1、The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USACopyright 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 20 September 1999. Printed in the United States of America.Print: ISBN 0-7381-1769-
2、2 SH94768PDF: ISBN 0-7381-1770-6 SS94768No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the priorwritten permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 1455-1999 (R2006)IEEE Standard for Message Sets for Vehicle/Roadside CommunicationsSponsorR
3、ail Transit Vehicle Interface Standards Committeeof theIEEE Vehicular Technology SocietyReaffirmed 7 June 2006Approved 26 June 1999IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: Those characteristics of a dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) system thatare independent of the Physical and Data Link Layers (
4、ISO model Layers 1 and 2) are specified.The required and optional features of the roadside equipment (RSE) and the onboard equipment(OBE) are specified. In addition, the Applications Layer (ISO model Layer 7) services and protocols,the RSE resource manager, the corresponding OBE command interpreter,
5、 and the application-spe-cific messages are all specified. Standard supports and guidelines are provided for implementingsecure DSRC systems.Keywords: access control, application layer, automatic vehicle identification, AVI, beacon, Com-mercial Vehicle Operations, CVO, data authentication, data priv
6、acy, data security, dedicated short-range communications, DSRC, electronic toll collection, ETC, Layer 7, Mailbox, reader, resourcemanager, smart card, tag, transponder, vehicle to roadside communications, VRCIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinat
7、-ing Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. Members of thecommittees serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of theInstitute. The standards developed within IEEE represent a consensus of the broad expertise on thesubject within th
8、e Institute as well as those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an inter-est in participating in the development of the standard.Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE Standard does not implythat there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase,
9、market, or provide other goods andservices related to the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at thetime a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments inthe state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Eve
10、ry IEEE Standard is sub-jected to review at least every ve years for revision or reafrmation. When a document is morethan ve years old and has not been reafrmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents,although still of some value, do not wholly reect the present state of the art. Users are c
11、autioned tocheck to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE Standard.Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless ofmembership afliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of aproposed change of text, tog
12、ether with appropriate supporting comments.Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards asthey relate to specic applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention ofIEEE, the Institute will initiate action to prepare approp
13、riate responses. Since IEEE Standards rep-resent a consensus of all concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation hasalso received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of itssocieties and Standards Coordinating Committees are not a
14、ble to provide an instant response tointerpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formalconsideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to:Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board445 Hoes LaneP.O. Box 1331Piscataway, NJ 08
15、855-1331USAAuthorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use isgranted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriatefee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please con
16、tactCopyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA;(978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational class-room use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.Note: Attention is called to the possibil
17、ity that implementation of this standard mayrequire use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard,no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights inconnection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents fo
18、rwhich a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries intothe legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1455-1999, IEEE Standard for Message
19、Sets for Vehicle/RoadsideCommunications.)The electronic toll and trafc management (ETTM) eld is rapidly evolving, and ETTM systems acrossNorth America use a variety of incompatible dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) products. Sev-eral mainline screening systems for commercial vehicle operat
20、ions (CVOs) are now in operation and likewiseuse incompatible data denitions. In addition, the acceptance of the ASTM Standard for DSRC Layers 1 and2 will create the potential for signicant interference between radio frequency (RF) compatible systems.The lack of standard message sets, lower layer pr
21、otocols, and transponder resource denition threatens topostpone the deployment of DSRC systems, a technology critical to the intelligent transportation systems(ITS) marketplace. This standard consolidates and builds upon previous application-specic data denitionsto support CVO, ETTM, and private DSR
22、C usage. The open nature of this standard ensures that it is extensi-ble to other DSRC areas, such as CVO credential information exchange, preclearance screening, eet man-agement, and vehicle condition monitoring.While this standard has been developed to ensure efcient operation when used in conjunc
23、tion with theASTM Layer 1 and Layer 2 standards, it is not limited to that application. This standard may be use in con-junction with a variety of lower layer protocols, including both RF and other communications media.At the time this standard was developed, the Working Group on Dedicated Short-Ran
24、ge CommunicationsApplications for Intelligent Transportation Systems had the following membership:Peter B. Houser,ChairThe following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard:Frederico AlvarezLee ArmstrongCharles Gary BeldaHamed BenouarBroady CashAlex CastroAmos ChenowethStan Ciszews
25、kiClayton CollierKen CookRoy CourtneyJoe CrabtreeRonald F. CunninghamRon DeLeonNeil GrayEd GroseMartha HarrellGeorge HerndonChuck JohnsonDavid MartinRussell McCartyIrwin MorseDavid NewmanRoger J. OConnerMike OnderSatoshi OyamaTom RieinLewis SabounghiOve SalomoussonRichard SchnackeBo StricklandRobert
26、 TiernayRay YuanRobert BarrettJames BartolCharles Gary BeldaHamed BenouarAmos ChenowethClayton CollierRoy CourtneyJoe CrabtreeRonald F. CunninghamRichard W. DoeringPeter B. HouserRussell McCartyRoger J. OConnorLewis SabounghiRichard SchnackeRay YuanivCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.When the
27、 IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 26 June 1999, it had the followingmembership:Richard J. Holleman,ChairDonald N. Heirman,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Robert E. HebnerSatish K. AggarwalDenni
28、s BodsonMark D. BowmanJames T. CarloGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinJay Forster*Ruben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyLowell G. JohnsonRobert J. KennellyE. G. Al KienerJoseph L. Koepnger*L. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaRobert F. MunznerLouis-Franois PauRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S.
