1、INTERNATIONAL STANDARD First edition 1996-l 2-l 5 Information and documentation - Georgian alphabet coded character set for bibliographic information interchange lnforma tion et documentation - Jeu de caracMes cod Gl: ESC Z/9 F; G2: ESC 2/l 0 F; G3: ESC 2/l 1 F (“F” represents the final character of
2、 the escape sequence). 1 IS0 10586:1996(E) 4 Code table for the Georgian alphabet Table 1 is the code table for the Georgian alphabet. Table 1 b 7 . . b 6 . b 5 b 4 b 3 b 2 b 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 2 r 0 0 1 1 3 I 0 1 0 0 4 0 1 0 1 5 I 0 1 1 0 6 0 1 1 1 7 1 0 0 0 8 1 0 0 1 9 1 0 1 0 A 1 0 1 1
3、 B 1 1 0 0 C 1 1 0 1 D , 1 1 1 0 E 1 1 1 1 F 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 OIOIl - . . - I1 I0I0I1 I1 01 Ilo1 1Iol 4 01 Reserved for future standardization 0 IS0 IS0 10586:1996(E) 5 Legend Table 2 gives the code, graphic and name of each character. Code Graphic Name Code Graphic Name 2102F 3003F 4004c 4D 4E 4F 50
4、 b 51 a 52 a 53 P 54 3 55 3 56 93 57 9) 58 0, 59 0 5A d 5B 12! 5c a 5D 6 5E Q 5F n (These positions shall not be used) (These positions shall not be used) (These positions shall not be used) GEORGIAN FULL STOP GEORGIAN COMMA GEORGIAN PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR GEORGIAN LETTER AN GEORGIAN LETTER BAN GEORGIA
5、N LETTER GAN GEORGIAN LETTER DON GEORGIAN LETTER EN GEORGIAN LETTER VIN GEORGIAN LETTER ZEN GEORGIAN LETTER HE GEORGIAN LETTER TAN GEORGIAN LETTER IN GEORGIAN LETTER KAN GEORGIAN LETTER LAS GEORGIAN LETTER MAN GEORGIAN LETTER NAR GEORGIAN LETTER HIE GEORGIAN LETTER ON Table 2 60 3 GEORGIAN LETTER PA
6、R 61 3 GEORGIAN LETTER ZHAR 62 6 GEORGIAN LETTER RAE 63 b GEORGIAN LETTER SAN 64 6 GEORGIAN LETTER TAR 65 3 GEORGIAN LETTER UN 66 3 GEORGIAN LETTER WE 67 3 GEORGIAN LETTER PHAR 68 3 GEORGIAN LETTER KHAR 69 P GEORGIAN LETTER GHAN 6A Y GEORGIAN LETTER QAR 6B *d GEORGIAN LETTER SHIN 6C R GEORGIAN LETTE
7、R CHIN 6D b GEORGIAN LETTER CAN 6E d GEORGIAN LETTER JIL 6F ci GEORGIAN LETTER CIL 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 3 b 3 x 3 8 + 7r GEORGIAN LETTER CHAR GEORGIAN LETTER XAN GEORGIAN LETTER HAR GEORGIAN LETTER JAN GEORGIAN LETTER HAE GEORGIAN LETTER HOE GEORGIAN LETTER FI 77. /t (These positions shall not be us
8、ed) 6 Explanatory notes 6.1 Punctuation and numerals Punctuation marks and numerals i n European style used with Georgian are avai lable in the basic Cyrillic set (Registration No. 37 in th e internatio na I register with which this set is designed for us le). 6.2 Rendering of characters The renderi
9、ng of graphic characters is intended solely to identify letters of the Georgian alphabet uniquely. The graphics used do not necessarily represent the most desirable calligraphic forms. 63 . Names of characters The names of characters (but not codes) have been made to correspond as much as possible t
10、o those assigned in lSO/IEC 10646-I. IS0 Annex A (informative) Development of the Georgian script IS0 10586:1996(E) Armenian and Georgian, two of the multitudinous tongues spoken in the Caucasian Region, are vehicles of millennial civilizations. Both languages present peculiar phonetic resemblances
11、in spite of their completely different origins. Georgian, or Grusinian, is a member of the Kartvelian language family. Armenian is a member of the Indo- European language family. Each language has its own alphabet, which resemble one another, since the alphabets developed from the same source. Accor
12、ding to one tradition, these two alphabets were invented circa A.D. 406 by the Armenian monk, missionary and theologian Mesrop Mastoc (ca. A.D. 360 to A.D. 439), who also invented an alphabet for the now extinct language Albani (or Caucasian Albanian). According to another tradition, the Georgian sc
13、ript was invented circa A.D. 300 by the Georgian king, Parnavaz. Some scholars allege that it was invented many centuries earlier. The origin of, and the relations between, the three forms of the script are also still in dispute. More likely, the Georgian script was derived, as was the Armenian scri
