1、CORE & SHELL DEVELOPMENT Version 2.0 REFERENCE GUIDE First Edition June 2006U.S. Green Building Council ii Copyright The U.S. Green Building Council authorizes you to view the LEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide for your individual use. In exchange for this authorization, you agree to retain all cop
2、yright and other proprietary notices contained in the original LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Guide. You also agree not to sell or modify the LEED-CS v2.0 Refer- ence Guide or to reproduce, display or distribute the LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Guide in any way for any public or commercial purpose, including disp
3、lay on a website or in a networked environment. Unauthorized use of the LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Guide violates copyright, trademark, and other laws and is prohibited. Note that the text of the federal and state codes, regulations, voluntary standards, etc., reproduced in the LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Gu
4、ide is either used under license to the U.S. Green Building Council or, in some instances, is in the public domain. All other text, graphics, layout, and other elements of content contained in the LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Guide are owned by the U.S. Green Building Council and are protected by copyrigh
5、t under both United States and foreign laws. Trademark LEED is a registered trademark of the U.S. Green Building Council. Disclaimer None of the parties involved in the funding or creation of the LEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide, including the U.S. Green Building Council, its members, its contrac
6、- tors or the United States government make any warranty (express or implied) or assume any liability or responsibility, to you or any third parties for the accuracy, completeness or use of, or reliance on, any information contained in the LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Guide, or for any injuries, losses or
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8、ands and causes of action for any injuries, losses or damages (including, without limitation, equitable relief) that you may now or hereafter have a right to assert against such parties as a result of your use of, or reliance on, the LEED-CS v2.0 Reference Guide. U.S. Green Building Council 1015 18
9、thStreet NW, Suite 508 Washington, DC 20036 ISBN # 1-932444-05-XLEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide iii Acknowledgements The LEED-CS Reference Guide has only been made possible through the efforts of many dedicated volunteers, staff members and others in the USGBC community. The Reference Guide draf
10、ting was managed and implemented by USGBC staff and consul- tants and included review and suggestions by many TAG members and the CS Core Committee. We especially extend our deepest gratitude to all of our LEED committee members who participated in the development of this guide, for their tireless v
11、olunteer efforts and constant support of USGBCs mission. They are LEED-CS Core Committee Jerry Lea (Chair), Hines Corporation Christine Magar (Vice-Chair), Greenform Peter Bartels, Power Construction Company, LLC Clark Bisel, Flack + Kurtz Gary Gardner, Davis Gardner Gannon Pope Architecture Art Gen
12、sler, Gensler Russell Perry, SmithGroup Joe Van Belleghem, BuildGreen Developments, Inc. Ken Wilson, Envision Design Sally Wilson, CB Richard Ellis Jerry Yudelson, Interface Engineering, Inc. Special thanks to Rand Ekman and Heather Beaudoin from OWP/P for their contributions to the LEED-CS Referenc
13、e Guide and Pilot Program. Energy & Atmosphere TAG Greg Kats (Chair), Capital-E Marcus Sheffer (Vice-Chair), 7group Saad Dimachkieh, HOK Architects Chad Dorgan, Farnsworth Group, Inc. Jay Enck, Commissioning & Green Building Services Donald Fournier, Building Research Council Ellen Franconi, IPMVP a
14、nd AEC Jonathan Heller, Ecotope, Inc. Tia Heneghan, Sebesta Blomberg John Hogan, City of Seattle Department of Planning and Development Bion Howard, Building Environmental Science Michael Lorenz, Kling Cheryl Massie, Flack + Kurtz Brenda Morawa, BVM Engineering, Inc. Erik Ring, CTG Energetics, Inc.