29、 RobinsonAkio TojoHans E. WeinrichDonald W. ZipseCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.vContents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 11.3 Standards maintenance. 21.4 Interoperability and noninterference 31.5 Precedence of data representation 32. References 33. Definitions, abbreviations, and acro
30、nyms 43.1 Definitions 53.2 Abbreviations and acronyms 74. Architecture and communications flow summary . 84.1 DSRC context and processing flow .84.2 Access control flow summary 105. Transponder resources . 115.1 Transponder resources definition. 115.2 Read-only memory definition 155.3 Interoperabili
31、ty requirements. 206. Transponder commands and memory access. 216.1 Basic concepts 216.2 Command set template. 216.3 Command information flow. 246.4 Command definitions. 256.5 Standard command responses 406.6 Interoperability requirements. 436.7 Error detection and processing. 447. Resource manager
32、457.1 Resource manager processing summary 467.2 BOA interface 467.3 Beacon interface (nonmandatory)487.4 Memory page management 497.5 UI management 508. ITS application messages. 518.1 Message concepts. 518.2 Message headers 518.3 Message data elements. 578.4 Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) message
33、 set. 578.5 Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) Border Clearance message set. 62viCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.8.6 CVO Electronic Screening message set. 708.7 Common utility message set 778.8 Private message set 838.9 Message error detection and processing 839. Application layer 849.1 Sc
34、ope 849.2 DSRC application domain assumptions. 859.3 Architecture 869.4 T-KE 919.5 I-KE 979.6 B-KE 1059.7 Session suspend and resume 107Annex A (normative)ASN.1 definitions 109Annex B (normative) ASN.1 considerations. 119Annex C (normative) Communications data flows. 121Annex D (normative) ASN.1 PER
35、 encoding for a sample BST and VST 125Annex E (normative) Transponder identifier values. 128Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.1IEEE Standard for Message Sets for Vehicle/Roadside Communications1. Overview 1.1 ScopeThis standard is applicable to dedicated short-range communications (DSRC). Wit
36、hin the overall context ofDSRC operations (illustrated in Figure 1), this standard governs the communications protocols above theopen systems interconnection (OSI) data link layer for the DSRC wireless interface. This standard does notspecify the interface between the transponder and other pieces of
37、 onboard equipment (OBE) (identied as5 in Figure 1), nor does it specify the interface between the roadside equipment (RSE) and the back ofceequipment (BOE) that hosts an intelligent transportation systems (ITS) back ofce application (BOA) (iden-tied as 1 in Figure 1). However, to obtain desirable l
38、evels of DSRC performance, it is essential that thoseinterfaces be dened in a manner that is consistent with this standard.Interface 2 in many systems may be the interface between the application layer and lower layer service.Nothing precludes combining a vehicle-to-roadside communication (VRC) cont
39、roller, a reader, and anantenna into a single piece of equipment.These communications protocols have been specied by dening the message set and data dictionary, thelow-level commands used to control transponder resources and thereby access such messages, and the OSIapplication layer services used to
40、 connect the upper interface elements with the OSI data link layer elements.This standard also species the resources that may be present on a transponder and the means by which theRSE shall control those resources.Product compliance with this standard shall be veried based upon tests of Interfaces 1
41、 and 4 shown in Fig-ure 1. Internal interfaces such as 2 are at the discretion of the equipment vendor and shall not be consideredwhen determining product compliance. 1.2 PurposeThis standard is intended to be used in several ways by various DSRC equipment stakeholders: The standard species the inte
42、rnal resources that shall be provided within and commands that shallbe recognized by compliant transponders. This information will be used by transpondermanufacturers when developing compliant transponders. This information will also be used by RSEmanufacturers when developing equipment that communi
43、cates with such transponders.IEEEStd 1455-1999 IEEE STANDARD FOR MESSAGE SETS2Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. This standard species the Layer 7 protocols that shall be used to complete the communicationsstack between the data link layer and higher level processing. This information will be
44、 used by tran-sponder and beacon manufacturers when developing compliant equipment. This standard species the manner in which roadside DSRC equipment shall manage transponderresources. This information will be used by manufacturers of such RSE when developing softwarethat utilizes transponder resour
45、ces. This standard species the messages that shall be used to communicate information between ITSapplications using DSRC. This information will be used by ITS application developers when theydesign and implement systems that use DSRC. This standard species the manner in which new systems achieve bac
46、kward compatibility or nonin-terference with existing systems.This standard species an overall structure for DSRC. System components may be selected within the com-pliant range allowed within this standard. For example, the user agencies may select specic messages fromClause 8. To achieve interopera
47、bility between agencies, it is essential that the user agencies enter into institu-tional agreements that coordinate their designs.1.3 Standards maintenanceThis standard provides three categories of data elements that have values with specic meanings within thecontext of the standard.Available for u
48、ncontrolled use.Values assigned to data elements in this category are not controlledby this standard and may be dened by the vendor or user.AntennaTransponderOther On BoardEquipmentReaderBack Office ITSApplication1234VRCControllerRoadside EquipmentOn BoardEquipmentBack OfficeEquipmentTransferDevice5
49、VolumeMfg Inc.5Figure 1DSRC system interfaces IEEEFOR VEHICLE/ROADSIDE COMMUNICATIONS Std 1455-1999Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.3Available for registration.Values assigned to data elements in this category have been preallocatedwithin this standard for future assignment to a specic agency or vendor. Currently, ranges of available values are listed in this standard for specic uses. An agency or vendormust submit a request to the IEEE to have a specic value, from a listed range of available values, des-ignated as
