1、 ISO 2016 Optics and photonics Test methods for telescopic systems Part 3: Test methods for telescopic sights Optique et photonique Mthodes dessai pour systmes tlescopiques Partie 3: Mthodes dessai pour viseurs de tir INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14490-3 Second edition 2016-02-15 Reference number ISO
2、14490-3:2016(E) ISO 14490-3:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanica
3、l, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switz
4、erland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 14490-3:2016(E)Foreword v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Method of measurement of axial parallax . 1 4.1 Principle 1 4.2 Test arrangement 2 4.2.1 General 2 4.2.2 Collimator 2 4.2.3
5、 Telescopic sight . 2 4.2.4 Dioptric tester 2 4.3 Measurement procedure 3 4.4 Test report . 3 5 Method of measurement of parallax 3 5.1 Principle 3 5.2 Test arrangement 3 5.2.1 General 3 5.2.2 Collimator 4 5.2.3 Telescopic sight . 4 5.2.4 Light stop 4 5.2.5 Auxiliary telescope . 4 5.3 Measurement pr
6、ocedure 5 5.4 Test report . 6 6 Method of measurement of eye relief range 6 6.1 Principle 6 6.2 Test arrangement 6 6.2.1 General 6 6.2.2 Collimator 6 6.2.3 Telescopic sight . 6 6.2.4 Measuring magnifier 6 6.3 Measurement procedure 7 6.4 Test report . 8 7 Method of measurement of reticle tracking 8 7
7、.1 Principle 8 7.2 Test arrangement 8 7.2.1 General 8 7.2.2 Collimator 8 7.3 Test procedure . 9 7.4 Test report . 9 8 Method of measurement of line of sight shift due to zooming 9 8.1 Principle 9 8.2 Test arrangement 9 8.2.1 General 9 8.2.2 Test specimen mounting 11 8.2.3 Auxiliary telescope 11 8.3
8、Test procedure 11 8.3.1 Preparation of the test assembly 11 8.3.2 Determination of the measurement values .11 8.4 Precision of the measurement 12 8.5 Test report 12 9 Method of measurement of line of sight shift due to focusing .12 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 14490-3:2016(E)9.
9、1 Principle .12 9.2 Test arrangement .12 9.2.1 General.12 9.2.2 Collimator .13 9.2.3 Telescopic sight 14 9.2.4 Auxiliary telescope 14 9.3 Test procedure 14 9.3.1 Preparation of the test assembly 14 9.3.2 Determination of the measurement values .14 9.4 Precision of the measurement 14 9.5 Test report
10、15 10 General test report 15 iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 14490-3:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
11、 ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborate
12、s closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval cri
13、teria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
14、of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade na
15、me used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Techni
16、cal Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 4, Telescopic systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14490-3:2004), which has be
17、en technically revised with the following changes: a) Clause 9 “Method of measurement of line of sight shift due to focusing” was added; b) the term “magnification” was replaced by “magnifying power” in various instances. ISO 14490 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and
18、photonics Test methods for telescopic systems: Part 1: Test methods for basic characteristics Part 2: Test methods for binocular systems Part 3: Test methods for telescopic sights Part 4: Test methods for astronomical telescopes Part 5: Test methods for transmittance Part 6: Test methods for veiling
19、 glare index Part 7: Test methods for limit of resolution Part 8: Test methods for night-vision devices ISO 2016 All rights reserved v Optics and photonics Test methods for telescopic systems Part 3: Test methods for telescopic sights 1 Scope This part of ISO 14490 specifies test equipment and test
20、procedures for determination of the following optical characteristics of telescopic sights: axial parallax; parallax; eye relief range; reticle tracking; line of sight shift due to zooming; line of sight shift due to focusing. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are
21、normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 141321, Optics and photonics Vocabulary for telescopi
22、c systems Part 1: General terms and alphabetical indexes of terms in ISO 14132 ISO 141323, Optics and photonics Vocabulary for telescopic systems Part 3: Terms for telescopic sights ISO 141351:2014, Optics and photonics Specifications for telescopic sights Part 1: General- purpose instruments ISO 14
23、1352:2014, Optics and photonics Specifications for telescopic sights Part 2: High- performance instruments 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14132-1 and ISO 14132-3 apply. 4 Method of measurement of axial parallax 4.1 Principle This
24、test method describes the measurement of the axial distance between the reticle of a telescopic sight and an image, formed by the objective lens of this telescopic sight (where the reticle is in the first image plane) or by the objective lens and erecting system (where the reticle is in the second i
25、mage INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 14490-3:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1 ISO 14490-3:2016(E) plane). The distance between the reticle of the telescopic sight and image plane of the collimator reticle along the optical axis p axis expressed in dioptres (m 1 ) and measured with the auxiliary te
26、lescope. 4.2 Test arrangement 4.2.1 General Measurement of the axial parallax shall be carried out with the test arrangement shown in Figure 1. It shall be possible to adjust the alignment of the collimator and the telescopic sight relative to each other. This can be achieved by adjusting the collim
27、ator and/or the telescopic sight. 1 23 4 Key 1 collimator 6 filter 2 telescopic sight 7 reticle of collimator 3 dioptric tester 8 reticle of telescopic sight 4 observers eye 9 image plane of collimator reticle 5 illumination unit 10 reticle of dioptric tester Figure 1 Test arrangement for measuring
28、axial parallax 4.2.2 Collimator The collimator shall have a useful diameter larger than the objective lens diameter of the telescopic sight under test and a focal length of at least ten times the diameter of the collimator lens. The reticle of the collimator should have geometric features appropriat
