1、 Reference number ISO 11745:2010(E) ISO 2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11745 First edition 2010-07-15 Brazing for aerospace applications Qualification test for brazers and brazing operators Brazing of metallic components Brasage fort pour applications arospatiales preuve de qualification des braseur
2、s et des oprateurs braseurs Brasage fort des composants mtalliques ISO 11745:2010(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are license
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7、d ii ISO 2010 All rights reservedISO 11745:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Requirements for the brazing coordinator .2 5 Conditions required for brazer and brazing operator qualification te
8、sts3 6 Qualification test requirements .3 6.1 Brazing processes.3 6.2 Material .3 6.3 Material thickness .4 6.4 Brazing position 4 6.5 Filler material .4 7 Special qualification tests 4 7.1 General requirements .4 7.2 Special qualification tests for brazers.5 7.3 Special qualification tests for braz
9、ing operators.5 8 Designation for qualification test 5 9 Performing the brazer and brazing operator qualification test 6 9.1 General .6 9.2 Theory test .6 9.3 Practical testing.6 10 Examination and testing.8 10.1 General .8 10.2 Visual and dimensional examination 8 10.3 Peel test9 10.4 Radiographic
10、examination9 10.5 Metallographic examination .9 11 Acceptance criteria .9 11.1 General .9 11.2 Brazer qualification test9 11.3 Brazing operator qualification test 9 12 Qualification test certificate .10 13 Period of validity of the qualification 10 14 Requalification test .10 Annex A (informative) B
11、razer qualification test record according to this International Standard .11 Annex B (informative) Brazing operator qualification test record according to this International Standard .12 Annex C (informative) Brazer qualification test certificate.13 Annex D (informative) Brazing operator qualificati
12、on test certificate .14 Annex E (informative) Guidelines for the theory test 16 Bibliography17 ISO 11745:2010(E) iv ISO 2010 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of pr
13、eparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, i
14、n liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main tas
15、k of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attentio
16、n is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11745 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes. Requests for official
17、interpretations of any aspect of this International Standard should be directed to the Secretariat of ISO/TC 44 via your national standards body. A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org. ISO 11745:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved vIntroduction The application of this Inter
18、national Standard ensures that a qualification test can be carried out in accordance with a standard test specification on standard test pieces under standard conditions. A brazer or brazing operator qualification test properly passed in accordance with this International Standard ensures that the b
19、razer or brazing operator concerned has proved possession of at least the minimum degree of manual skills and technical knowledge demanded by the state of the art. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11745:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 1Brazing for aerospace applications Qualification test for brazers
20、 and brazing operators Brazing of metallic components 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a qualification test for brazers engaged in manual brazing of parts and brazing operators in aerospace construction. NOTE 1 Success in the test is an essential precondition for the qualification of br
21、azers (3.1) and brazing operators (3.2) in new production and repair work in aerospace. However, brazing equipment operators (3.3) need not be qualified according to this International Standard. NOTE 2 This International Standard does not apply to general brazing applications covered by ISO 13585 3
22、. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 18279:2003, Brazing
23、Imperfections in brazed joints ANSI/AWS B2.2, Brazing procedure and performance qualification EN 4179:2009, Aerospace series Qualification and approval of personnel for non-destructive testing EN 12799, Brazing Non-destructive examination of brazed joints EN 13134, Brazing Procedure approval 3 Terms
24、 and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 brazer person who performs the brazing in a manual operation and guides the heating means and ensures the introduction of the brazing filler material and verifies the braze joint configuration specifie
25、d by the design 3.2 brazing operator person who prepares the joint and sets up brazing equipment and thereby has direct influence on the brazed joint quality NOTE Examples of brazing equipment are furnaces, salt baths, and induction equipment. ISO 11745:2010(E) 2 ISO 2010 All rights reserved3.3 braz
26、ing equipment operator person who only operates automatic brazing equipment and has no direct influence on the brazed joint quality NOTE Examples of automatic brazing equipment are furnaces, salt baths and induction equipment that require no brazing operator intervention of the thermal process. 3.4
27、examiner person appointed to verify compliance with the applicable standard ISO/TR 25901:2007 5 , 2.119 NOTE In certain cases, an external independent examiner is required. The acceptability of the examiner is at the discretion of the design or engineering authority. 3.5 examining body organization
28、appointed to verify compliance with the applicable standard ISO/TR 25901:2007 5 , 2.120 NOTE In certain cases, an external independent examining body is required. The acceptability of the examining body is at the discretion of the design or engineering authority. 3.6 design/engineering authority org
29、anization that has the responsibility for the structural integrity or maintenance of airworthiness of the hardware and compliance with all relevant documents ISO 24394:2008 4 , 3.7 3.7 braze assembly assembly of parts to be brazed with regard to fit-up procedures NOTE Fit-up procedures can include p
