1、 ISO 2014 Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 1: General principles Entretien et rparation des structures en bton Partie 1: Principes gnraux INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16311-1 First edition 2014-04-15 Reference number ISO 16311-1:2014(E) ISO 16311-1:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reser
2、ved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior writt
3、en permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland IS
4、O 16311-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Basis of maintenance and repair . 4 4.1 General . 4 4.2 Procedure of maintenance and repair 5 4.3 Competence of personnel 5 5 Maintenance pl
5、an 5 5.1 General . 5 5.2 Timing of maintenance planning for structure . 6 5.3 Selection of maintenance category 6 5.4 Final determination of maintenance plan . 6 6 Assessment . 6 6.1 General . 6 6.2 Assessment plan 7 6.3 Investigation . . 8 6.4 Registration of condition 8 6.5 Evaluation and judgment
6、 . 8 7 Repair including prevention 9 7.1 General . 9 7.2 Planning and design . 9 7.3 Execution.12 8 Recording 13 8.1 General 13 8.2 Period of preservation .14 8.3 Method of recording 14 Annex A (informative) Extended hierarchy of “Standards for maintenance and repair of concrete structures” with nat
7、ional legislation and other related International Standards 15 Annex B (informative) Hierarchy of terms 16 Annex C (informative) Category of maintenance 17 Bibliography .19 ISO 16311-1:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national sta
8、ndards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International or
9、ganizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for i
10、ts further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/d
11、irectives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in
12、 the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions r
13、elated to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 71, Concrete, reinforced concrete and pre-stre
14、ssed concrete, Subcommittee SC 7, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures. ISO 16311 consists of the following parts, under the general title Maintenance and repair of concrete structures: Part 1: General principles Part 2: Assessment of existing concrete structures Part 3: Design of repairs a
15、nd prevention Part 4: Execution of repair and preventioniv ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 16311-1:2014(E) Introduction In the context of this part of ISO 16311, maintenance and repair are two closely related activities aimed at securing that a concrete structure (hereinafter referred to as “struct
16、ure”) is retained in a state in which it can perform its required functions, while in an acceptable and safe condition. Maintenance will be used as a general term that also covers repair as a distinct activity to restore worn, damaged, or deteriorated parts. For a well-designed and well-executed con
17、crete structure with proper maintenance, repair should not be necessary within the service life of the structure. This part of ISO 16311 covers the activities necessary to retain the performance of the structure above the required levels during its service life, such as: maintenance planning for exi
18、sting structures; assessment of structure including inspection/investigation and evaluation of the performance of structure; planning and designing repair in case it is required due to damage, deterioration, or wear; execution of repair including preparation, execution, and documentation. The main s
19、cope of this part of ISO 16311 is the maintenance and repair of existing structures. The goal of maintenance and repair strategies is to plan and execute systematic routines that minimize degradation of performance and serviceability of a structure during its service life in the most cost-effective
20、manner. This part of ISO 16311 does not address newly built structures for which it is recommended that a maintenance plan should be established at the design stage. However, a so called “birth certificate” for newly built structures will be useful in later planning of maintenance and repair. Refere
21、nce is given to ISO 16204, where this is covered. “Part 1: General principles” provides the framework of maintenance activities for all structures or their components and gives general principles of each activity. As shown in Figure 1, this part of ISO 16311 is the first of four parts dealing with m
22、aintenance and repair of concrete structures. The subsequent three parts, namely “Assessment of existing structures”, “Design of repairs and prevention”, and “Execution of repairs and prevention” are the operational parts of this set of International Standards giving detailed requirements and guidel
23、ines (an extended hierarchy of the parts and other related International Standards are shown in Annex A). ISO 2014 All rights reserved v ISO 16311-1:2014(E) MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Part 1: General principles Maintenance plan Assessment Repair and Prevention Inspection /investig
24、ation Pred iction of deterioration progress Evaluation/ Decision -making Part 2: Assessment of existing structures Part 3: Design of repair and prevention Part 4: E xecution of repair and prevention Performance of structure / structural safety / serviceability / appearance / mitigation of safety ris
25、k due to falling debris of cover concrete,e tc. Planning and design Execution Figure 1 Relationship between each part of this International Standardvi ISO 2014 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 16311-1:2014(E) Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 1: General principles 1 S
26、cope This part of ISO 16311 presents the framework and general principles for maintenance and repair of all kinds of existing concrete structures un-reinforced and reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete and steel-concrete composite structures, or their structural members. In this part of ISO 1631
27、1, deterioration is clearly distinguished from damage occurring in a short period and not developing over subsequent time, such as cracking and scaling due to earthquakes or impact loading, etc. Deterioration is mainly dealt with as a target for the maintenance activities. This part of ISO 16311 als
28、o provides the basic concept of repair and preventions carried out to restore structural performance of existing structures. This part of ISO 16311 does not cover those aspects of maintenance and repair that are related to serviceability and esthetics without direct impact on durability and service
