1、 IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, Testing, and Replacement of Vented Nickel- Cadmium Batteries for Stationary Applications Sponsored by the Stationary Batteries Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA IEEE Power and Energy Society IEEE Std 1106-2015(Revision
2、ofIEEE Std 1106-2005) IEEE Std 1106-2015 (Revision of IEEE Std 1106-2005) IEEE Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, Testing, and Replacement of Vented Nickel-Cadmium Batteries for Stationary Applications Sponsor Stationary Batteries Committee of the IEEE Power and Energy Society Appro
3、ved 26 October 2015 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: Recommendations are provided for installation design and for installation, maintenance, and testing procedures that can be used to optimize the life and performance of vented nickel-cadmium batteries, including partially recombinant types, used i
4、n stationary applications. Keywords: battery tests, capacity test methods, IEEE 1106, stationary applications, vented nickel-cadmium batteries The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2015 by The Institute of Electrical and Ele
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33、d are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2015 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi Participants At th
34、e time this IEEE recommended practice was completed, the Ni-Cd Installation, Maintenance, and Testing Working Group had the following membership: James McDowall, Chair Dan Martin, Vice Chair Edward Amato Curtis Ashton William Cantor Peter Demar Ramesh Desai Tracey Hager Paul Anthonius Cornelis Hecto
35、rs Wayne Johnson Larry Meisner James Midolo Russell Miller Haissam Nasrat John Polenz Shawn Pryer Richard Tressler Lesley Varga The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this recommended practice. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. S. Aggarw
36、al Samuel Aguirre Ali Al Awazi Curtis Ashton Thomas Barnes Robert Beavers Christopher Belcher Thomas Blair William Bloethe William Cantor Paul Cardinal Garth Corey Charles Cotton Peter Demar Gary Donner Neal Dowling Donald Dunn Frank Gerleve Randall Groves Ajit Gwal Paul Anthonius Cornelis Hectors J
37、ames Kinney Jim Kulchisky Paneendra KumarBl Chung-Yiu Lam Thomas La Rose Daniel Levin Michael May John McAlhaney Jr. William McCoy James McDowall Larry Meisner James Midolo Haissam Nasrat Dennis Neitzel Michael Newman Joe Nims Gary Nissen Lorraine Padden Bansi Patel Christopher Petrola John Randolph
38、 Michael Roberts Charles Rogers Art Salander Bartien Sayogo Robert Schuerger Robert Seitz David Smith Richard Tressler Lesley Varga John Vergis Kenneth White Jian Yu Luis Zambrano When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this recommended practice on 26 October 2015, it had the following membership:
39、 John D. Kulick, Chair Jon Walter Rosdahl, Vice Chair Richard H. Hulett, Past Chair Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary Masayuki Ariyoshi Ted Burse Stephen Dukes Jean-Philippe Faure J. Travis Griffith Gary Hoffman Michael Janezic Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Hung Ling Andrew Myles T. W. Olsen
40、Glenn Parsons Ronald C. Petersen Annette D. Reilly Stephen J. Shellhammer Adrian P. Stephens Yatin Trivedi Philip Winston Don Wright Yu Yuan Daidi Zhong *Member Emeritus Copyright 2015 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1106-2015, IEEE Recommended P
41、ractice for Installation, Maintenance, Testing, and Replacement of Vented Nickel-Cadmium Batteries for Stationary Applications. Today, stationary storage batteries play an ever-increasing role in industry by providing normal control and instrumentation power and backup energy for emergencies. This r
42、ecommended practice fulfills the need within the industry to provide common or standard practices of installation, maintenance, testing, and replacement of vented nickel-cadmium batteries, including partially recombinant types. The methods described are applicable to all installations and battery si
43、zes for stationary standby applications. The installations considered in the body of the document are designed for continuous-float operation with a battery charger serving to maintain the battery in a charged condition and to supply the normal dc load. Separate recommendations are provided in norma
44、tive Annex I for applications in which the battery is not fully recharged after every discharge (e.g., renewable energy systems). Copyright 2015 IEEE. All rights reserved. viii Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 2 2. Normative references 2 3. Definitions 2 4. Safety 3 4.1 General 3 4.2
45、 Methods . 3 4.3 Personal protective equipment and tools . 3 4.4 Precautions 4 5. Installation design criteria 5 5.1 General 5 5.2 Location . 5 5.3 Mounting . 6 5.4 Seismic 6 5.5 Ventilation . 6 5.6 Instrumentation and alarms 7 6. Installation procedures 7 6.1 General 7 6.2 Receiving and storage 7 6
46、.3 Assembly . 8 6.4 Initial charge 9 7. Maintenance . 9 7.1 General 9 7.2 Inspections 10 7.3 Corrective actions .11 8. Test schedule .11 8.1 General .11 8.2 Acceptance .12 8.3 Performance 12 8.4 Service 13 8.5 Modified performance 13 9. Procedure for battery tests .13 9.1 General .13 9.2 Initial con
47、ditions .15 9.3 Test length and discharge rate 15 9.4 Capacity test methods .16 9.5 Capacity test procedures .18 9.6 Service test 18 9.7 Restoration 19 10. Replacement criteria 19 Copyright 2015 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix 11. Records 19 12. Reapplication and recycling 20 12.1 General .20 12.2 Rea
48、pplication 20 12.3 Recycling 20 Annex A (informative) Nickel-cadmium battery .21 A.1 Construction .21 A.2 Electrolyte 21 A.3 Charging voltage 21 A.4 Temperature .22 Annex B (informative) State of charge determination and charging .23 Annex C (informative) Corrective actions 24 C.1 Low-voltage cell 2
49、4 C.2 Water consumption 24 C.3 Low-voltage battery .24 Annex D (informative) Effect of prolonged float charging on battery capacity 25 Annex E (informative) Typical aging characteristics and end-of-life criteria of nickel-cadmium batteries 27 Annex F (informative) Comparison of capacity testing methods 28 F.1 General .28 F.2 Comparison of time- and rate-adjusted performance test methods.28 F.3 Capacity calculation examples .30 Annex G (informative) IEC 60623 test method.34 Annex H (informative) Internal ohmic measurements 35 Annex I (normative) Operation with renewable e
