1、ANSI N42.48-2008American National StandardPerformance Requirements forSpectroscopic Personal RadiationDetectors (SPRDs) for HomelandSecurityIEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA23 May 2008Accredited by the American National Standards InstituteSponsored by theNational Committee on Radiation
2、Instrumentation, N42N42.48, 2008 ANSI N42.48-2008 American National Standard Performance Requirements for Spectroscopic Personal Radiation Detectors (SPRDs) for Homeland Security Sponsor National Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42 Accredited by the American National Standards Institute Secr
3、etariat Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. Approved 25 January 2008 American National Standards Institute Abstract: Design and performance requirements, along with testing methods, for evaluating radiation detection instruments that are pocket-sized and worn on the body for the
4、purpose of rapid detection and identification of radioactive materials are described in this standard. Keywords: alarm, design criteria, exposure rate, performance specifications, personal radiation detectors, pocket-sized, radiation, radiation detection, radiation instrumentation, spectroscopic The
5、 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2008 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 23 May 2008. Printed in the United States of America. IEEE is a registered trademark in th
6、e U.S. Patent +1-978-750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Introduction This introduction is not part of ANSI N42.48-2008, American National Standard Performance Requirements fo
7、r Spectroscopic Personal Radiation Detectors (SPRDs) for Homeland Security. This standard is the responsibility of the Accredited American Standards Committee on Radiation Instrumentation, N42. The standard was approved by the N42 letter ballot of October 2007January 2008. Notice to users Laws and r
8、egulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regul
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14、 at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. v Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Int
15、erpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this
16、standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims
17、or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights,
18、 and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. vi Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants At the time it approved this standard, the Accredited Standards Committee on Radiatio
19、n Instrumentation, N42, had the following membership: Michael P. Unterweger, Chair Louis Costrell, Deputy Chair William Ash, Administrative Secretary Organization Represented.Name of Representative Bartlett Services .Morgan Cox Canberra Markku Koskelo Chew, M.H .Jack M. Selby Commerce Dept, U.S. NIS
20、T Michael P. Unterweger Louis Costrell (Alt.) Consultant Frank X. Masse Department of Homeland Security .Peter Shebell Entergy-ANO .Ron Schwartz Health Physics Society .Sandy Perle IEEE Louis Costrell .Anthony Spurgin (Alt.) .Michael P. Unterweger (Alt.) International Medcom Don Sythe Lawrence Berke
21、ley National Lab .Edward J. Lampo Lawrence Livermore National Lab .Gary Johnson NASA, GSFC . R. Sachidananda Babu Nuclear Regulatory Commission Cynthia Jones Nuclear Standards Unlimited .Al N. Tschaeche Oak Ridge National Laboratory .Peter J. Chiaro, Jr. .Charles Britton (Alt.) ORTEC Ronald M. Keyse
22、r Pacific Northwest National Laboratory .Richard Kouzes Swinth Associates .Kenneth L. Swinth U.S. Army Edward Groeber U.S. Nuclear Regulatory CommissionCynthia G. Jones Members-At-Large .Ernesto Corte .Joseph C. McDonald .Paul L. Phelps .Joseph Stencel .Lee J. Wagner vii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rig
23、hts reserved. viii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. At the time this standard was completed, Subcommittee N42.HSI had the following membership: Morgan Cox, Co-Chair Michael P. Unterweger, Co-Chair Paul Bailey Peter J. Chiaro, Jr. David Gilliam Mark D. Hoover Cynthia G. Jones Ronald Keyser R
24、ichard Kouzes Joseph C. McDonald Leticia Pibida Brian Rees Peter Shebell David Trombino At the time this standard was completed, the ANSI N42.48 Working Group had the following membership: Peter J. Chiaro, Jr., Chair and Project leader Rolf Arlt David Brown Kevin Carmichael Robert Corsetti Andrey Gu
25、eorguiev Cynthia G. Jones Stephen Lancaster Mike McGuire Richard Oxford Leticia Pibida Francis Schulcz Ayman Shourbaji Rick Smith Keith Spero David Trombino Michael P. Unterweger June Wang Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 2 2. References 2 3. Definitions 3 4. General considerations .
