1、 Reference numberISO/IEC 42010:2007(E)IEEEStd 1471-2000INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC42010IEEEStd 1471-2000First edition2007-07-15Systems and software engineering Recommended practice for architectural description of software-intensive systems Ingnierie des logiciels et des systmes Pratique recomman
2、de pour la description architecturale des systmes exigeant beaucoup de logiciels The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2000 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 9 October
3、 2000. Printed in the United States of America.Print:ISBN 0-7381-2518-0 SH94869PDF:ISBN 0-7381-2519-9 SS94869No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 1471-2000IEEE Recomme
4、nded Practice for Architectural Description ofSoftware-Intensive Systems SponsorSoftware Engineering Standards Committeeof theIEEE Computer SocietyApproved 21 September 2000IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract:This recommended practice addresses the activities of the creation, analysis, and sus-tainment
5、of architectures of software-intensive systems, and the recording of such architectures interms of architectural descriptions. A conceptual framework for architectural description is estab-lished. The content of an architectural description is defined. Annexes provide the rationale for keyconcepts a
6、nd terminology, the relationships to other standards, and examples of usage.Keywords:architectural description, architecture, software-intensive system, stakeholder con-cerns, system stakeholder, view, viewpointISO/IEC 42010:2007(E) IEEE Std 1471-2000 PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedde
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10、 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org ii International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission Case postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 Switzerland International Standard ISO/IEC 42010:2007(E) ISO (the International Organization for Standardi
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29、ies intothe legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIEEE Introduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1471-2000, IEEE Recommended Practice for Architectural Description ofSoftware-Intensive Systems.)It has long
30、been recognized that “architecture” has a strong inuence over the life cycle of a system. In thepast, hardware-related architectural aspects were dominant, whereas software-related architectural integrity,when it existed, often was to be sacriced rst in the course of system development. Today, softw
31、are-intensive systems are pervasive. The cost of software development and the increasing complexity of softwaresystems have changed the relative balance. Software technology is maturing rapidly. The practice of systemdevelopment can benet greatly from adherence to architectural precepts.However, the
32、 concepts of architecture have not been consistently dened and applied within the life cycle ofsoftware-intensive systems. Despite signicant industrial and research activity in this area, there is no single,accepted framework for codifying architectural thinking, thereby facilitating the common appl
33、ication andevolution of available and emerging architectural practices.The IEEE Architecture Planning Group (APG) was formed in August 1995 to address this need. The APGwas chartered by the IEEE Software Engineering Standards Committee (SESC) to set a direction for incor-porating architectural think
34、ing into IEEE standards. The result of the APGs deliberations was to recommendan IEEE activity with the following goals: To dene useful terms, principles and guidelines for the consistent application of architectural pre-cepts to systems throughout their life cycle To elaborate architectural precept
35、s and their anticipated benets for software products, systems, andaggregated systems (i.e., “systems of systems”) To provide a framework for the colilection and consideration of architectural attributes and relatedinformation for use in IEEE standards To provide a useful road map for the incorporati
36、on of architectural precepts in the generation, revi-sion, and application of IEEE standardsIn April 1996 SESC created the Architecture Working Group (AWG) to implement those recommendations.ivCopyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.ParticipantsAt the time this recommended practice was completed, t
37、he Architecture Working Group had the followingmembership. Basil Sherlund, ChairRonald L. Wade, Vice ChairDavid Emery, Vice Chair for LiaisonRich Hilliard, Secretary and EditorThe following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard:Frank C. BelzS. Jeromy CarriereMark DehlinVerlynda D
38、obbsNancy EickelmannWalter J. EllisWilliam GessVladan V. JovanovicJudith S. KernerDwayne L. KnirkRon KohlAlexei E. KotovPhilippe KruchtenSimon LiuMark W. MaierBill McMullenFatima MiliGlenn PlonkPeter T. PoonDave RayfordAnn ReedyIra SachsThomas F. SaundersM. Wayne ShiveleyLouise TamresEdward A. AddyM
39、ario R. BarbacciEdward E. BartlettLeo BeltracchiFrank C. BelzRichard E. BiehlEdward R. ByrneLawrence CatchpoleLeslie ChambersKeith ChowAntonio M. CicuSylvain ClermontRosemary ColemanDarrell CookseyPaul R. CrollGregory T. DaichBostjan K. DergancPerry R. DeWeeseVerlynda DobbsFranz D. EngelmannWilliam
40、EventoffJonathan H. FaircloughJohn W. FendrichJohn H. FowlerEva FreundAndrew GabbJuan Garbajosa-SopenaHiranmay GhoshMarilyn Ginsberg-FinnerJulio Gonzalez-SanzLewis GrayL. M. GuntherJohn HarauzHerbert HechtMark HenleyJohn W. HorchGeorge JackelenFrank V. JorgensenVladan V. JovanovicWilliam S. JunkJudi
41、th S. KernerThomas M. KuriharaHelmut KurzdorferKyoung-In KwonJ. Dennis LawrenceThomas B. LindahlJim J. LoganHenry A. MalecTomoo MatsubaraIan R. McChesneyJames W. MooreFrederick I. MoxleyFrancisco Navas PlanoPavol NavratGerald L. OuradaAlex PolackR. RazoukAnnette D. ReillyHelmut SandmayrFrederico Sou
42、sa SantosRobert J. SchaafCarl A. SingerRichard S. SkyMitchell W. SmithFred J. StraussSandra SwearingenToru TakeshitaRichard H. ThayerBooker ThomasLeonard L. TrippTheodore J. UrbanowiczTom VaiskunasRonald L. WadeRandall K. WaltersLarry L. WearCharles J. WertzScott A. WhitmirePaul R. WorkNatalie C. Yo
43、pconkaGeraldine ZimmermanCopyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.vWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 21 September 2000, it had the followingmembership:Donald N. Heirman,ChairJames T. Carlo,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvot
44、ing IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Alan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeDonald R. Volzka, TAB RepresentativeNoelle D. HumenickIEEE Standards Project EditorSatish K. AggarwalMark D. BowmanGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinH. Landis FloydJay Forster*Howard M. FrazierRuben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyRichard J.
45、 HollemanLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyJoseph L. Koepnger*Peter H. LipsL. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaJames W. MooreRobert F. MunznerRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonAkio TojoDonald W. ZipseviCopyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.Contents1. Overview11.1 Scope1
46、1.2 Purpose.11.3 Intended users21.4 Conformance to this recommended practice32. References33. Definitions34. Conceptual framework.44.1 Architectural description in context.44.2 Stakeholders and their roles.64.3 Architectural activities in the life cycle.64.4 Uses of architectural descriptions85. Arc
47、hitectural description practices85.1 Architectural documentation85.2 Identification of stakeholders and concerns.95.3 Selection of architectural viewpoints.95.4 Architectural views105.5 Consistency among architectural views.115.6 Architectural rationale.115.7 Example use.11Annex A (informative) Bibl
48、iography.13Annex B (informative) Notes on terminology.14Annex C (informative) Examples of viewpoints.17Annex D (informative) Relationship to other standards20Copyright 2000 IEEE. All rights reserved.1IEEE Recommended Practice for Architectural Description ofSoftware-Intensive Systems 1. Overview1.1
49、ScopeThis recommended practice addresses the architectural description of software-intensive systems. Asoftware-intensive systemis any system where software contributes essential inuences to the design,construction, deployment, and evolution of the system as a whole. The scope of this recommended practice encompasses those products of system development that capturearchitectural information. This includes architectural descriptions that are used for the following:a) Expression of the system and its evolutionb) Communication among the system