15、John Schinter, Jones Lang LaSalle Mick Schwedler, T rane Company Gordon Shymko, IPMVP and G.F . Shymko & Associates Michael Zimmer, Thompson Hine LLPU.S. Green Building Council iv Indoor Environmental Quality TAG Bob Thompson (Chair), EPA Indoor Environments Management Branch Steve Taylor (Vice-Chai
16、r), Taylor Engineering Jude Anders, Johnson Controls, Inc. Terry Brennan, Camroden Associates Brian Cloward, Mithun Larry Dykhuis, Herman Miller, Inc. Greg Franta, Ensar Group, Inc. Francis Offerman, Indoor Environmental Engineering Christopher Schaffner, The Green Engineer Dennis Stanke, T rane Com
17、pany Materials & Resources TAG Nadav Malin (Chair), BuildingGreen, Inc. Kirsten Ritchie (Vice-Chair), Scientific Certification Systems Paul Bertram, PRB Design Chris Dixon, Mithun Ann Edminster, Design AVEnues Lee Gros, Lee Gros, Architect and Artisan Debra Lombard, RETEC Nancy Malone, Siegel & Stra
18、in Architects Dana Papke, California Integrated Waste Mgmt. Board Wayne T rusty, Athena Institute Denise Van Valkenburg, Steelcase Melissa Vernon, Interface Flooring Systems Mark Webster, Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Gabe Wing, Herman Miller, Inc. Sustainable Sites TAG Bryna Dunn (Chair), Moseley Archit
19、ects Susan Kaplan (Vice-Chair), Battery Park City Authority Gina Baker, Burt Hill Ted Bardacke, Global Green USA Stephen Benz, Judith Nitsch Engineering, Inc. Mark Brumbaugh, Brumbaugh & Associates Meg Calkins, Department of Landscape Architecture, Ball State University Stewart Comstock, Maryland De
20、partment of the Environment Jay Enck, Commissioning & Green Building Services Ron Hand, E/FECT. Sustainable Design Solutions Richard Heinisch, Acuity Lighting Group Michael Lane, Lighting Design Lab Marita Roos, Andropogon Associates Zolna Russell, Hord Coplan Macht, Inc. Eva Wong, U.S. EPA Heat Isl
21、and Reduction Initiative (HIRI)LEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide v Water Efficiency TAG David Sheridan (Chair), Aqua Cura John Koeller (Vice-Chair), Koeller and Company Gunnar Baldwin, TOTO USA, INC. Neal Billetdeaux, JJR David Carlson, Columbia University Bill Hoffman, City of Austin, Water Conse
22、rvation Heather Kinkade-Levario, ARCADIS Geoff Nara, Civil & Environmental Consultants Shabbir Rawalpindiwala, Kohler Company Stephanie Tanner, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Bill Wall, Clivus New England, Inc. Bill Wilson, Environmental Planning & Design, LLCU.S. Green Building Council vi Thi
23、s reference guide was printed on 100% post-consumer waste paper, processed chlorine free, and printed with non-toxic, soy-based inks using 100% wind power. By using these materials and production processes, the U.S. Green Building Council saved the following resources: *One harvested tree = approx.
24、575 lbs.Trees* Solid Liquid Electricity Greenhouse Sulfur & Waste Waste Gases Nitrogen Oxides78 6,990 lbs. 65,564 gallons 10,032 kWh 16,668 lbs. 36 lbs.LEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide vii Foreword From the U.S. Green Building Council 11 Introduction 12 Why Make Your Building Green 12 LEED Green
25、Building Rating System 12 LEED-CS Overview and Process 14 Credit Compliance 18LEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide 22 Sustainable Sites 25 SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution Prevention 27 SS Credit 1: Site Selection 33 SS Credit 2: Development Density & Community Connectivity 39 SS Cr
26、edit 3: Brownfield Redevelopment 47 SS Credit 4.1: Alternative Transportation: Public Transportation Access 53 SS Credit 4.2: Alternative Transportation: Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms 57 SS Credit 4.3: Alternative Transportation: Low Emitting & Fuel Efficient Vehicles 65 SS Credit 4.4: Alternativ
27、e Transportation: Parking Capacity 71 SS Credit 5.1: Site Development: Protect or Restore Habitat 75 SS Credit 5.2: Site Development: Maximize Open Space 81 SS Credit 6.1: Stormwater Design: Quantity Control 87 SS Credit 6.2: Stormwater Design: Quality Control 95 SS Credit 7.1: Heat Island Effect: N
28、on-Roof 99 SS Credit 7.2: Heat Island Effect: Roof 105 SS Credit 8: Light Pollution Reduction 111 SS Credit 9: Tenant Design & Construction Guidelines 123 Water Efficiency 131 WE Credit 1.1: Water Efficient Landscaping: Reduce by 50% 133 WE Credit 1.2: Water Efficient Landscaping: No Potable Water U
29、se or 134 No Irrigation WE Credit 2: Innovative Wastewater Technologies 145 WE Credit 3.1: Water Use Reduction: 20% 157 WE Credit 3.2: Water Use Reduction: 30% 158 Table of ContentsU.S. Green Building Council viii Energy & Atmosphere 169 EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning of the Building 1
30、71 Energy Systems EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy Performance 183 EA Prerequisite 3: Fundamental Refrigerant Management 191 EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance 195 EA Credit 2: On-Site Renewable Energy 223 EA Credit 3: Enhanced Commissioning 231 EA Credit 4: Enhanced Refrigerant Management 23
31、9 EA Credit 5.1: Measurement & Verification Base Building 249 EA Credit 5.2: Measurement & Verification Tenant Sub-metering 255 EA Credit 6: Green Power 259 Materials & Resources 265 MR Prerequisite 1: Storage & Collection of Recyclables 269 MR Credit 1.1: Building Reuse: Maintain 25% of Existing Wa
32、lls, Floors & Roof 275 MR Credit 1.2: Building Reuse: Maintain 50% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 276 MR Credit 1.3: Building Reuse: Maintain 75% of Interior 277 Non-Structural Elements MR Credit 2.1: Construction Waste Management: Divert 50% From Disposal 281 MR Credit 2.2: Construction Waste Man
