1、Designation: E2652 16E2652 18 An American National StandardStandard Test Method forBehavior Assessing Combustibility of Materials inUsing aTube Furnace with a Cone-shaped Airflow Stabilizer, at750C1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2652; the number immediately following the design
2、ation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This fire-test-response test me
3、thod covers the determination under specified laboratory conditions of combustioncharacteristicsthe combustibility of building materials. Under certain conditions, with the appropriate pass/fail criteria, the resultsfrom this test are used to classify materials as noncombustible materials.1.2 Limita
4、tions of this fire-test response test method are shown below.1.2.1 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials.1.2.2 This test method is not suitable or satisfactory for materials that soften, flow, melt, intumesce or otherwise separate fromthe measuring thermocouple.1.2.3 This
5、test method does not provide a measure of an intrinsic property.1.2.4 This test method does not provide a quantitative measure of heat generation or combustibility; it simply serves as a testmethod with selected (end point) measures of combustibility.1.2.5 This test method does not measure the self-
6、heating tendencies of materials.1.2.6 In this test method materials are not being tested in the nature and form used in building aplications. The test specimenconsists of a small, specified volume that is either (1) cut from a thick sheet; (2) assembled from multiple thicknesses of thin sheets;or (3
7、) placed in a container if composed of grarnular powder or loose fiber materials.1.2.7 Results from this test method apply to the specific test apparatus and test conditions and are likely to vary when changesare made to one or more of the following: (1) the size, shape, and arrangement of the speci
8、men; (2) the distribution of organicecontent; (3) the exposure temperature; (4) the air supply; (5) the location of thermocouples.1.3 This test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excludingthose in tables and figures, shall not be co
9、nsidered as requirements of this test method.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 1182 (see also Annex A2 and 6.4.5).1.6 This standard is used to measure and de
10、scribe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame undercontrolled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials,products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.7 FIre testing is inherently
11、 hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting thesetests.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety
12、, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of
13、International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.23 on Combustibility.Current
14、 edition approved Jan. 1, 2016Dec. 15, 2018. Published February 2016January 2019. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20122016as E265212.16. DOI: 10.1520/E2652-16.10.1520/E2652-18.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM sta
15、ndard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by AS
16、TM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E136 Test Method for Behavior of
17、Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750CE176 Terminology of Fire Standards2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 1182 Reaction to Fire Tests for Building Products Non-combustibility TestISO 13943 Fire Safety VocabularyISO 5725-2:1994 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of Measured Methods and Results Part 2: Basi
18、c Method for theDetermination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method2.3 Other Standards:4IMO Fire Test Procedures Code3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms found in this test method, refer to Terminology E176 and ISO 13943. In case ofconflict, the defin
19、itions given in Terminology E176 shall prevail.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 homogeneous product, na product with nominally uniform density and composition.3.2.2 non-homogeneous product, na product that does not satisfy the requirements of a homogeneous product.3.2.2.1 Dis
20、cussionNon-homogeneous products are often composed of more than one component.3.2.3 sustained flaming (for testing at 750C), nsustained flaming for testing at 750C (1382F) is the persistence of a flameon or over any part of the visible part of the test specimen lasting 5 s or longer.4. Summary of Te
