1、 Reference number ISO 11486:2006(E) ISO 2006INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11486 Second edition 2006-09-01 Motorcycles Methods for setting running resistance on a chassis dynamometer Motocycles Mthodes pour fixer la rsistance lavancement sur un banc dynamomtrique ISO 11486:2006(E) PDF disclaimer This PD
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6、 ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2006 All rights reservedISO 11486:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1
7、 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Symbols . 2 5 Test motorcycle, chassis dynamometer and instruments . 3 6 Required accuracy of measurements. 4 7 Road test 4 7.1 Requirement for road . 4 7.2 Ambient conditions for the road test 4 7.3 Reference speed . 5 7.4 Specified speed. 5
8、7.5 Coastdown starting speed. 5 7.6 Coastdown time measurement beginning speed and ending speed 5 7.7 Preparation of test motorcycle 5 7.8 Rider and riding position . 6 7.9 Measurement of coastdown time 6 8 Data processing 8 8.1 Calculation of running resistance force. 8 8.2 Running resistance curve
9、 fitting. 8 8.3 Target running resistance force for chassis dynamometer setting 8 9 Chassis dynamometer setting derived from on-road coastdown measurements. 8 9.1 Requirements for the equipment 8 9.2 Inertia mass setting 9 9.3 Warming up of chassis dynamometer 9 9.4 Adjustment of tyre pressures 9 9.
10、5 Motorcycle warming up 9 9.6 Procedures for setting chassis dynamometer 9 9.7 Verification of chassis dynamometer. 12 10 Chassis dynamometer setting using the running resistance table. 12 10.1 Applicability. 12 10.2 Requirements for the equipment 12 10.3 Setting the running resistance force on the
11、chassis dynamometer . 14 10.4 The specified speed for the chassis dynamometer 14 10.5 Verification of chassis dynamometer. 14 Annex A (normative) Motorcycle description 15 Annex B (normative) Chassis dynamometer and instruments description. 17 Annex C (informative) Record of coastdown time and chass
12、is dynamometer setting. 19 Bibliography . 22 ISO 11486:2006(E) iv ISO 2006 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carrie
13、d out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS
14、O collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Internatio
15、nal Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the ele
16、ments of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 11486 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 22, Motorcycles. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edi
17、tion (ISO 11486:1993), which has been technically revised. ISO 11486:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved v Introduction While ISO 11486:1993 gave only a running resistance setting method by coastdown method for the purpose of fuel consumption measurement, this edition of ISO 11486 has been prepared
18、 with the aim of establishing the general setting method that is usable for both exhaust emission testing and fuel consumption testing covering high-speed range driving. In addition to the coastdown method, the table method is introduced in this edition of ISO 11486. In the coastdown method, the run
19、ning resistance of each motorcycle is measured individually on the road, and the measured running resistance is reproduced on a chassis dynamometer. The table method is a simple setting method, where the running resistance value of the motorcycle is determined only with its equivalent inertia mass.
20、When this International Standard is applied to the exhaust emission test or the fuel consumption test, it is essential to follow the requirements specified in those test methods. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11486:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 1 Motorcycles Methods for setting running resistanc
21、e on a chassis dynamometer 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the measurement method for determining the motorcycle running resistance on the road, and two methods of setting the chassis dynamometer with the motorcycle running resistance. It is applicable to motorcycles as defined in ISO
22、3833. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3833, Road vehic
23、les Types Terms and definitions ISO 7117, Motorcycles Measurement of maximum speed 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 running resistance F total force resistant to a running motorcycle which, when measured by the coastdown method
24、, includes the friction forces in the drive-train 3.2 reference speed v 0motorcycle speed at which the running resistance of the motorcycle is calculated and then used for setting the chassis dynamometer 3.3 specified speed v motorcycle speed at which the running resistance on the road is measured t
25、o determine the running resistance curve 3.4 motorcycle kerb mass m kmotorcycle dry mass to which is added the mass of the following: fuel: tank filled at least to 90 % of the capacity specified by the manufacturer; ISO 11486:2006(E) 2 ISO 2006 All rights reserved oils and coolant: filled as specifi
26、ed by the manufacturer; auxiliary equipment usually supplied by the manufacturer in addition to that necessary for normal operation tool-kit, carrier(s), windscreen(s), protective equipment, etc. 3.5 motorcycle reference mass m refkerb mass of the motorcycle increased by a uniform figure of 75 kg, w
27、hich represents the mass of a rider 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols Symbol Definition Unit a The coefficient of polygonal function b The coefficient of polygonal function c The coefficient of polygonal function a TThe rolling resistance forc
28、e of front wheel N b TThe coefficient of aerodynamic N/(km/h) 2d TThe relative air density under test conditions d 0The standard ambient relative air density F The running resistance force N F EThe set running resistance force on the chassis dynamometer N F E (v 0 ) The set running resistance force
29、at the reference speed on the chassis dynamometer N F E (v i ) The set running resistance force at the specified speed on the chassis dynamometer N F fThe total friction loss N F f (v 0 ) The total friction loss at the reference speed N F jThe running resistance force N F j (v 0 ) The running resist