33、agement: Divert 75% From Disposal 282 MR Credit 3: Materials Reuse: 1% 289 MR Credit 4.1: Recycled Content: 10% (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer) 295 MR Credit 4.2: Recycled Content: 20% (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer) 296 MR Credit 5.1: Regional Materials: 10% Extracted, Processed & 303 Manufac
34、tured Regionally MR Credit 5.2: Regional Materials: 20% Extracted, Processed & 304 Manufactured Regionally MR Credit 6: Certified Wood 311 Indoor Environmental Quality 317 EQ Prerequisite 1: Minimum IAQ Performance 321 EQ Prerequisite 2: Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control 327 EQ Credit 1: Out
35、door Air Delivery Monitoring 333 EQ Credit 2: Increased Ventilation 339 EQ Credit 3: Construction IAQ Management Plan: During Construction 349 EQ Credit 4.1: Low-Emitting Materials: Adhesives & Sealants 355 EQ Credit 4.2: Low-Emitting Materials: Paints & Coatings 359 EQ Credit 4.3: Low-Emitting Mate
36、rials: Carpet Systems 363 EQ Credit 4.4: Low-Emitting Materials: Composite Wood & 367 Agrifiber Products EQ Credit 4: Supplemental Information 371LEED-CS Version 2.0 Reference Guide ix EQ Credit 5: Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 375EQ Credit 6: Controllability of Systems: Thermal Comfort
37、 381 EQ Credit 7: Thermal Comfort: Design 387 EQ Credit 8.1: Daylight & Views: Daylight 75% of Spaces 393 EQ Credit 8.2: Daylight & Views: Views for 90% of Spaces 407 Innovation & Design Process 413 ID Credit 11.4: Innovation in Design 415 ID Credit 2: LEED Accredited Professional 419 Glossary 421 A
38、ppendices 441 Appendix 1 Default Occupancy Counts 441 Appendix 2 Core & Shell Energy Modeling Guidelines 442 Appendix 3 Leed-cs Project Scope Checklist 445 LEED-CS ratings: q Certified 23-27 points q Silver 28-33 points q Gold 34-44 points q Platinum 45-61pointsU.S. Green Building Council xLEED-CS V
39、ersion 2.0 Reference Guide 11 The built environment has a profound impact on our natural environment, economy, health and productivity. Breakthroughs in building science, technology and operations are now available to designers, builders, operators and owners who want to build green and maximize bot
40、h economic and environmental performance. The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) is coordinating the establishment and evolution of a national consensus effort to provide the industry with tools necessary to design, build and operate buildings that deliver high performance inside and out. Council m
41、embers work together to develop industry standards, design and construc- tion practices and guidelines, operating practices and guidelines, policy positions and educational tools that support the adoption of sustainable design and building practices. Members also forge strategic alliances with key i
42、ndustry and research organizations, federal government agencies and state and local governments to transform the built environment. As the leading organization that represents the entire building industry on environmental building matters, the Councils unique perspective and collective power provide
43、s our members with enormous opportunity to effect change in the way buildings are designed, built, operated and maintained. USGBC Membership The Councils greatest strength is the diversity of our membership. The USGBC is a balanced, consensus nonprofit representing the entire building industry, cons
44、isting of over 6,500 companies and organizations. Since its inception in 1993, the USGBC has played a vital role in providing a leadership forum and a unique, integrating force for the building industry. Council programs are q Committee-BasedThe heart of this effective coalition is our committee str
45、ucture in which volunteer members design strategies that are implemented by staff and expert consultants. Our committees provide a forum for members to resolve differences, build alliances and forge cooperative solutions for influencing change in all sectors of the building industry. q Member-Driven
46、The Councils membership is open and balanced and provides a comprehensive platform for carrying out important programs and activities. We target the issues identified by our members as the highest priority. We conduct an annual review of achievements that allows us to set policy, revise strategies a
47、nd devise work plans based on member needs. q Consensus-FocusedWe work together to promote green buildings and in doing so, we help foster greater economic vitality and environmental health at lower costs. The various industry segments bridge ideological gaps to develop balanced policies that benefi
48、t the entire industry. Contact the U.S. Green Building Council 1015 18th Street NW, Suite 508 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 828-7422 Office (202) 828-5110 Fax www.usgbc.org Foreword from the USGBCU.S. Green Building Council 12 I. Why Make Your Building Green? The environmental impact of the build- ing
49、design, construction and operation industry is significant. Buildings annually consume more than 30% of the total energy and more than 60% of the electric- ity used in the U.S. Each day five billion gallons of potable water is used solely to flush toilets. A typical North American commercial construction project gener- ates up to 2.5 pounds of solid waste per square foot of completed floor space. Development shifts land usage away from natural, biologically-diverse habitats to hardscape that is impervious and devoid of biodiversity. The far reaching influence of the built en
