1、IEEE Std C57.12.23-2009(Revision ofIEEE Std C57.12.23-2002)IEEE Standard for SubmersibleSingle-Phase Transformers: 167 kVAand Smaller; High Voltage 25 000 Vand Below; Low Voltage 600 V andBelow IEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA30 April 2009IEEE Power High Voltage 25 000 V and Below; Low
2、 Voltage 600 V and Below Sponsor Transformers Committee of the IEEE Power +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C57
3、.12.23-2009, IEEE Standard for Submersible Single-Phase Transformers: 167 kVA and Smaller; High Voltage 25 000 V and Below; Low Voltage 600 V and Below. This standard covers certain electrical, dimensional, and mechanical characteristics and takes into consideration certain safety features of single
4、-phase, 60 Hz, mineral-oil-immersed, self-cooled, underground distribution transformers with separable insulated high-voltage connectors. These transformers are generally used for step-down purposes from an underground primary cable supply and are suitable for occasional submerged operation. This st
5、andard is intended for use as a basis for determining performance, interchangeability, and safety of the equipment covered, and to assist in the proper selection of such equipment. The 1986 revision of this standard expanded the scope to include 167 kVA. In addition, the dielectric test levels were
6、updated and maximum test levels introduced to be consistent with other transformer standards. The 1992 revision of this standard added the clause on storage and installation with particular emphasis on the position when stored and consideration of the angle of tilt when installed. The 1992 revision
7、was reaffirmed in 1999. The 2002 revision further expanded the scope to include all high-voltage ratings 25 000 V and below, including transformers designed for phase-to-phase connection. Previous revisions only included transformers designed for phase-to-ground connection. Also, the scope was expan
8、ded to include low-voltage ratings 600 V and below. Previous revisions only covered a 240/120 V rating. The 2002 revision is the first standard in the C57.12.2X series to use the SI units of measure exclusively. The intent of this revision is to simply convert the inch-pound units of the 1992 revisi
9、on to SI units. Users of this standard should use judgment when converting from SI units back to the in-lb equivalent. This revision, IEEE Std C57.12.23-2009, changes the title of the document from “Underground” to “Submersible” transformers to highlight that these transformers are suitable for cont
10、inuous submerged operation. This revision also includes the inch-pound units of measure along with the SI units. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance
11、 to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents
12、 may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of en
13、gineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. iv Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. v Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Updating of IEEE
14、 documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current
15、edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site a
16、t http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA web site at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all ot
17、her standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/int
18、erp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewit
19、h. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assur
20、ance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtai
21、ned from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this standard was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Single-Phase Submersible Transformers Working Group had the following membership: Alan Traut, Chair Bikash Basu, Vice Chair Nelson Alfonso Ignacio Ares Israe
22、l Barrientos-Torres David Blew Paul Buchanan John Crotty Joseph Cultrera Don Duckett Jeremy Guardado Kenneth Hanus Michael Hardin Thomas Holifield Mohammad Hussain Gael Kennedy Brian Klaponski Daniel Mulkey Carl Niemann Gerald Paiva Kenneth Romano Jeffrey Schneider Edward Smith Ronald Stahara Giusep
23、pe Termini Shelby Walters vi Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William J. Ackerman Samuel H. Aguirre Steven Bezner Wallace Binder David Blew
24、Chris Brooks Thomas Callsen Yunxiang Chen Tommy Cooper Kevin Delahoussaye Gary Engmann Marcel Fortin Jalal Gohari Eduardo Gomez-Hennig James Graham Randall Groves Bal K. Gupta Michael Hardin Vladimir Khalin Joseph L. Koepfinger Jim Kulchisky Saumen Kundu Chung-Yiu Lam Deni Lee G. Luri Keith Malmedal
25、 Richard Marek John W. Matthews Gary Michel Daniel Mulkey Michael S. Newman Carl Niemann Robert Olen Bansi Patel Wendell Pitts Alvaro Portillo Iulian Profir Charles Rogers Kenneth Romano Dinesh Pranathy Sankarakurup Bartien Sayogo Jerry Smith Steve Snyder John Sullivan David Tepen James Thompson Ala
26、n Traut Joseph Tumidajski Joe Uchiyama John Vergis Shelby Walters Alan Wilks James Wilson William Wimmer Donald Zipse Ahmed Zobaa When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 19 March 2009, it had the following membership: Robert M. Grow, Chair Steve M. Mills, Past Chair Judith Gorman,
27、 Secretary John Barr Karen Bartleson Victor Berman Ted Burse Richard DeBlasio Andy Drozd Mark Epstein Alexander Gelman Jim Hughes Rich Hulett Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David Law Ted Olsen Glenn Parsons Ron Petersen Chuck Powers Thomas Prevost Narayanan Ramachandran Jon Rosdahl
28、 Sam Sciacca *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Howard Wolfman, TAB Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative Lisa Perry IEEE Standards Project Editor Matthew J. Ceglia IEEE Standards Program Mana
