1、 IEEE Std 1232.2-1998(Issued February 1999 for trial use)IEEE Std 1232.2-1998IEEE Trial-Use Standard forArtificial Intelligence Exchange and Service Tie to All Test Environments (AI-ESTATE): Service SpecificationIEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 20Sponsored by the IEEE Standards Coordinating Com
2、mittee 20 onTest and Diagnosis for Electronic Systems19 February 1999 SH94678The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017-2394, USACopyright 1999 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 19 Feb
3、ruary 1999. Printed in the United States of America.Print:ISBN 0-7381-1427-8 SH94678PDF:ISBN 0-7381-1428-6 SS94678No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 1232.2-1998(Issu
4、ed February 1999 for trial use)IEEE Trial-Use Standard forArtificial Intelligence Exchange and Service Tie to All Test Environments (AI-ESTATE): Service SpecificationSponsorIEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 20onTest and Diagnosis for Electronic SystemsApproved 16 September 1998IEEE-SA Standards
5、BoardAbstract:Formal software interfaces to system diagnosis tools and applications are defined. Aspart of the AI-ESTATE set of standards, this standard defines services to manipulate informationmodels as defined in IEEE Std 1232.1-1997 and to control a diagnostic reasoner. This standard in-cludes a
6、 new information model to manipulate dynamic information obtained during the process ofsystem diagnosis. Service bindings to ANSI C and ANSI Ada are also provided.Keywords:AI-ESTATE, artificial intelligence, diagnosis, dynamic context model, system testIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within th
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17、Clearance Center.Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard mayrequire use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard,no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights inconnection therewith. Th
18、e IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents forwhich a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries intothe legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.iiiIntroductionThis introduction is n
19、ot part of IEEE Std 1232.2-1998, IEEE Trial-Use Standard for Artificial Intelligence Exchangeand Service Tie to All Test Environments (AI-ESTATE): Service Specification.The set of AI-ESTATE (Artificial Intelligence Exchange and Service Tie to All Test Environments) standardsis intended to provide a
20、formal framework for exchanging diagnostic knowledge and constructing diagnosticreasoners. The intent is to provide a standard framework for identifying required information for diagnosisand defining the diagnostic information in a machine-processable way. In addition, software interfaces arebeing d
21、efined whereby diagnostic tools can be developed to process the diagnostic information in a consis-tent and reliable way.This component of the AI-ESTATE standards defines the formal software interface to a diagnostic reasoner.It is not the intent of this standard to define the implementation of the
22、reasoner. Nor is it the intent to definethe information needed for testing systems. Such standards exist (e.g., IEEE Std 716-1995 for ATLAS, IEEEStd 1226-1993 for ABBET, and IEEE Std 1149.1-1990 for boundary scan) and can be used in conjunctionwith this standard. This component uses the information
23、defined in IEEE Std 1232.1-1997 to define key ser-vices provided by a diagnostic system.Specifically, this standard includes service definitions for traversing and managing the models defined inIEEE Std 1232.1-1997. It also includes a new information model, defined in EXPRESS (ISO 10303-11-94),that
24、is used to define the state of the reasoner to facilitate control of the dynamic aspects of diagnosis. This standard is organized with a model in the body defining the dynamic context of diagnosis, followed bydefinitions of the software services in EXPRESS. Several normative annexes are included tha
25、t define reason-ing-specific services and bindings of the services to specific programming languages. Currently, normativeannexes have been defined for a Fault Tree Model (FTM) (i.e., a fixed decision tree based on identified testoutcomes) and the Enhanced Diagnostic Inference Model (EDIM) (i.e., a
26、propositional model tying test out-comes to possible diagnoses). Both types of models are accepted in system diagnoses and, as a result, are inwide use in industry today. It is anticipated that additional models will be defined in the future, perhapsaddressing concerns of diagnostic constraints, dia
27、gnostic rules, and diagnostic neural networks. In all cases,the underlying theme will be diagnosis.Publication of this trial-use standard for comment and criticism has been approved bythe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Trial-use standards are effectivefor 24 months from the date
28、of publication. Comments for revision will be accepted for18 months after publication. Suggestions for revision should be directed to the Secre-tary, IEEE-SA Standards Board, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA, and should be received no later than 19 August 2000. It is expec
29、ted that fol-lowing the 24-month period, this trial-use recommended practice, revised as necessary,shall be submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval as a full-use recom-mended practice.ivCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.ParticipantsAt the time that this standard was completed, t
30、he AI-ESTATE subcommittee has the following membership:Timothy Bearse,Service Working Group, Co-ChairTimothy Wilmering, Service Working Group, Co-ChairLeslie Orlidge, AI-ESTATE, Co-ChairJohn Sheppard,AI-ESTATE, Co-ChairOther individuals who have contributed review and comments are:The following pers