21、st Method4.1 This test method uses a furnace to expose building materials for at least 30 min to a temperature of 750C (1382F).4.2 The furnace consists of an enclosed refractory tube surrounded by a heating coil with a cone-shaped airflow stabilizer.4.3 Thermocouples are used to assess the temperatu
22、re increases resulting from combustion of the product.4.4 Weight loss and flaming combustion of the product is also assessed.5. Significance and Use5.1 While actual building fire exposure conditions are not duplicated, this test method will assist in indicating those materialswhich do not act to aid
23、 combustion or add appreciable heat to an ambient fire.5.2 This test method does not apply to laminated or coated materials.5.3 This test method is technically equivalent to ISO 1182.5.4 When appropriate pass/fail criteria are applied, materials that are reported as passing this test by complying wi
24、th thosecriteria (such as the ones in Appendix X2) are typically classified as noncombustible materials.6. Test Apparatus6.1 General:6.1.1 The apparatus shall consist of a refractory tube furnace insulated and surrounded by a heating coil.Acone-shaped airflowstabilizer shall be attached to the base
25、of the furnace and a draft shield to its top. Details are shown in Fig. 1.6.1.2 Thermocouples shall be provided for measuring the furnace temperature and the furnace wall temperature. Optionaladditional thermocouples shall be used if the specimen surface temperature and the specimen center temperatu
26、re are required.6.1.3 A thermal sensor shall be used to measure the furnace temperature along its central axis.6.1.4 Unless stated otherwise, all dimensions shall have a 5 % tolerance.6.2 Test Furnace:6.2.1 The test furnace shall consist primarily of the following.2 For referencedASTM standards, vis
27、it theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New Yo
28、rk, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4 Available from International Maritime Origanization, 55 Victoria St., London, SWIH0EU, United Kingdom, http:/www.imo.org.E2652 1826.2.2 The furnace tube shall be constructed of a refractory material, as specified in Table 1, of density 2800 6 300 kg/m3 (1756 19 lb/
29、ft3).6.2.3 The furnace shall be 150 6 1 mm (5.9 6 0.04 in.) high with an internal diameter of 75 6 1 mm (2.9 6 0.04 in.) and awall thickness of 10 6 1 mm (0.4 6 0.04 in.).6.2.4 The furnace tube shall be surrounded by an annular space of the following dimensions: 150 mm (5.9 6 0.04 in.) high andof 10
30、 mm (0.4 6 0.04 in.) wall thickness.FIG. 1 Test ApparatusKey to numbers in Fig. 11 Stand 7 Heat resisting steel rod for insertion device 13 External insulating wall2 Insulation 8 Stop 14 Mineral fiber cement3 Magnesium oxide powder 9 Specimen thermocouples (optional) 15 Seal4 Furnace tube 10 Stainle
31、ss steel tube 16 Stabilizer cone5 Heating coils 11 Specimen holder 17 Draft screen (metal sheet)6 Draft shield 12 Furnace thermocoupleTABLE 1 Furnace Tube Refractory Material for ApparatusMaterial Composition% (kg/kg mass)Alumina (Al2O3) 89Silica and alumina (SiO2, Al2O3) 98Ferric oxide (Fe2O) 0,45T
32、itanium dioxide (TiO2) 0,25Manganese oxide (Mn3O4) 0,1Other trace oxides (sodium, potassium,calcium and magnesium oxides)The balanceE2652 1836.2.4.1 The annular space shall be fitted with top and bottom plates, recessed internally to locate the ends of the furnace tube.6.2.4.2 The annular space shal
33、l be insulated with a 25 mm (1 in.) mm layer of an insulating material having a thermalconductivity of 0.04 6 0.01 W/(m K) (0.00077 6 0.00019 BTU in./(s ft2 F) at a mean temperature of 20C (68F). Magnesiumoxide powder of a nominal bulk density of 170 6 30 kg/m3 (10.6 6 1.9 lb/ft3) is a suitable mate
34、rial for this use.6.2.5 The furnace tube shall be provided with a single winding of 80/20 nickel/chromium electrical resistance tape,3 mm 6 0.1 mm (0.12 6 4/1000 in.) wide and 0.2 6 0.01 mm (8/1000 6 0.4/1000 in.) thick.6.2.5.1 Wind the electrical resistance tape as specified in Fig. 2.6.2.5.2 Cut g
35、rooves into the furnace tube so as to allow accurate winding of the electrical tape.6.2.6 An open-ended cone-shaped air-flow stabilizer shall be attached to the underside of the furnace.6.2.6.1 The air-flow stabilizer shall be 500 mm (19.7 in.) long and shall be reduced uniformly from an internal di