30、ance force at the reference speed N F pauThe braking force of the power absorbing unit N F pau (v j ) The braking force of the power absorbing unit at the specified speed N F pau (v 0 ) The braking force of the power absorbing unit at the reference speed N F TThe running resistance force obtained fr
31、om the running resistance table N F *The target running resistance force N F * jThe target running resistance force at the specified speed N F * (v 0 ) The target running resistance force at the reference speed on the chassis dynamometer N F * (v i ) The target running resistance force at the specif
32、ied speed on the chassis dynamometer N f 0The rolling resistance N f * 0The corrected rolling resistance in the standard ambient conditions N f 2The coefficient of aerodynamic drag N/(km/h) 2f * 2The corrected coefficient of aerodynamic drag in the standard ambient conditions N/(km/h) 2ISO 11486:200
33、6(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 3 Table 1 (continued) Symbol Definition Unit K 0The temperature correction factor for rolling resistance m The test motorcycle mass kg m aThe actual mass of the test motorcycle kg m iThe equivalent inertia mass kg m fiThe flywheel equivalent inertia mass kg m kThe m
34、otorcycle kerb mass kg m rThe equivalent inertia mass of all the wheels kg m refThe motorcycle reference mass kg m ridThe rider mass kg m rfThe rotating mass of the front wheel kg m r1The equivalent inertia mass of the rear wheel and the motorcycle parts rotating with the wheel kg p 0The standard am
35、bient pressure kPa p TThe mean ambient pressure during the test kPa T TThe mean ambient temperature during the test K T 0The standard ambient temperature K v The specified speed km/h v jThe specified speeds which are selected for coastdown time measurement km/h v 0The reference speed km/h v 1The spe
36、ed at which the measurement of the coastdown time begins km/h v 2The speed at which the measurement of the coastdown time ends km/h T EThe corrected coastdown time at the inertia mass (m i +m r1 ) s T iThe average coastdown time at the specified speed s T jThe average coastdown time of the two tests
37、 s T roadThe target coastdown time s t The coastdown time s t The mean coastdown time on the chassis dynamometer without absorption s t EThe mean coastdown time on the chassis dynamometer at the reference speed s t aiThe coastdown time measured during the first road test s t biThe coastdown time mea
38、sured during the second road test s t iThe coastdown time corresponding to the reference speed s v The coastdown speed interval (2 v = v 1 v 2 ) km/h The chassis dynamometer setting error 0The standard relative ambient air volumetric mass kg/m 35 Test motorcycle, chassis dynamometer and instruments
39、A full description of the motorcycle shall be provided in accordance with Annex A. A full description of the chassis dynamometer and instruments shall be provided in accordance with Annex B. ISO 11486:2006(E) 4 ISO 2006 All rights reserved6 Required accuracy of measurements Measurements shall be mad
40、e to the accuracies as specified in Table 2. Table 2 Required accuracy of measurements Parameter At measured value Resolution a) Running resistance force, F +2 % b) Motorcycle speed (v 1 ,v 2 ) 1 % 0,45 km/h c) Coastdown speed interval 2 v = v 1 v 2 1 % 0,10 km/h d) Coastdown time ( t) 0,5 % 0,01 s
41、e) Total motorcycle mass m k+ m rid 1,0 % 1,4 kg f) Wind speed 10 % 0,1 m/s g) Wind direction 5 deg. h) Ambient temperature 2 K i) Barometric pressure 0,2 kPa 7 Road test 7.1 Requirement for road The test road shall be flat, level, straight and smoothly paved. The road surface shall be dry and free
42、of obstacles or wind barriers that might impede the measurement of the running resistance. The slope of the surface shall not exceed 0,5 % between any two points at least 2 m apart. 7.2 Ambient conditions for the road test During data collecting periods, the wind shall be steady. The wind speed and
43、the direction of the wind shall be measured continuously or with adequate frequency at a location where the wind force during coastdown is representative. The ambient conditions shall be within the following limits: maximum wind speed: 3 m/s; maximum wind speed for gusts: 5 m/s; average wind speed,
44、parallel: 3 m/s; average wind speed, perpendicular: 2 m/s; maximum relative humidity: 95 %; air temperature: 278 K to 308 K. Standard ambient conditions shall be as follows: pressure, p 0 : 100 kPa; temperature, T 0 : 293 K; ISO 11486:2006(E) ISO 2006 All rights reserved 5 relative air density, d T
45、: 0,9197; air volumetric mass, 0 : 1,189 kg/m 3 . The relative air density when the motorcycle is tested, calculated in accordance with the formula below, shall not differ by more than 7,5 % from the air density under the standard conditions. The relative air density, d T , shall be calculated by th
46、e following formula: 0 T T0 0T T p dd p T = (1) 7.3 Reference speed The reference speed or speeds shall be as defined in the test cycle. 7.4 Specified speed The specified speed, v, is required to prepare the running resistance curve. To determine the running resistance as a function of motorcycle sp
47、eed in the vicinity of the reference speed, v 0 , running resistances shall be measured using at least four specified speeds, including the reference speed(s). The range of specified speed points (the interval between the maximum and minimum points) shall extend either side of the reference speed or
48、 the reference speed range, if there is more than one reference speed, by at least v, as defined in 7.6. The specified speed points, including the reference speed point(s), shall be no greater than 20 km/h apart and the interval of specified speeds should be the same. From the running resistance cur
49、ve, the running resistance at the reference speed(s) can be calculated. 7.5 Coastdown starting speed The coastdown starting speed shall be more than 5 km/h above the highest speed at which coastdown time measurement begins, since sufficient time is required, for example to settle the positions of both the motorcycle and rider and to cut the transmitted engine power off before the speed is reduced to v 1 , the speed at which the measurement of