31、ons were on the balloting committee:When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 16 September 1998, it had the followingmembership:Richard J. Holleman,ChairDonald N. Heirman,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusGuy AdamJames D. BakerAnthony BartoliniDarrell BartzMichael Bla
32、irGregory BowmanElaine CasharAlexander CherfasRichard ChurcherBernard DathyDanny C. DavisBernd DinklageBernard DugasArnold GreenspanWes HandArthur HannGary HardenbergLeonard HaynesJohn HeiserShankar HemmadyMark KaufmannRichard MaguireGayle MatysekRobert McGarveyHarry McGuckinScott MillerJames MillsM
33、ukund ModiDave NicholsHans ObermeierEdward G. PerkinsJean PouillyN. RamachandranWilliam E. ReevesBill RodriguezDavid RoggendorfHoward SavageMichael SeaveyLee A. ShombertWilliam R. SimpsonButch SneadeJoseph J. StancoWilliam TaylorJrg H. UrbanRichard J. WegerDaniel WeissWill YoungSomnath Deb Sharon Go
34、odallRobert HayesGlenn WrightGuy AdamJames D. BakerTimothy BearseGregory BowmanAntonius BunsenAlexander CherfasGregory W. DarnellBernard DathyDanny C. DavisSomnath DebBernd DinklageWilliam Brit FrankArthur HannRobert G. HayesAshley M. B. HulmeGayle MatysekLeslie A. OrlidgeEdward G. PerkinsN. Ramacha
35、ndranWilliam E. ReevesDavid RoggendorfEric SacherJohn W. SheppardLee A. ShombertWilliam R. SimpsonButch SneadeJoseph J. StancoKirk D. ThompsonJrg H. UrbanRichard J. WegerTimothy J. WilmeringGlenn WrightJehuda ZieglerSatish K. AggarwalClyde R. CampJames T. CarloGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinJay For
36、ster*Thomas F. GarrityRuben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyJim D. IsaakLowell G. JohnsonRobert KennellyE. G. “Al” KienerJoseph L. Koepfinger*Stephen R. LambertJim LogothetisDonald C. LoughryL. Bruce McClungLouis-Franois PauRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonHans E. WeinrichDon
37、ald W. ZipseCopyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.vContents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 21.2 Purpose. 21.3 Application. 21.4 Conventions used in this document . 32. References 33. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 43.1 Definitions 43.2 Acronyms and abbreviations 44. Description. 54.1 Objectives
38、54.2 Encapsulation of services. 54.3 Relationship to AI-ESTATE architecture 54.4 Extensibility . 55. DCM specification. 65.1 Overview 65.2 DCM 66. Services specification. 316.1 Overview 316.2 Status codes 326.3 DCM EXPRESS service specification. 336.4 CEM EXPRESS service specification. 466.5 Control
39、 and reporting services. 637. Conformance 64Annex A (informative) Bibliography 65Annex B (informative) Overview of EXPRESS. 68Annex C (normative) AI-ESTATE fault tree reasoner services . 75Annex D (normative) EDIM services 79Annex E (normative) C language binding 85Annex F (normative) Ada language b
40、inding 116Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Trial-Use Standard forArtificial Intelligence Exchange andService Tie to All Test Environments(AI-ESTATE): Service Specification1. OverviewThis standard defines a set of formal specifications for encapsulated services to be provided by diagno
41、sticreasoners to their clients. This standard is one component in a set of AI-ESTATE standards. The servicespecifications will provide for interchangeability of AI-ESTATE conformant reasoning systems withinthe AI-ESTATE architectural framework. Thus, services shall be provided by a reasoner to the h
42、umanpresentation system, the maintenance data/knowledge collection system, other reasoners, and the testcontroller(s). The reasoner will use services by these other functional elements as required. The services tobe provided by these other functional elements will not be specified by the set of AI-E
43、STATE standards.The goals of this component of the set of AI-ESTATE standards, formally defined in IEEE Std 1232-19951, are summarized as follows: Incorporate domain-specific terminology; Facilitate portability; Facilitate interchangeability.This standard shall use the vocabulary and semantics of th
44、e test and diagnosis domain by incorporatingterminology from Clause 3 of IEEE Std 1232-1995, IEEE Std 1232.1-1997, and other existing standards asapplicable. Deviations shall be kept to a minimum and shall be explicitly defined to the user at firstoccurrence.The specifications in this standard shall
45、 be fully portable. No host computer dependence shall be containedin the AI-ESTATE component standards. Host system dependence shall not be included in theAI-ESTATE service implementations._1Information on references can be found in Clause 2.IEEEStd 1232.2-1998 IEEE TRIAL-USE STANDARD FOR AI-ESTATE:
46、2 Copyright 1999 IEEE. All rights reserved.Specifications will ensure the interchangability of diagnostic reasoners through the definition ofencapsulated services. These services will allow diagnostic reasoners to be interchanged within an AI-ESTATEconformant system with no effect on the other eleme
47、nts of the system.1.1 ScopeThe scope of this standard is to define the services needed to support AI-ESTATE. It provides a formaldefinition of the encapsulated services that an AI-ESTATEconformant diagnostic reasoner shall provideto the other elements of the architecture constituting an AI-ESTATEcon
48、formant system. The servicesdefined in this standard are applicable to the domain of system test and diagnosis, independent of thereasoning approach.1.2 PurposeThe purpose of this standard is to provide the formal specifications of the services, transactions, andprotocols necessary to insure the int
49、eroperability of AI-ESTATEcompliant systems. It provides a formalspecification of the encapsulated services required of a diagnostic reasoner, which directs system test anddiagnosis, and ensures the interchangeability of diagnostic reasoners within AI-ESTATEconformantsystems. This standard will specify the services required of a diagnostic reasoner by the other architecturalcomponents of an AI-ESTATEconformant system.1.3 ApplicationThis standard defines the encapsulated services to be provided by a diagnostic reasoner in an AI-ESTATEconformant implementation.
