1、 Reference number ISO 13232-2:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-2 Second edition 2005-12-15 Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data Mot
2、ocycles Mthodes dessai et danalyse de lvaluation par la recherche des dispositifs, monts sur les motocycles, visant la protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions Partie 2: Dfinition des conditions de choc en fonction des donnes sur les accidents ISO 13232-2:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF fi
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7、 copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reserved ISO 2005All rights reserved iiiContents Page Forewordv Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 D
8、efinitions 2 4 Requirements.2 4.1 Impact variables.2 4.2 Standardized accident configurations 3 4.3 Impact configurations for full-scale tests .3 5 Analysis methods6 5.1 Using accident data to determine frequency of occurrence of various impact configurations6 5.2 Using accident data to determine fr
9、equency of injury by body region and injury type of various impact configurations .10 6 Documentation and reporting 11 Annex A (normative) Motorcycle accident report12 Annex B (normative) Resulting frequency of occurrence for the combined Los Angeles and Hannover databases .15 Annex C (normative) Ex
10、ample accident data.18 Annex D (normative) Resulting frequency of injury by body region and injury type for the combined Los Angeles and Hannover databases36 Annex E (informative) Frequency of occurrence data in non-SI units 39 Annex F (informative) Rationale for ISO/DIS 13232-244 Figures Figure 1 T
11、arget impact geometries at first MC/OV contact for seven required impact configurations 4 Figure 2 OV contact point codes6 Figure 3 MC contact point codes .6 Figure 4 Relative heading angle 6 Figure 5 Diagram of relative heading angle (angle of OV x axis relative to MC x axis, regardless of relative
12、 positions of OV and MC) with code numbers 8 Figure B.1 Geometries occurring for 200 combined Los Angeles and Hannover impact configurations involving 501 accidents.16 Figure F.1 Distribution of raw relative heading angles for Los Angeles and Hannover accidents 50 Figure F.2 Examples of geometry rec
13、lassification .52 Figure F.3 Examples of removed configurations .52 ISO 13232-2:2005(E) iv ISO 2005All rights reservedTables Table 1 Impact configurations for preliminary assessment5 Table 2 Heading angle of OV relative to MC .7 Table 3 OV and MC speed.8 Table 4 Reclassification for left side OV con
14、tact point codes 9 Table 5 Reclassification of geometry codes 9 Table 6 List of removed configurations 10 Table A.1 Injury body region codes14 Table A.2 Injury type codes14 Table B.1 Opposing vehicle and motorcycle speeds and frequencies of occurrence for 200 combined Los Angeles and Hannover impact
15、 configurations.17 Table C.1 Legend for Los Angeles and Hannover databases.19 Table C.2 Los Angeles data.20 Table C.3 Hannover data.29 Table D.1 Head injury configurations (helmeted concussions, AIS 2) involving 67 accidents .36 Table D.2 Lower leg injury configurations (fractures, AIS 2) involving
16、80 accidents37 Table D.3 Upper leg injury configurations (fractures, AIS 2) involving 37 accidents38 Table E.1 Opposing vehicle and motorcycle speeds and frequencies of occurrence for 200 combined Los Angeles and Hannover impact configurations.40 Table E.2 Head injury configurations (helmeted concus
17、sions, AIS 2) involving 67 accidents .41 Table E.3 Lower leg injury configurations (fractures, AIS 2) involving 80 accidents 42 Table E.4 Upper leg injury configurations (fractures, AIS 2) involving 37 accidents 43 ISO 13232-2:2005(E) ISO 2005All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Orga
18、nization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establis
19、hed has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization
20、. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. P
21、ublication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pate
22、nt rights. ISO 13232-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles. This second edition cancels and replaces the first version (ISO 13232-2:1996), which has been technically revised. ISO 13232 consists of the following parts, under the general title
23、Motorcycles Test analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles: Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy Part 4:
24、Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement procedures Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures Part 7: Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests Part 8: Documentation and reports ISO 13232-2
25、:2005(E) vi ISO 2005All rights reservedIntroduction ISO 13232 has been prepared on the basis of existing technology. Its purpose is to define common research methods and a means for making an overall evaluation of the effect that devices which are fitted to motorcycles and intended for the crash pro
26、tection of riders, have on injuries, when assessed over a range of impact conditions which are based on accident data. It is intended that all of the methods and recommendations contained in ISO 13232 should be used in all basic feasibility research. However, researchers should also consider variati
27、ons in the specified conditions (for example, rider size) when evaluating the overall feasibility of any protective device. In addition, researchers may wish to vary or extend elements of the methodology in order to research issues which are of particular interest to them. In all such cases which go
28、 beyond the basic research, if reference is to be made to ISO 13232, a clear explanation of how the used procedures differ from the basic methodology should be provided. ISO 13232 was prepared by ISO/TC 22/SC 22 at the request of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Group for Road Vehic
29、le General Safety (UN/ECE/TRANS/SCI/WP29/GRSG), based on original working documents submitted by the International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), and comprising eight interrelated parts. This revision of ISO 13232 incorporates extensive technical amendments throughout all the parts, re
30、sulting from extensive experience with the standard and the development of improved research methods. In order to apply ISO 13232 properly, it is strongly recommended that all eight parts be used together, particularly if the results are to be published. ISO 13232-2:2005(E) DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STAND
31、ARD ISO 2005All rights reserved 11 Scope This part of ISO 13232 specifies minimum requirements for the collection and analysis of all motorcycle accident data, in order to provide: a standardized and representative sub-set of car/motorcycle accident data; and a sub-set of car/motorcycle impact condi
32、tions based on the analysis of this standardized accident data. ISO 13232 specifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision. ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests inv
33、olving: two-wheeled motorcycles; the specified type of opposing vehicle; either a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles; for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact; one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcy
34、cle; the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body region; and evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with the proposed devices). ISO 13232 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes.