30、recleaning and application of brazing filler material, stop-off material or flux. 3.8 brazing coordinator person responsible and competent to perform brazing coordination NOTE Different brazing coordinators can be required for different tasks. 4 Requirements for the brazing coordinator The brazing c
31、oordinator shall be designated, in writing, as responsible for the brazer or brazing operator qualification test. The brazing coordinator shall have knowledge and experience relevant to the brazing process, and be acceptable to the responsible design authority or recognized examining body. NOTE Exam
32、ple of relevant knowledge is International Welding Engineer (IWE) according to IIW IAB-002-2000/EWF-409 6 . The brazing coordinator may authorize another person to administer the brazer or brazing operator qualification test. ISO 11745:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 35 Conditions required for
33、brazer and brazing operator qualification tests Visual acuity (eyesight) shall be examined for near vision. Brazers and brazing operators shall have visual acuity of 20/30 or better in each eye, and shall be able to read the Jaeger No. 2 eye chart at 400 mm or to pass an equivalent test as specified
34、 by an optometrist. Corrected vision may be used to fulfil eye test requirements. For torch brazing and titanium brazing, colour perception shall be examined, e.g. according to the Ishihara test. Vision shall be tested to these requirements at least every two years. 6 Qualification test requirements
35、 6.1 Brazing processes This International Standard covers qualification testing for the following brazing processes with their reference numbers according to ISO 4063 2 : 911 infrared brazing; 912 flame brazing, torch brazing; 916 induction brazing; 918 resistance brazing; 919 diffusion brazing; 921
36、 furnace brazing; 922 vacuum brazing; 923 dip-bath brazing; 924 salt-bath brazing. NOTE Other brazing processes not yet specified in ISO 4063 2may be covered. 6.2 Material The brazer or brazing operator qualification tests are performed according to the material groups specified below. A brazer or b
37、razing operator qualification test is only valid for the material group applied in the qualification test. It does not include any other material group. Material group A: Unalloyed steels, low-alloyed steels, high-alloyed ferritic steels. Material group B: High-alloyed austenitic and martensitic ste
38、els, nickel and nickel alloys, cobalt alloys. Material group C: Titanium and titanium alloys. Material group D: Aluminium and aluminium alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys. Material group E: Materials that do not conform to material groups A to D (e.g. molybdenum, tungsten, copper alloys). Qualif
39、ication of material group B also qualifies material group A. ISO 11745:2010(E) 4 ISO 2010 All rights reserved6.3 Material thickness For the brazer qualification test only, a test brazement with parent material of nominal thicknesses t 1and t 2shall qualify brazements within a thickness range from 0,
40、9t 1to 1,1t 2 , with t 1u t 2 . 6.4 Brazing position For the brazer qualification test only, the test pieces (see 9.3.4) shall be brazed in the following brazing positions: a) test pieces TP1 and TP3: flat flow (horizontal flow of braze filler material); b) test piece TP2: vertical tube 1)axis (vert
41、ical upflow of braze filler material). These brazing positions and flow directions qualify for any brazing position and any flow direction. 6.5 Filler material For manual brazing, the range of qualification for brazing filler material application and liquidus temperatures are given in Tables 1 and 2
42、. Table 1 Range of qualification for brazing filler material application Test piece brazing filler material application Range of qualification manually or mechanically fed manually or mechanically fed and preplaced preplaced preplaced Table 2 Range of qualification for brazing filler material liquid
43、us temperatures Test piece brazing filler material liquidus temperature Range of qualification 850 C 850 C W 850 C All 7 Special qualification tests 7.1 General requirements Any changes to the requirements defined in this International Standard are classified as special qualification tests. As requi
44、red by actual production, the brazing coordinator specifies test pieces with defined brazing processes and material thickness. A special qualification test only qualifies for brazing under the specific conditions represented by the qualification test. If test methods are not in accordance with this
45、International Standard, they shall be defined by the brazing coordinator. The brazing coordinator shall define additional test methods and also increase the quality requirements as defined by the design or engineering authority. A special qualification test shall be marked in the designation with an
46、 “X”. 1) The word “tube”, alone or in combination, is used to mean “pipe”, “tube” or “hollow section”. ISO 11745:2010(E) ISO 2010 All rights reserved 57.2 Special qualification tests for brazers Examples are qualifications for: a) brazing with special condition for restricted accessibility; b) brazi
47、ng on dissimilar material groups; c) brazing on plated surfaces; d) brazing performed on actual production parts; e) application of filler material different to that specified for standard test pieces. 7.3 Special qualification tests for brazing operators Examples are: a) qualification for brazing o
48、n dissimilar material groups; b) restriction to braze assembly work only; c) restriction to brazing operation only (i.e. excluding braze assembly work); d) brazing operator qualification performed on actual production parts. 8 Designation for qualification test The designation of a brazer qualificat
49、ion test is composed in the sequence: a) “brazer qualification test”; b) number of this International Standard; c) brazing process code number according to ISO 4063 2 ; d) material group; e) test piece thickness combination. EXAMPLE 1 Qualification test for manual torch brazing (912) of steel, material group B, test piece thickness combination of t 1with 1 mm and t 2with 4 mm, qualifying any thickness combination between 0,9 mm and 4,4 mm, see 6.3: Brazer qualification test ISO 1