36、ameter of 756 1mm (2.9 6 0.04 in.) at the top to an internal diameter of 10.0 6 0.5 mm (0.4 6 0.4 in.) at the bottom.6.2.6.2 The air flow stabilizer shall be manufactured from1 mm thick sheet steel, with a smooth finish on the inside. The joint between the air flow stabilizer and the furnace shall h
37、ave anairtight fit, with an internal smooth finish.6.2.6.3 The upper half of the air flow stabilizer shall be insulated with a 25 mm (1 in.) layer of an insulating material havinga thermal conductivity of 0.04 6 0.01 W/(m K) (0.00077 6 0.00019 BTU in./(s ft2 F) at a mean temperature of 20C (68F).Min
38、eral fiber insulating material with a nominal thermal conductivity of 0.04 6 0.01 W/(m K) (0.00077 6 0.00019 BTU in./(sft2 F) at a mean temperature of 20C (68F) is a suitable material for this use.FIG. 2 Furnace Winding for Test ApparatusE2652 1846.2.7 A draft shield, constructed of the same materia
39、l as the air flow stabilizer, shall be provided at the top of the furnace. Itshall be 50 mm (2 in.) high and have an internal diameter of 75 6 1 mm (2.9 6 0.04 in.)6.2.7.1 The draft shield and its joint with the top of the furnace shall have smooth internal finish.6.2.7.2 The exterior shall be insul
40、ated with a 25 mm (1 in.) layer of an insulating material having a thermal conductivity of 0.046 0.01 W/(m K) (0.00077 6 0.00019 BTU in./(s ft2 F) at a mean temperature of 20C (68F). Mineral fiber insulating materialwith a nominal thermal conductivity of 0.04 6 0.01 W/(m K) (0.00077 6 0.00019 BTU in
41、./(s ft2 F) at a mean temperature of20C (68F) is a suitable material for this use.6.2.8 The assembly, consisting of the furnace, air flow stabilizer cone and draft shield, shall be mounted on a firm horizontalstand, with a base and draft screen attached to the stand, to reduce drafts around the bott
42、om of the stabilizer cone. The draft screenshall be 550 mm (21.7 in.) high and the bottom of the air flow stabilizer cone shall be located 250 mm (9.8 in.) above the baseplate.6.3 Test Specimen Holder and Insertion Device:6.3.1 The test specimen holder shall be made of nickel/chromium or of an alter
43、nate heat-resisting steel wire.Afine metal gauzetray of heat-resisting steel shall be placed in the bottom of the holder. The weight of the holder shall be 15 6 2 g (0.53 6 0.07oz).6.3.2 The test specimen holder shall be capable of being suspended from the lower end of a stainless steel tube with a
44、6 mm(14 in.) outside diameter and a 4 mm (0.15 in.) bore, as shown in Fig. 3.6.3.3 The test specimen holder shall be provided with a suitable insertion device for lowering it down the axis of the furnacetube without shock, so that the geometric center of the specimen during the test is located at th
45、e geometric center of the furnace,with a 63 mm (618 in.) tolerance. The insertion device shall consist of a metallic sliding rod moving freely within a vertical guidefitted to the side of the furnace.6.3.4 The test specimen holder for loose fill materials shall be cylindrical and shall have the same
46、 inner dimensions as the outerdimensions of the test specimen. It shall be made of fine metal wire gauze, constructed of heat resisting steel similar to the wiregauze used at the bottom of the test specimen holder specified in 6.3.1. The specimen holder shall have an open end at the top.The weight o
47、f the holder shall not exceed 30 g (1.06 oz).6.4 Thermocouples:6.4.1 Thermocouples shall have a wire diameter of 0.3 mm (0.01 in.) and an outer diameter of 1.5 mm (0.06 in.). The hotjunction shall be insulated and not earthed. The thermocouples shall be of either type K or type N. The thermocouple i
48、nsulatingmaterial shall be either stainless steel or a nickel based alloy.6.4.2 All new thermocouples shall be exposed to a Bunsen burner yellow flame for not less than 60 s before use.NOTE 1This will reduce thermocouple reflectivity.6.4.3 The furnace thermocouple shall be located with its hot junct
49、ion 10.0 6 0.5 mm (0.4 6 0.04 in.) from the tube wall andat a height corresponding to the geometric center of the furnace tube. A locating guide is a useful tool to set the position of thethermocouple. The correct position shall be maintained with the help of a guide attached to the draft shield.6.4.4 In addition to the thermocouple for the measurement of the furnace temperature, a similar thermocouple shall be providedfor measuring the furnace wall temperature during calibration.6.4.5 Additional required thermocouples are described in
