1、 Reference number ISO 13232-1:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-1 Second edition 2005-12-15 Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations Motocycles Mthod
2、es dessai et danalyse de lvaluation par la recherche des dispositifs, monts sur les motocycles, visant la protection des motocyclistes contre les collisions Partie 1: Dfinitions, symboles et gnralits ISO 13232-1:2005(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with
3、Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing pol
4、icy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every
5、care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2005 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication
6、may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Te
7、l. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reserved ISO 2005 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative References.1 3 Terms and definitions .2 3.1 General terms.2 3.2 De
8、finition of impact conditions in relation to accident data (see ISO 13232-2)5 3.3 Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy (see ISO 13232-3).6 3.4 Variables to be measured, instrumentation, and measurement procedures (see ISO 13232-4).7 3.5 Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis (see ISO 13232-5)8
9、 3.6 Full-scale impact test procedures (see ISO 13232-6) 10 3.7 Standardized procedures for performing computer simulations of motorcycle impact tests (see ISO 13232-7).12 4 Symbols and abbreviations13 4.1 Symbols13 4.2 Subscripts 14 Annex A (informative) Rationale for ISO 13232 - A common approach
10、.17 Bibliography21 Alphabetical Index 27 Figure Figure A.1 Functional relationships among the parts of ISO 13232 18 Tables Table 1 Symbols used in ISO 13232 .13 Table 2 Meanings of subscripts for body regions and parts 14 Table 3 Meanings of subscripts other than those for body regions and parts.15
11、ISO 13232-1:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Eac
12、h member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internation
13、al Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standard
14、s adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject o
15、f patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 13232-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles. This second edition cancels and replaces the first version (ISO 13232-1:1996), which has been t
16、echnically revised. ISO 13232 consists of the following parts, under the general title Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles: Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations Part 2: Definition of impact condit
17、ions in relation to accident data Part 3: Motorcyclist anthropometric impact dummy Part 4: Variables to be measured, instrumentation and measurement procedures Part 5: Injury indices and risk/benefit analysis Part 6: Full-scale impact-test procedures Part 7: Standardized procedures for performing co
18、mputer simulations of motorcycle impact tests Part 8: Documentation and reports ISO 13232-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO 13232 has been prepared on the basis of existing technology. Its purpose is to define common research methods and a means for making an overall evaluatio
19、n of the effect that devices which are fitted to motorcycles and intended for the crash protection of riders, have on injuries, when assessed over a range of impact conditions which are based on accident data. It is intended that all of the methods and recommendations contained in ISO 13232 should b
20、e used in all basic feasibility research. However, researchers should also consider variations in the specified conditions (for example, rider size) when evaluating the overall feasibility of any protective device. In addition, researchers may wish to vary or extend elements of the methodology in or
21、der to research issues which are of particular interest to them. In all such cases which go beyond the basic research, if reference is to be made to ISO 13232, a clear explanation of how the used procedures differ from the basic methodology should be provided. ISO 13232 was prepared by ISO/TC 22/SC
22、22 at the request of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Group for Road Vehicle General Safety (UN/ECE/TRANS/SCI/WP29/GRSG), based on original working documents submitted by the International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), and comprising eight interrelated parts. This rev
23、ision of ISO 13232 incorporates extensive technical amendments throughout all the parts, resulting from extensive experience with the standard and the development of improved research methods. In order to apply ISO 13232 properly, it is strongly recommended that all eight parts be used together, par
24、ticularly if the results are to be published. ISO 13232-1:2005(E) DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13232-1:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 11 Scope This part of ISO 13232 provides the definitions, abbreviations, symbols and other general considerations used in all parts of ISO 13232, which spec
25、ifies the minimum requirements for research into the feasibility of protective devices fitted to motorcycles, which are intended to protect the rider in the event of a collision. ISO 13232 is applicable to impact tests involving: two-wheeled motorcycles; the specified type of opposing vehicle; eithe
26、r a stationary and a moving vehicle or two moving vehicles; for any moving vehicle, a steady speed and straight-line motion immediately prior to impact; one helmeted dummy in a normal seating position on an upright motorcycle; the measurement of the potential for specified types of injury by body re
27、gion; evaluation of the results of paired impact tests (i.e. comparisons between motorcycles fitted and not fitted with the proposed devices). ISO 13232 does not apply to testing for regulatory or legislative purposes. 2 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for t
28、he application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 13232-2, Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation of rider crash protective dev
29、ices fitted to motorcycles Part 2: Definition of impact conditions in relation to accident data AIS-90:1990, Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM) Des Plaines, IL, USA The abbreviated injury scale, 1990 revision Motorcycles Test and analysis procedures for research evaluation