35、 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13232-1, Motorcycles
36、Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 1: Definition, and general considerations Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 2: Definition of i
37、mpact conditions in relation to accident data ISO 13232-2:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005All rights reserved3 Definitions The following terms are defined in ISO 13232-1. For the purposes of this part of ISO 13232, those definitions apply. Additional definitions which could apply to this part of ISO 13232 are als
38、o listed in ISO 13232-1: cell; cell range; centre line of the OV or MC; corner of the OV; MC front unsprung assembly; MC contact point; MC impact speed; nominal values; OV contact point; OV impact speed; overall length of the OV or MC; relative heading angle (rha); structural element of the MC. 4 Re
39、quirements 4.1 Impact variables The following impact variables shall define an impact test or impact data for an accident: relative heading angle; opposing vehicle (OV) impact speed; motorcycle (MC) impact speed; OV contact point; MC contact point. These variables shall be as defined in 4.3 for impa
40、ct tests and in Annex A for accident reports. ISO 13232-7, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 7: Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests AIS-90:1990, Association
41、for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM), Des Plaines, IL, USA The abbreviated injury scale, 1990 revision ISO 13232-2:2005(E) ISO 2005All rights reserved 34.2 Standardized accident configurations Standardized accident configurations shall be used for overall evaluations of rider crash prot
42、ective devices, for failure mode and effects analyses of such devices, and for full-scale impact tests intended to verify such analyses. The standardized accident configurations and corresponding frequencies shown in Annex B, which are the result of applying the requirements of 4.2.2.1 and clause 5
43、to the combined accident data listed in Annex C, shall be used for such purposes. NOTE The accident databases listed in Annex C were the only ones which met the requirements of this part of ISO 13232 and which were made available in a timely way to the group preparing ISO 13232. 4.2.1 Data collectio
44、n for future revisions In future revisions of ISO 13232, Annex B may be revised to account for different accident databases which may be included in Annex C. In this case, the requirements of 4.2 and clause 5, which are also subject to revision, shall be applied to the contents of Annex C. The resul
45、ts of such revisions to the standardized frequency of injury data, given in Annex D, along with the resulting frequency of occurrence data, given in Annex B, should be considered in potential revisions to the full-scale impact configurations, given in 4.3. 4.2.2 Accident sampling The following impac
46、t configurations shall be used in defining impact conditions in relation to accident data. 4.2.2.1 Defining frequency of occurrence of various impact configurations The accident database for each region shall include at least 200 MC accidents and shall be uniformly sampled data from all reporting fa
47、cilities for a given region (i.e., a randomized sample). The samples shall be the result of in- depth investigations including on-site measurements and reconstructions. The subsample used, as determined in 5.1.1, shall consist only of those accidents involving impacts between motorcycles and passeng
48、er cars. The database shall include all of the impact variables listed in 4.1 and A.1 and shall be available for analysis and potential publication as part of ISO 13232. 4.2.2.2 Defining frequency of injury of various impact configurations Additionally, for each accident the following injury data fo
49、r each injury, as defined in A.2, shall be included: injury body region; injury type; injury severity, as defined by the AAAM abbreviated injury scale (AIS). The database shall also include the variables listed in A.3 and should include the variables listed in A.4. 4.3 Impact configurations for full-scale tests The following impact configurations shall be used for full-scale tests. 4.3.1