29、life, e.g. cleaning of drains, removal of vegetation, refreshment of paint, etc. This International Standard also does not cover repair of defects during execution of new structures. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
30、are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 16311-2, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 2: Assessment of existing concrete st
31、ructures ISO 16311-3, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 3: Design of repairs and prevention ISO 16311-4, Maintenance and repair of concrete structures Part 4: Execution of repairs and prevention ISO 19338:2007, Performance and assessment requirements for design standards on structur
32、al concrete 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purpose of this International Standard, the following terms and definitions shall apply with those in ISO 19338. 3.1 assessment set of activities performed in order to verify the reliability of an existing structure for future use SOURCE: ISO 13822:2010
33、 ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1 ISO 16311-1:2014(E) 3.2 amended service life revised service life period of a structure-in-service during which it meets prescribed performance requirements for duration specified by the owner, possibly representing an amendment of the original design service life Not
34、e 1 to entry: A change from the original design service life can arise from changing owner requirements, accelerated deterioration of a structure or its components such that they do not meet prescribed performance requirements, a usage change affecting performance requirements, or the owners selecti
35、on of maintenance and repair scenarios that might shorten or extend the original design service life period. Note 2 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.3 design service life period of time specified in design of structure for which a structure or its members is to be used for its intended purpose without majo
36、r repair being necessary Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. Performance Initial performance Required performance Construction stage Remaining service life Amended service life by scenario A of short term repair Remaining design service life Repair in scenario B Performance estimated at assessment stage
37、Performance estimated at design stage Amended service life by scenario B of life extension Repair in scenario A Assessment stage Design service life Predicted service life Performance estimated in scenario B Performance estimated in scenario A Period of time F i g u r e 2 D e f i n i t i o n s o f s
38、 e r v i c e l i f e 3.4 deterioration process that adversely affects the performance of a structure, including reliability over time due to defects and damages caused by naturally occurring chemical, physical, biological, or other environmental actions, repeated mechanical actions such as those cau
39、sing fatigue, wear due to use, abuse, and others, and improper operation and maintenance of the structure SOURCE: ISO 13822:20102 ISO 2014 All rights reserved ISO 16311-1:2014(E) 3.5 durability capability of a structure or any of its members to satisfy, with planned maintenance, the required perform
40、ance over a specified period of time under the influence of the environmental action SOURCE: ISO 13823:2008 Note 1 to entry: “durability” is often used as qualitative term to express condition in which structure maintains its required performance, such as structural safety, serviceability, and appea
41、rance, during the service life. 3.6 inspection conformity evaluation by observation and judgment accompanied as appropriate by measurement, testing, or gauging SOURCE: ISO 16311-2 Note 1 to entry: For structures, this evaluation consists of actions collecting information on the current state of a st
42、ructure through observation and simplified non-destructive or destructive testing supplemented with materials and structural testing, as required. 3.7 investigation collection of information through inspection, document search, load testing, and other testing 3.8 maintenance set of activities taken
43、to check, evaluate the performance of a structure, and preserve/restore it so as to satisfy performance requirements in service 3.9 maintenance category class of maintenance depending on importance, service life, environmental conditions, maintainability of the structures, etc 3.10 maintenance plan
44、plan realizing maintenance strategy in order to ensure that the structure retain the performance within the specified tolerances throughout its service life Note 1 to entry: This includes planning not only for assessment but also for repair or other remedial actions. 3.11 monitoring frequent or cont
45、inuous, normally long-term, observation or measurement with recording of appropriate data for deterioration and/or performance of structure using appropriate equipment 3.12 predicted service life period of time estimated based on activities of assessment, such as recorded performance, previous exper
46、ience, tests, or modeling Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.13 prevention remedial action to prevent or slow down the further deterioration of a structure or structural member and to reduce the possibility of damage to the user or any third party, inhibiting the progress of deterioration, and proacti
47、vely preventing deterioration ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3 ISO 16311-1:2014(E) 3.14 rehabilitation work required to repair and possibly upgrade an existing structure SOURCE: ISO 13822:2010 3.15 remaining design service life period from the time of a given inspection of a structure till the end of
48、its design service life Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.16 remaining service life period from the time of a given assessment of a structure until the end of its predicted service life Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.17 remedial action action carried out with the objective of arresting or slowing d
49、own the deterioration process, restoring or improving the performance of structure, or reducing the danger of damage or injury to the user or any third party 3.18 repair restoration of a structure or its components to an acceptable condition by the renewal or replacement of worn, damaged, or deteriorated components SOURCE: ISO 13823:2008 Note 1 to entry: Repair is adopted to restore structural performance and to mitigate safety risks up to the initially required design level and to achieve the inten