30、 of rider crash protective devices fitted to motorcycles Part 1: Definitions, symbols and general considerations ISO 13232-1:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reservedUN/ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev 1/Amend.2: 1999, The consolidated resolution on the construction of vehicles (R E 3), Rev 1 3 Terms and definit
31、ions 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 motorcycle MC two-wheeled vehicle with an engine cylinder capacity in the case of a thermic engine exceeding 50 cm 3or whatever the means of propulsion a maximum design speed exceeding 50 km/h Adapted from UN/ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev 1/Amend.2: 1999 3.1.2 opposing vehicle
32、OV saloon type passenger car, into which the MC is impacted 3.1.3 leg protective device device which is intended to reduce the frequency of leg bone fractures 3.1.4 structural element of the MC any substantially rigid component of the MC EXAMPLE forks, brake assembly, frame 3.1.5 head protective dev
33、ice device which is intended to reduce the frequency or severity of head concussive injuries 3.1.6 fitted to the motorcycle attached in a permanent manner to a structural element of the motorcycle 3.1.7 crash protection reduction of the frequency or severity of rider injuries during impacts 3.1.8 ri
34、der operator of a motorcycle 3.1.9 baseline MC MC which has not been fitted with a protective device 3.1.10 modified MC MC which has been fitted with a protective device 3.1.11 paired comparison testing and comparing results between two or more identical MCs with the only experimental variable betwe
35、en or among them being the presence of the proposed protective device ISO 2005 All rights reserved 33.1.11.1 single paired comparison paired comparison which includes only one test with a modified MC and only one test with a baseline MC 3.1.11.2 multiple paired comparison paired comparison which inc
36、ludes more than one test with modified MCs, all with the same modification, and an equal number of tests with baseline MCs 3.1.11.3 group of tests all of the tests with the baseline MC and with the modified MC, in a paired comparison which involves more than two tests 3.1.12 impact conditions impact
37、 variables five variables which characterize and define the positions, orientations and velocities of the MC and OV immediately prior to impact in a full-scale impact test, a computer simulation of an impact, or in MC/OV accident data 3.1.12.1 relative heading angle rha angle between the MC x axis a
38、nd the OV x axis measured in a clockwise direction from the MC x axis as viewed from above, immediately prior to first MC/OV contact 3.1.12.2 OV impact speed OVS magnitude of the OV velocity relative to the ground, immediately prior to first MC/OV contact 3.1.12.3 MC impact speed MCS magnitude of th
39、e MC velocity relative to the ground, immediately prior to first MC/OV contact 3.1.12.4 OV contact point (for full-scale tests or computer simulations) OVCP target or measured point on the periphery of the OV, when viewed from above see ISO 13232-2 3.1.12.5 OV contact point for accident analysis, po
40、int representing the region of main and presumably initial structural damage to the OV in a given accident with an MC 3.1.12.6 MC contact point MCCP for full-scale tests or computer simulations, target point on the MC for the main impact with the OV, being the foremost point, the rearmost point or t
41、he midpoint along the MC overall length 3.1.12.7 MC contact point for accident analysis, point representing the region of main and presumably initial structural damage to the MC in a given accident with a passenger car ISO 13232-1:2005(E) ISO 13232-1:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved3.1.13 firs
42、t MC/OV contact first instant in time when a part of the MC or the dummy contacts the OV 3.1.14 time of first MC/OV contact time zero (for film analysis) first frame on the high speed film which shows contact between a part of the MC or the dummy and the OV, or the frame immediately before where the
43、 first light emission from a contact sensing system occurs, whichever is sooner 3.1.15 time of first MC/OV contact for electronic data, instant of initial contact between a part of the MC or the dummy and the OV, sensed by a contact switch and indicated by an electronic pulse on one of the data chan
44、nels 3.1.16 first helmet/OV contact first frame on the high speed film which shows contact between the helmet and the OV 3.1.17 primary impact period time period from 0,050 s before first MC/OV contact until 0,500 s after first MC/OV contact 3.1.18 secondary impact period time period from 0,500 s un
45、til 3,000 s after first MC/OV contact 3.1.19 entire impact sequence time period from 0,050 s before until 3,000 s after first MC/OV contact 3.1.20 axis systems 3.1.20.1 vehicle axis system mutually perpendicular set of three axes fixed in the plane of symmetry of the vehicle, with the x axis in the
46、direction of forward straight line motion, the z axis downward parallel to gravity, and the y axis directed toward the right side of the vehicle 3.1.20.2 specimen axis system mutually perpendicular set of three axes fixed in the specimen, with the axial axis parallel to the axis of symmetry or longe
47、st dimension of the specimen 3.1.20.3 inertial axis system mutually perpendicular set of three axes fixed to the ground, with the x axis parallel to the pre-impact path of the MC, the z axis downward parallel to gravity, and the y axis to the right of the pre-impact path of the MC 3.1.20.4 head axis
48、 system mutually perpendicular set of three axes fixed to the head, with x axis forward and horizontal in the mid-sagittal plane, the z axis downward in the mid-sagittal plane, and the y axis toward the right side of the head, and with the origin located at the Hybrid III head centre of gravity 3.1.
49、20.5 dummy axis system mutually perpendicular set of three axes fixed in each component of the dummy, with the x axis in the forward (anterior) direction, the y axis toward the right side of the dummy, and the z axis in the downward direction, and, in ISO 2005 All rights reserved 5general, passing through any joint axes present in the component, when the dummy is in a standing position, with hands and arms at the dummy sides, elbow pivot axes in the forward direction, palms toward
