1、 ISO 2014 Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 2: Assessment of existing concrete structures Entretien et rparation des structures en bton Partie 2: valuation des structures en bton existantes INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16311-2 First edition 2014-04-15 Reference number ISO 16311-2:2014
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4、iso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO 16311-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 2 4 Framework of assessment 4 4.1 General . 4 4.2 Personnel . 4 4.3 Objectives of assessment
5、6 4.4 Scenarios 6 4.5 Preliminary and detailed assessment . 6 4.6 Reporting results of assessment .10 4.7 Judgement and decision .10 4.8 Intervention 10 5 Site and laboratory investigation and data collection 10 5.1 General 10 5.2 Planning and execution of inspection and data collection .10 5.3 Regi
6、stration of condition .11 6 E v aluation and v erification 13 6.1 Evaluation of action .13 6.2 Evaluation of materials and structural details .13 6.3 Verification of structural performance .15 6.4 Judgment .15 7 Recommendation 15 8 Report .16 Annex A (informative) Assessment levels, investigative te
7、sts, and examples of assessments 17 Annex B (informative) Condition and Consequence Levels .34 Annex C (informative) E v aluation and V erification 37 Annex D (informative) Recommendations 40 Annex E (informative) Content of the Final Report 42 Bibliography .44 ISO 16311-2:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the
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14、ee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 71, Concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete, Subcommittee SC 7, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures. ISO 16311 consists of the following parts, under the general title Maintenance and repair of concrete structures: Part 1: General
15、Principles Part 2: Assessment of Existing Concrete Structures Part 3: Design of Repairs and Prevention Part 4: Execution of Repairs and Preventioniv ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 16311-2:2014(E) Introduction Assessment of a concrete structure identifies and defines areas of distress, and verifies
16、 structural performance based on the evaluated condition of the structure. It includes the whole process from defining the work through the investigation, evaluation, verification, and registration to the final report. This is necessary as a basis for the design of the repair and the preparation of
17、procedures to preserve or extend its remaining service life. The report, concluding the assessment, includes a description of the structure, the investigation, the results of condition assessment, the verified structural performance, the expected future development, and a short presentation of possi
18、ble repair principles and methods, including appropriate cost calculations. A detailed planning and design of the repair work (repair or rehabilitation project specification) is not part of the assessment, see ISO 16311-3. This part of ISO 16311 gives the requirements for assessment of concrete stru
19、ctures, including a framework for the assessment, a format for documentation of the condition assessment with assessed condition level and consequence level, and a format for documentation of the performance assessment with verified specific structural performance. This part of ISO 16311 is operable
20、 with standards for test methods. Some standards for test methods are under preparation by ISO but they will not all be available as International Standards at the date of publication of this part of ISO 16311. Until and after such International Standards are available, a national annex may list sta
21、ndards that have established suitability in the place of use of the methods. These may be national standards or standards of other regions or nations. This part of ISO 16311 is primarily based on the principles given in ISO 13822, Basis of design of structures Assessment of existing structures. Anne
22、x B in ISO 13822 has a detailed flowchart, included as Figure 1 in this part of ISO 16311. ISO 2014 All rights reserved v Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 2: Assessment of existing concrete structures 1 Scope This part of ISO 16311 describes general requirements and procedures for
23、the assessment of concrete structures. The assessment can be initiated under the following circumstances, but not limited to: a) an anticipated change in use or extension of design service life; b) structural deterioration due to time-dependent actions such as corrosion of reinforcement, fatigue, et
24、c.; c) safety and/or serviceability check (e.g. for earthquake and increased traffic actions) as required by authorities, insurance companies, owners, etc.; d) structural damage by accidental actions. (See ISO 2394.) This part of ISO 16311 does not cover qualification of personnel, contractual matte
25、rs, and health and safety requirements for the protection of workers during the investigation and testing. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the editio
26、n cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. In the case of reference to International draft standards, provisions given in the National Annex or project specification should be applied until the International Standard is
27、available. ISO 2394, General principles on reliability for structures ISO 13822:2001, Bases for design of structures Assessment of existing structures ISO 16204, Durability Service life design of concrete structures ISO 16311-1, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 1: General principle
28、s ISO 16311-3, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 3: Design of repairs and prevention ISO 16311-4, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 4: Execution of repairs and prevention ISO 19338, Performance and assessment requirements for design standards on structural concrete
29、INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 16311-2:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1 ISO 16311-2:2014(E) 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16311-1, ISO 2394, ISO 13822, and ISO 19338 and the following apply: 3.1 accidental action action that is