29、ger, Technical Program Development vii Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 2 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 2 4. Service conditions 3 4.1 General 3 4.2 Cooling air temperature limit . 3 4.3 Submerged operation . 3 5. Rating data 3 5.1
30、Cooling class . 3 5.2 Kilovolt-ampere ratings . 3 5.3 Voltage and tap ratings 3 5.4 Insulation levels . 3 5.5 Impedance and losses 4 6. Tests . 4 6.1 General 4 6.2 Low-frequency dielectric tests . 5 7. Construction . 5 7.1 General 5 7.2 Connectors and terminals 5 7.3 Accessories 7 7.4 Instruction na
31、meplate 9 7.5 Transformer tank integrity . 9 7.6 Tanks . 9 7.7 Components for primary cable system 9 8. Storage and installation 10 8.1 Storage . 10 8.2 Installation . 10 Annex A (informative) Bibliography . 11 IEEE Standard for Submersible Single-Phase Transformers: 167 kVA and Smaller; High Voltag
32、e 25 000 V and Below; Low Voltage 600 V and Below IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health
33、 practices or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Di
34、sclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard covers certain electrical, dimensional, and mechanical characteristics and takes into consideration certain safety feat
35、ures of single-phase, 60 Hz, liquid-immersed, self-cooled, submersible distribution transformers with separable insulated high-voltage connectors. These transformers are rated 167 kVA and smaller, with high voltages of 25 000 V and below and with low voltages of 600 V and below. These transformers a
36、re generally used for step-down purposes from an underground primary cable supply. These transformers are typically installed in an enclosure below ground level, operated from above and suitable for submerged operation. This standard does not cover the electrical and mechanical requirements of any a
37、ccessory devices that may be supplied with the transformer. 1 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. IEEE Std C57.12.23-2009 IEEE Standard for Submersible Single-Phase Transformers: 167 kVA and Smaller; High Voltage 25 000 V and Below; Low Voltage 600 V and Below 1.2 Purpose This standard is inte
38、nded for use as a basis for determining performance, interchangeability, and safety of the equipment covered, and to assist in the proper selection of such equipment. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be
39、 understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. ICEA S
40、-66-524/NEMA WC 7-1991, Standard for Cross-Linked-Thermosetting-Polyethylene-Insulated Wire and Cable for the Transmission and Distribution of Electrical Energy.1 IEEE Std 386-1995, IEEE Standard for Separable Insulated Connector Systems for Power Distribution Systems Above 600 V.2, 3IEEE Std C57.12
41、.00-2000, IEEE Standard General Requirements for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers. IEEE Std C57.12.20-2005, IEEE Standard for Overhead-Type Distribution Transformers, 500 kVA and Smaller: High Voltage, 34 500 V and Below; Low Voltage, 7970/13 800 Y V and Below. IEEE S
42、td C57.12.32-2002, IEEE Standard for Submersible EquipmentEnclosure Integrity. IEEE Std C57.12.70-2000, IEEE Standard Terminal Markings and Connections for Distribution and Power Transformers. IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002, IEEE Standard Terminology for Power and Distribution Transformers. IEEE Std C57.12
43、.90-1999, IEEE Standard Test Code for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power, and Regulating Transformers. IEEE Std C57.91-1995 (Reaff 2004), IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral-Oil-Immersed Transformers. 3. Definitions Except as modified in this standard, the transformer terminology found in IEEE Std C57.1
44、2.80-20024shall apply. 1ICEA S-66-524/NEMA WC7-1991 has been withdrawn; however, copies can be obtained from Global Engineering, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112-5704, USA, tel. (303) 792-2181 (http:/ 2IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Enginee
45、rs, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 3The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 4Information on references can be found in Clause 2. 2 Copyright 2009 IEEE. All rights re
46、served. IEEE Std C57.12.23-2009 IEEE Standard for Submersible Single-Phase Transformers: 167 kVA and Smaller; High Voltage 25 000 V and Below; Low Voltage 600 V and Below 4. Service conditions 4.1 General Transformers conforming to this standard shall be suitable for operation at rated kilovolt-ampe
47、res (kVA) and rated voltage under the usual service conditions specified in IEEE Std C57.12.00-2000 except as specified in 4.2 and 4.3. 4.2 Cooling air temperature limit The temperature of the cooling air (enclosure ambient temperature) shall not exceed 50 C, and the average temperature of the cooli
48、ng air shall not exceed 40 C for any 24 h period. 4.3 Submerged operation As the transformer enclosure may be subjected to flooding or to high water tables, the transformer including its terminations shall be capable of continuous unattended operation while continuously submerged under a head of 3 m
49、 (10 ft) of water. Manual operation of certain accessories may require that the water level be lowered below the top of the transformer prior to operation. 5. Rating data 5.1 Cooling class The cooling class shall be ONAN as defined in IEEE Std C57.12.80-2002. 5.2 Kilovolt-ampere ratings Kilovolt-ampere ratings shall be continuous and based on not exceeding an average winding temperature rise of 55 C and a hottest-spot temperature rise of 70 C. The temperature rise of the insulating liquid shall be measured near the top of the tank and shall not