14、pt, from a Semitic alphabet, the Pahlavi script, used in Persia in the 4th century. It was developed under a strong Greek influence (by Mastoc or perhaps one of his disciples) into an alphabet enabling the Georgian people to spell their language, with its wealth of sounds in a simple and phonemic wa
15、y. Owing to phonetic evolution, a few letters became superfluous. In former times, the Georgian alphabet was also used in writing Ossetic and Abkhaz. The oldest inscription in Georgian dates back to the 5th century. The oldest manuscripts date from the 8th century. The period from A.D. 980 to A.D. 1
16、220 is considered the golden age of Georgian literature. The Georgian script exists in the following three forms. a) Asomtavruli or mrglovani: an upper-case script for ecclesiastical use. It was used from the 5th to the 11 th century. b) Nusxaxucuri: a lower-case script, developed from the asomtavru
17、h (mrglovani) script, also for ecclesiastical use. It was used from the 9th to the 18th century. Both scripts, referred to collectively by the term xucuri (i.e. “script of the priests”), are still sometimes used for religious writings. Asomtavruli as an ornamental version (for inscriptions, titles,
18、initials) of nusxaxucuri. c) Mxedruli (i.e. “script of the warriors”): a lay or civil script, probably developed from the asomtavruli and nusxaxucuri scripts. It has been used since the 11 th century and is the form of the Georgian script commonly used today. The Georgian script consists of 39 lette
19、rs. The modern Georgian script does not have different upper-case and lower-case forms for each letter. The old punctuation consists of a full stop (period), comma, and a paragraph separator. The modern punctuation used is similar to that used with the Latin script. Today, Georgian is spoken in the
20、Republic of Georgia by 3400 000 people, where it is the official language, and also by Georgian minorities in Turkey, Iran, and elsewhere in the world. 5 IS0 10586:1996(E) Annex ,B (informative) Bibliography I I lSO/lEC 646:1991, Information technology - IS0 7-bit coded character set for information
21、 interchange. IS0 962:1974, Information processing - lmplemen tation of the 7-bit coded character set and its 7-bit and 8-bit extensions on g-track 12,7 mm (0.5 in) magnetic tape. 3 IS0 1113:1979, Information processing - Representation of the a-bit coded character set on punched tape. 41 IS0 I 155:
22、 1978, Information processing - Use of longitudinal parity to detect errors in information messages. 151 IS0 1177:1985, Information processing - Character structure for start/stop and synchronous character oriented transmission. 6 IS0 1745:1975, Information processing - Basic mode control procedures
23、 for data communication systems, 7 IS0 2375:1985, Data processing - Procedure for registration of escape sequences. 8 lSO/IEC 10646-I :I 993, Information technology - Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (KS) - Part 7: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane. 9 CENKELI, K. Einftihrung in d
24、ie georgische Sprache. Zurich: s.n. (1958). I 01 DIRINGER, David. The alphabet. 3rd ed. London: Hutchinson (1968). I I FOSSEY, Charles. Notices sur /es caracteres anciens et modernes. Paris: lmprimerie nationale (1927). 12 JUNKER, Heinrich F.J. Das Awesta: Alphabet und der Ursprung der armenischen u
25、nd georgischen Schrift. Cascasis; Leipzig: s.n. (1925-l 926). I 31 VOGT, Hans. fsquisse dune grammaire du georgien moderne. Oslo: A.W. Braggers bogtrykkeri (1930). I41 ZIGZIGURI, Sota. Die georgische Sprache. HaIIe/Saale: M. Niemeyer (1973). 151 ZWOLANEK, Renee Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (197
26、6). This page intentionally left blank This page intentionally left blank This page intentionally left blank IS0 10586:1996(E) ICS 35.040 Descriptors: documentation, bibliographies, data processing, InformatIon interchange, graphic characters, Georgian characters, character sets, coded character sets. Pnce based on 6 pages