29、e to assess the offset, e.g. a cross-hair. The axial position of this reticle shall be correctly adjusted to form an image at the specified parallax-free distance of the telescopic sight under test. The illumination unit shall create a uniform brightness over the aperture of the collimator. To avoid
30、 chromatic aberrations, a green filter (approximately 0,55 m) shall be used. 4.2.3 Telescopic sight The telescopic sight and/or the collimator shall be adjusted relative to each other so that both optical axes are parallel and in such a position that the objective lens of the telescopic sight is com
31、pletely illuminated. The centre of the reticle of the telescopic sight shall be near the optical axis of the sight. 4.2.4 Dioptric tester The dioptric tester shall have an aperture larger than the exit pupil of the telescopic sight and a magnifying power sufficient to ensure a precise measurement (i
32、.e. 3 to 6).2 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 14490-3:2016(E) 4.3 Measurement procedure Set the dioptric tester to zero with its eyepiece adjusted to obtain a sharp image of its own reticle. The eyepiece of the telescopic sight shall be focused on the reticle of the telescopic sight to obtain a sha
33、rp image while viewing through the dioptric tester. For telescopic sights with fixed eyepiece, use the dioptric tester to focus on the reticle of the telescopic sight. The dioptre setting of the dioptric tester shall be adjusted to obtain a sharp image of the collimator reticle. The axial parallax i
34、n the image space, p ax , shall be determined by the difference of the two readings on the dioptric tester. The uncertainty of measurement for p ax(expressed in m 1 ) shall not exceed Formula (1): D (1) where D is the exit pupil diameter of the telescopic sight expressed in metres. For exit pupil di
35、ameters larger than 7 mm, the value in the formula shall be D = 7 mm. The axial parallax in the object space, p ax , is calculated as given in Formula (2): p p (2) where is the magnifying power of the telescopic sight under test. NOTE The image quality of the test setup (including the telescopic sig
36、ht under test) influences the measurement error. 4.4 Test report A test report shall be presented and shall include the general information specified in Clause 10 and the result of the test as specified in 4.3. 5 Method of measurement of parallax 5.1 Principle This method describes the determination
37、 of the angular deviation between the aiming lines for on-axis and off-axis observation. NOTE For exit pupil diameters of approximately 2 mm or less, only the test method for axial parallax is appropriate. 5.2 Test arrangement 5.2.1 General Measurement of the parallax shall be carried out with the t
38、est arrangement shown in Figure 2. It shall be possible to adjust the alignment of the collimator and the telescopic sight relative to each other. This can be achieved by adjusting the collimator and/or the telescopic sight. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3 ISO 14490-3:2016(E) 1 23 4 d Key 1 collimato
39、r 6 filter 2 telescopic sight 7 reticle of collimator 3 auxiliary telescope 8 light stop, off-axis 4 observers eye 9 reticle of telescopic sight 5 illumination unit 10 reticle of auxiliary telescope Figure 2 Test arrangement for measuring parallax 5.2.2 Collimator The collimator shall have a useful
40、diameter larger than the objective lens diameter of the telescopic sight under test and a focal length of at least ten times the diameter of the collimator lens. The reticle of the collimator should have geometric features appropriate to assess the offset, e.g. a cross-hair. The axial position of th
41、is reticle shall be correctly adjusted to form an image at the specified parallax-free distance of the telescopic sight under test. The illumination unit shall create a uniform brightness over the aperture of the collimator. To avoid chromatic aberrations, a green filter (approximately 0,55 m) shall
42、 be used. 5.2.3 Telescopic sight The telescopic sight and/or the collimator shall be adjusted relative to each other so that both optical axes are parallel and in such a position that the objective lens of the telescopic sight is completely illuminated. The centre of the reticle of the telescopic si
43、ght shall be near the optical axis of the sight. 5.2.4 Light stop The light stop shall have a diameter, d, in millimetres, (see Figure 2) of d = (1,2 0,1) where is the magnifying power of the telescopic sight under test. The light stop shall be adjustable in a horizontal direction over the whole dia
44、meter of the entrance pupil of the telescopic sight. 5.2.5 Auxiliary telescope The auxiliary telescope shall have an aperture larger than the exit pupil of the telescopic sight and a magnification sufficient to ensure a precise measurement. The auxiliary telescope reticle shall have a scale in minut
45、es of arc on its horizontal axis, with subdivisions of at most 2 minutes of arc (MOA). The auxiliary telescope shall be focused to infinity.4 ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO 14490-3:2016(E) 5.3 Measurement procedure The eyepiece of the telescopic sight shall be focused on the reticle of the telesco
46、pic sight to obtain a sharp image while viewing through the auxiliary telescope. Adjust the light stop to two opposite positions, so that in each of them, its outer edge corresponds to the edge of the entrance pupil of the telescopic sight. Use the auxiliary telescope to determine the change, , in M
47、OA, of the angular deviation between the images of the collimator reticle and the telescopic sight reticle in the two light stop positions (see Figure 3). 23 1 Key 1 telescopic sight 2 reticle of telescopic sight 3 image plane of collimator reticle change, in MOA, of the angular deviation between th
48、e images of the collimator reticle and the telescopic sight reticle in the two light stop positions Figure 3 Explanation of measurement of quantity The parallax p in the image space is calculated as given in Formula (3): p 2(3) The maximum parallax in the object space p is calculated as given in For
49、mula (4): p p (4) where is the magnifying power of the telescopic sight under test. The uncertainty of measurement for p shall not exceed 1,0 MOA. NOTE For practical purposes, the relations between parallax and axial parallax are given by the following formulae: , expressed in milliradians , expressed in minutes of arc where D is the exit pupil diameter, expressed in mi