30、 unlikely to occur with a significant value on a given structure over a given reference period Note 1 to entry: Accidental actions are in most cases of short duration. SOURCE: ISO 2394:1998 3.2 action, direct assembly of concentrated or distributed mechanical forces acting on a structure 3.3 assessm
31、ent set of activities performed in order to verify the reliability of an existing structure for future use SOURCE: ISO 13822:2010 3.4 condition status of a structure or a structural member at a given time 3.5 condition description statement of the condition status and level based on condition regist
32、ration of a structure or a structural member 3.6 condition documentation all information that explains the condition of a structure or a structural member 3.7 condition level expression of the condition of a structure or a structural member, compared to a reference level 3.8 condition registration s
33、urvey and collection of information to define the condition of a structure or structural member 3.9 c ond i t ion ve r i f ic at ion comparison between condition and defined requirements 3.10 consequence level expression of seriousness of consequences related to a defined reference level 3.11 damage
34、 unfavourable change in the condition of a structure that can affect structural performance SOURCE: ISO 13822:20102 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 16311-2:2014(E) 3.12 defect fault, or deviation from the intended level of performance of a structure or its parts SOURCE: ISO 15686-1:2000 3.13 deteri
35、oration process that adversely affects the structural performance, including reliability over time due to naturally occurring chemical, physical or biological actions, repeated actions such as those causing fatigue, normal or severe environmental influences, wear due to use, or improper operation an
36、d maintenance of the structure SOURCE: ISO 13822:2010 3.14 environmental action assembly of physical, chemical, or biological influence which may cause restraint effects or deterioration to the materials making up the structure, which in turn may adversely affect its serviceability, restorability, a
37、nd safety SOURCE: ISO 13822:2001 3.15 inspection conformity evaluation by observation and judgement accompanied as appropriate by measurement, testing or gauging Note 1 to entry: For structures, this evaluation consists of actions collecting information on the current state of a structure through ob
38、servation and simplified non-destructive or destructive testing supplemented with materials and structural testing, as required. SOURCE: ISO 9000:2005, 3.8.2 3.16 risk combination of the probability or frequency of occurrence of an event and the magnitude of its consequences SOURCE: ISO 13824:2009 3
39、.17 symptom indicator for the condition of a structure or structural member, based on one or more characteristics 3.18 visual inspection inspection of a structure by visual observation in the preliminary investigation for its assessment ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3 ISO 16311-2:2014(E) 4 Framework
40、of assessment 4.1 General The overall assessment procedure shall comply with ISO 13822 and include the following main parts according to Figure 1, which is a general flowchart copied from ISO 13822: objectives of assessment; scenarios; preliminary assessment; detailed assessment; reporting results o
41、f assessment; judgement and decision; intervention. A site visit is recommended prior to initiating the assessment. 4.2 Personnel An assessment shall be performed by qualified personnel. NOTE A National Annex can include requirements on qualification for personnel.4 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO
42、16311-2:2014(E) F i g u r e 1 G e n e r a l f l o w c h a r t f o r a s s e s s m e n t o f e x i s t i n g s t r u c t u r e s ( a d a p t e d f r o m I S O 1 3 82 2 , Annex B) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 5 ISO 16311-2:2014(E) 4.3 Objectives of assessment The objectives of the assessment of an exi
43、sting concrete structure, in terms of its operable condition and its future structural performance, shall be specified in consultation with the client (the owner, the authority, insurance companies, etc.) based on the following performance levels: a) safety performance level; b) continued function p
44、erformance level; c) special performance requirements of the client. NOTE Reference is made to ISO 13822, 4.1 The objectives of the assessment shall be determined or confirmed before starting the assessment activities. Within the determined objectives of assessment, the assessment shall be carried o
45、ut with the procedure given in Figure 1. The objectives of an assessment, the extent and the application of methods and resources shall be defined in a project specification. The extent of an assessment depends on the nature of the structure, if a rough cost estimate of recommended actions shall be
46、included, etc. The content of an assessment shall be re-evaluated continuously based on the observations. NOTE A.1 gives more detailed description of purpose and scope of a condition assessment. 4.4 Scenarios One or some scenarios to represent a possible change in structural performance shall be spe
47、cified prior to the preparation of assessment to identify possible critical situations for the structure. These scenarios shall be developed with an understanding of the type of construction, the timeframe of construction, and the environment to which the structure or structural member were exposed.
48、 These scenarios include, but are not limited to (see also 16311-3) chloride exposure, and damage related to chloride-induced corrosion, carbonation-induced corrosion damage, mechanical (impact, overload, settlement, vibration, seismic, abrasion, fatigue, explosion, etc), chemical (alkali-aggregate
49、reactions, aggressive agents, biological actions, etc), and physical (fire, frost damage, thermal effects, shrinkage, erosion, wear, etc). Possible scenarios shall be reviewed thoroughly before carrying out the assessment activities. Scenarios shall be continuously checked during the assessment to identify possible critical situations for the structure, including structural safety and serviceability, and amendments of the layout of the assessment. 4.5 Preliminary
