used drying conditions are 105 C for 24 h, 70 C for 4 days or
