1、 ISO 2016 Earth-moving machinery Electrical safety of machines utilizing electric drives and related components and systems Part 3: Particular requirements for self- powered machines Engins de terrassement Scurit lectrique des machines utilisant des moteurs lectriques et composants et systmes connex
2、es Partie 3: Exigences particulires pour les machines auto-alimentes INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14990-3 First edition 2016-11-01 Reference number ISO 14990-3:2016(E) ISO 14990-3:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved
3、. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at
4、 the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 14990-3:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative r
5、eferences 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 General requirements . 2 4.1 General . 2 4.2 Special conditions . 2 4.3 Supplies . 2 5 Protection against electric shock hazards . 2 6 Pr ot ection ag ainst electrical fir e hazar ds 2 7 Protection against thermal hazards . 3 8 Protection against mechanical
6、 hazards 3 9 Protection against abnormal operation hazards 3 9.1 General . 3 9.2 Overcurrent protection (OCP) . 4 10 Electric power source 4 11 Wiring 4 12 Electric motors . 4 13 Non-motor loads . 4 14 Controls 4 15 Manuals and documentation . 4 15.1 General . 4 15.2 Information to be provided 4 16
7、Marking 4 16.1 General . 4 16.2 Marking of equipment 5 17 Tests . 5 Annex A (informative) Enquiry form for electrical equipment of self-powered machines .6 Annex B (informative) Comparison of selected requirements of ISO 14990, UN ECE R100 and ISO 6469-3 . 8 Bibliography .15 ISO 2016 All rights rese
8、rved iii Contents Page ISO 14990-3:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member
9、 body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Elect
10、rotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types o
11、f ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be hel
12、d responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is informatio
13、n given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barrie
14、rs to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery, Subcommittee SC 3, Machine characteristics, electrical and electronic systems, operation and maintenance. This document is intended to be used in
15、conjunction with ISO 14990-1.iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 14990-3:2016(E) Introduction This document is a type-C standard as defined in ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events are covered are indicated in ISO 14990-1:2016,
16、Annex A. When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
17、 type-C standard. Electrification is an enabling technology providing increased flexibility in machine form packaging. Because in the past earth-moving machinery (EMM) electrical systems have predominately been in the 1224 V DC range, two safety aspects require particular attention: significantly hi
18、gher voltages, such as are utilized in industrial or structural applications and in other transportation sectors; greater available electrical energy. Portions of this document appear to govern electrical design practices (e.g. Clauses 9, 11, 12, and 17). Their requirements are necessary because cer
19、tain aspects of design cannot be separated from electrical safety. Some of the content of this document is based on IEC 60204-1 and IEC 60204-11, adapted to the needs of earth-moving machinery. Non-electrical hazards are addressed in the ISO 20474 series. Figure 1 is provided as an aid to the unders
20、tanding of the interrelationship of the various elements of a machine and its associated equipment. Figure 1 is a block diagram of a typical machine and associated equipment showing the various elements of the electrical equipment addressed in this document. ISO 2016 All rights reserved v ISO 14990-
21、3:2016(E) Figure 1 Block diagram of a typical machinevi ISO 2016 All rights reserved INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 14990-3:2016(E) Earth-moving machinery Electrical safety of machines utilizing electric drives and related components and systems Part 3: Particular requirements for self-powered machines
22、 1 Scope This document specifies the particular safety requirements for the electrical equipment and its components incorporated in self-powered (utilizing on-board electric power sources) electrically- driven earth-moving machines (EMMs). It is applicable to those machines using on-board voltages i
23、n the range of 50 V36 kV AC r.m.s. at any frequency, and 75 V36 kV DC including any repetition rate of pulsating DC intended for outdoor use. Voltages occurring within devices are not considered to be on-board voltages and are thus not within its scope. It is intended to be used in conjunction with
24、ISO 14990-1, which gives general requirements for EMMs regardless of how they are powered. Requirements specific to externally-powered machines are given in ISO 14990-2. It is possible to have an EMM that is both self-powered and externally powered (e.g. a battery powered machine having a built-in c
25、harger with power supply function), in which case ISO 14990-2 is also applicable. NOTE For machines intended to be operated on-road, automotive standard ISO 6469 and/or UN ECE R100 may provide useful guidance. See Annex B for a comparison of requirements. 2 Normative references The following documen
26、ts are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 14990-1:2016,
27、Earth-moving machinery Electrical safety of machines utilizing electric drives or related components and systems Part 1: General requirements ISO 14990-2, Earth-moving machinery Electrical safety of machines utilizing electric drives or related components and systems Part 2: Particular requirements
28、for externally-powered machines 3 T erms an d definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and abbreviated terms given in ISO 14990-1 apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h
29、ttp:/ /www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/ /www.iso.org/obp ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1 ISO 14990-3:2016(E) 4 General requirements 4.1 General The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 4 shall apply except as modified by this clause. 4.2 Special conditions T