26、 7 4.1 Standard test conditions. 7 4.2 Units and uncertainties 7 4.3 Special word usage 8 5. General requirements 8 5.1 Controls . 8 5.2 Documentation check 8 5.3 Displays . 9 5.4 Effective range of measurement or indication . 9 5.5 Audible alarms. 9 5.6 Vibration alarm 10 5.7 Size 11 5.8 Mass. 11 5
27、.9 Reference point marking 11 5.10 Explosive atmospheres 12 5.11 Batteries and battery lifetime. 12 5.12 Data format and communication interface. 13 5.13 User interface. 13 5.14 Spectral identification 14 6. Radiological tests 15 6.1 General test information 15 6.2 Rate of false alarms . 15 6.3 Time
28、-to-alarm; photons . 16 6.4 Time-to-alarm; neutrons (if provided). 16 6.5 Detection of gradually increasing radiation levels. 17 6.6 Accuracy 17 6.7 Personal radiation alarm 18 6.8 Over-range response 18 6.9 Interfering ionizing radiation. 18 6.10 Radionuclide identification 19 7. Environmental perf
29、ormance requirements . 21 7.1 General test practices. 21 7.2 Temperature. 22 7.3 Temperature shock 23 7.4 Humidity 23 7.5 Moisture and dust protection . 24 7.6 Cold temperature start-up 25 ix Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. x Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. 8. Electromagnetic per
30、formance requirements . 25 8.1 General test practices. 25 8.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 26 8.3 Radio frequency. 27 8.4 Magnetic fields 27 8.5 Radiated emissions 28 9. Mechanical performance requirements. 28 9.1 Vibration 28 9.2 Drop test 29 9.3 Impact (microphonics). 29 10. Documentation . 30 10
31、.1 Type test report 30 10.2 Certificate 30 10.3 Operation and maintenance manuals . 30 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 31 A.1 General 31 A.2 Detectors. 31 A.3 Detection and identification instruments. 31 A.4 Radiological protection instruments . 32 A.5 Electromagnetic compatibility 32 A.6 Units
32、, quantities, calibrations 32 Annex B (informative) Detector tests. 34 Annex C (informative) Sample user interface evaluation technique 35 American National Standard Performance Requirements for Spectroscopic Personal Radiation Detectors (SPRDs) for Homeland Security IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard
33、is not intended to assure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for us
34、e subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IE
35、EE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/ disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard describes design and performance requirements along with testing methods for evaluating radiation detection instruments that are pocket-sized and worn on the body for the purpose of rapid detection an
36、d identification of radioactive materials. The performance requirements contained in this standard are meant to provide a means for verifying the capability of these instruments to reliably detect changes above background levels of radiation, notify the user to these changes, and provide a means to
37、determine if the alarm was caused by a radionuclide of interest that may require further evaluation. These devices are not primarily intended to provide a measurement of dose-equivalent rate. However, their indication can provide an approximate value of exposure rate that should be reasonably accura
38、te. They are 1 Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. ANSI N42.48-2008 American National Standard Performance Requirements for Spectroscopic Personal Radiation Dectectors (SPRDs) for Homeland Security also not meant to provide radionuclide identification at the same level as radionuclide identifi
39、cation detectors defined in ANSI N42.34.1Successful completion of the tests described in this standard should not be construed as an ability to identify all radionuclides in all environments. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to specify performance criteria and test methods used to evaluat
40、e radiation detection and radionuclide identification instruments that are pocket-sized and may be worn on the body. 2. References This standard shall be used in conjunction with the following publications. ANSI N42.22-1995 (Reaff2002), American National StandardTraceability of Radioactive Sources t
41、o the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Associated Instrument Quality Control.2ANSI N42.23-1996, American National Standard Measurement and Associated Instrumentation Quality Assurance for Radioassay Laboratories. ANSI N42.34, American National Standard Performance Criteria f
42、or Hand-Held Instruments for the Detection and Identification of Radionuclides. ANSI N42.42, American National Standard Data Format Standard for Radiation Detectors Used for Homeland Security. FCC Rules, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Part 15, Radio Frequency Devices.3,4IAEA, Code of Conduct
43、 on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources, 2004.5IAEA, Safety Guide No. RS-G-1.9, Categorization of Radioactive Sources, 2005. IEC 60068-2:1990 (-1, -2, and other parts as appropriate), Environmental testingPart 2: Tests. IEC 60068-2-18:2000, Environmental testingPart 2-18: TestsTest R and
44、guidance: Water. IEC 60068-2-75:1997, Environmental testingPart 2-75: TestsTest Eh: Hammer tests. IEC 60529:2001, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code), IP53. IEC 61000-4:2001, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), Testing and measurement techniques.61Information on references can be
45、 found in Clause 2. 2The ANSI N42 publications included in this clause are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 3CFR publications are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Gover
46、nment Printing Office, P.O. Box 37082, Washington, DC 20013-7082, USA. 4See http:/www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html. 5IAEA publications are available from the International Atomic Energy Agency, P.O. Box 100, Wagner Strasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria (http:/www.iaea.org). 2 Copyright 2008 IEEE. All ri
47、ghts reserved. ANSI N42.48-2008 American National Standard Performance Requirements for Spectroscopic Personal Radiation Dectectors (SPRDs) for Homeland Security IEC 61000-4-2:2001, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniquesElectrostatic discharge immunity test. IEC 61000-4-3:2002, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)Part 4-3: Testing and measur