30、he enquiry form given in Annex A can be used as the basis for an agreement between user and supplier to address special conditions, or where certain provisions of this document might not be applicable. The waiver of any requirement shall be limited to situations not covered by this document. 4.3 Sup
31、plies For supply systems such as onboard generators, supply voltage limits are not applicable, provided that the equipment is designed to operate correctly from the supply voltage source. 5 Protection against electric shock hazards The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 5 shall apply except as
32、 modified by this clause. 5.1 See Figure 2 for an example of equipotential bonding for electrical equipment of a self-powered EMM. 5.2 Each protective conductor connecting point on a machine shall be marked or labelled as such using the symbol IEC 60417-5019 1)or with the letters “PE”, or by use of
33、the bicolour combination GREEN-AND- YELLOW, or by any combination of these. The graphical symbol is preferred. Alternatively, each protective conductor connecting point on a self-powered machine may be marked or labelled as such using the symbol IEC 60417-5020 2) . 5.3 On self-powered machines, the
34、protective conductors, the conductive structural parts of the electrical equipment, and those extraneous conductive parts which form the structure of the machine shall all be connected to a protective bonding terminal to provide protection against electric shock. Where a self-powered machine is also
35、 capable of being connected to an external incoming power supply, this protective bonding terminal shall be the connection point for the external protective conductor. When the supply of electrical energy is self-contained within mobile equipment, and when there is no external supply connected (for
36、example when an on-board battery charger is not connected), there is no need to connect such equipment to an external protective conductor. 6 Pr ot ection ag ainst electrical fir e hazar ds The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 6 shall apply. 1) Online database: available at http:/www.graphic
37、al-symbols.info/ 2) Online database: available at http:/www.graphical-symbols.info/2 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 14990-3:2016(E) Figure 2 Example of equipotential bonding for self-powered EMMs 7 Protection against thermal hazards The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 7 shall apply. 8 Pro
38、tection against mechanical hazards The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 8 shall apply. 9 Protection against abnormal operation hazards 9.1 General The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 9 shall apply except as modified by this clause. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3 ISO 14990-3:2016(E)
39、9.2 Overcurrent protection (OCP) Overcurrent protection by means of automatic engine shutoff is permitted if the I 2 t ratings of conductors and components are not exceeded. 10 Electric power source The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 10 shall apply except as modified in this clause. There
40、shall be a means of disconnecting or removing the power source from the rest of the low voltage system. An engine key switch or engine stop feature together with a lockable battery disconnect is sufficient for removing a generator power source. For low-voltage batteries, a switch, relay, plug, conne
41、ctor, or equivalent shall be provided. The device shall be located as close to the source as is practical. It shall be possible to remove power without exposing a service person to live low voltage parts. 11 Wiring The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 11 shall apply. 12 Electric motors The r
42、equirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 12 shall apply. 13 Non-motor loads The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 13 shall apply. 14 Controls The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 14 shall apply. 15 Manuals and documentation 15.1 General The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 15 s
43、hall apply except as modified by this clause. 15.2 Information to be provided Manufacturers shall provide adequate instructions to ensure power supply compatibility for external charging systems. External charging systems are outside the scope of this standard. 16 Marking 16.1 General The requiremen
44、ts of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 16 shall apply except as modified by this clause.4 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 14990-3:2016(E) 16.2 Marking of equipment For equipment having chassis leakage currents greater than 10 mA AC or DC, a warning marking shall be provided adjacent to the PE terminal, and
45、 where necessary on the nameplate of the electrical equipment. The warning shall include information about the leakage current and the minimum cross- sectional area of the external protective conductor. 17 Tests The requirements of ISO 14990-1:2016, Clause 17 shall apply. ISO 2016 All rights reserve
46、d 5 ISO 14990-3:2016(E) Annex A (informative) Enquiry form for electrical equipment of self-powered machines It is recommended that the prospective user of the equipment provide the information indicated by the table below. This information will be helpful toward an agreement between the user and su
47、pplier. Such an agreement facilitates proper design and use of the electrical equipment of the machine by covering basic facts of the application and additional user requirements. Responses may necessarily refer to additional documents. Item of information Response Date Quotation number, order numbe
48、r, etc. Name of manufacturer/supplier Name of purchaser/end user Type of machine 1. Special concerns 1.1 a) Will the machine be used in production or processing of explosive or flammable materials? Yes/No b) If yes, the specific nature of the materials 1.2 a) Might the machine be used in explosive o
49、r flammable atmospheres? Yes/No b) If yes, the specific nature of the atmospheres 1.3 a) Are any materials to be worked by the machine likely to give rise to special hazards? Yes/No b) If yes, specify the nature of the materials and hazards. 1.4 a) Will the machine be used in mines? Yes/No b) If yes, specify the type of mine and material mined. 1.5 Might the machine be exposed to more severe conditions during transportation or storage (e.g. temperatures beyond the normal operating range, etc.)1.6 In
