1、Designation: D8111 18D8111 18aStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIH,Spark-Ignition Engine1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8111; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONPortions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM TestMonit
3、oring Center (TMC)2 services (see Annex A1).The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desireto produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previouslycalibrated by the TMC.In general, the test purchaser dec
4、ides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such astheAmerican Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their testregistration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant ReviewCommittee of the Lubricant Review
5、 Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use theTMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (andhence the test purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand w
6、as operating at the proper level of testseverity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may notbe the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test
7、 procedures based on genericequipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has beenapproved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the testprocedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encourag
8、ed to clearly identifyif the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTMencourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the criticalpart/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the tec
9、hnical committee.An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the partthat is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and deter
10、minefeasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that areplacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent the sole-source supplier footnoteshall be removed from the test procedure.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers an engine test
11、 procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperatureperformance characteristics, including oil thickening (as measured by kinematic viscosity increase), piston deposits, ring sticking,oil consumption, and phosphorus retention. Such oils include both single-viscosity and mult
12、iviscosity grade oils that are used inboth spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0 on Automotive
13、Lubricants.Current edition approved April 1, 2018Oct. 1, 2018. Published May 2018November 2018. Originally approved in 2017. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 asD8111 17.D8111 18. DOI: 10.1520/D8111-18.10.1520/D8111-18A.2 Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring
14、 Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information lettersmay be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in allinformation letters through No. 17-
15、5.18-2.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult pr
16、ior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19
17、428-2959. United States11.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental requirements, a Sequence IIIHA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and ColdCranking Simulator measurements), or a Sequence IIIHB Test (phosphorus retention measurement) can be conducted. Thesesupplemental test procedures are contain
18、ed in Appendix X1 and Appendix X2, respectively.NOTE 1Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
19、1.2.1 Exceptions:1.2.1.1 Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing sizes, and valvesizes and springs.1.2.1.2 The ring end gaps in TableA8.7, the dimensions for the blowby ventilation support bracket in Fig.A3.2, and the torquewrenches in Ta
20、ble A8.1 are in inch-pound units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitatio
21、ns prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.11.6, 7.1, 7.2.1, and 7.3.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards,
22、Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric PressureD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pet
23、roleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb CalorimeterD323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)D381 Test Met
24、hod for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet EvaporationD445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Pote
25、ntiometric TitrationD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine FuelD3231 Test Method for Phosphoru
26、s in GasolineD3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption SpectroscopyD3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsD3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation FuelsD3343 Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Conten
27、t of Aviation FuelsD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD4684 Test Method for Det
28、ermination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils at Low TemperatureD4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols inGasoline by Gas
29、 ChromatographyD5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)D5293 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Eng
30、ine Oils and Base Stocks Between 10 C and 35 C Using Cold-CrankingSimulatorD5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory FiltrationD5453 Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,and Engine Oi
31、l by Ultraviolet FluorescenceD7320 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition EngineD8047 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oil Aeration Resistance in a Caterpillar C13 Direct-Injected TurbochargedAutomotive Diesel Engine3 For referencedASTM standard
32、s, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.D8111 18a2E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance
33、with SpecificationsE168 Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quantitative AnalysisE191 Specification forApparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic Compounds2.2 SAE Standards:4J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification (Other Than
34、 “Energy-Conserving”)J300 Engine Oil Viscosity ClassificationJ304 Engine Oil Tests *HS-23/00*2.3 Other ASTM Documents:Guidelines for Calibration5The Lubricant Test Monitoring System, Sequence IIIH Test Control Chart Technique for Developing and Applying SeverityAdjustments (SA)6ASTM Deposit Rating M
35、anual No. 20 (Formerly CRC Manual 20)72.4 Other Standards:MIL-PRF-2104 Performance Specification: Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine, Combat/Tactical Service83. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 air-fuel ratio, nin internal combustion engines, the mass ratio of air-to-fuel in the mixture bei
36、ng induced into thecombustion chambers. D41753.1.2 automotive, adjdescriptive of equipment associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internalcombustion engines. D41753.1.3 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, that portion of the combustion products and unburned air/fue
37、l mixture thatleaks past piston rings into the engine crankcase during operation. D41753.1.4 calibrate, vto determine the indication or output of a device (e.g., thermometer, manometer, engine) with respect to thatof a standard. D41753.1.5 calibrated test stand, na test stand on which the testing of
38、 reference material(s), conducted as specified in the standard,provided acceptable test results.3.1.5.1 DiscussionIn several automotive lubricant standard test methods, theASTM Test Monitoring Center provides testing guidance and determinesacceptability. D41753.1.6 cold-stuck piston ring, nin intern
39、al combustion engines, a piston ring that is stuck when the piston and ring are at roomtemperature, but inspection shows that it was free during engine operation.3.1.6.1 DiscussionA cold-stuck piston ring cannot be moved with moderate finger pressure. It is characterized by a polished face over its
40、entirecircumference, indicating essentially no blowby passed over the outside of the ring during operation. D41753.1.7 corrosion, nthe chemical or electrochemical reaction between a material, usually a metal surface, and its environmentthat can produce a deterioration of the material and its propert
41、ies. D41753.1.8 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.3.1.8.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhance certain prop
42、erties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oiloxidation, and foaming are examples. D41753.1.9 hot-stuck piston ring, nin internal combustion engines, a piston ring that is stuck when the piston and ring are at roomtemperature, and inspection shows that it was stuck du
43、ring engine operation.4 Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http:/www.sae.org.5 Guidelines for Calibration can be found in the Lubricant Test Monitoring System, available from the Test Monitoring Center, http :/www.astmtmc.cmu.edu.6 Available at: ftp:/
44、ftp.astmtmc.cmu.edu.7 Available as stock #TMCMNL20 at www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.8 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.D8111 18a33.1.9.1 Discuss
45、ionThe portion of the ring that is stuck cannot be moved with moderate finger pressure. A hot-stuck ring is characterized by varnishor carbon across a portion of its face, indicating that portion of the ring was not contacting the cylinder wall during engineoperation. D41753.1.10 lubricant test moni
46、toring system (LTMS), nan analytical system in which ASTM calibration test data are used tomanage lubricant test precision and severity (bias). D41753.1.11 lubricant, nany material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, between them.D41753.1.12 mass fraction of B
47、, wB,nmass of a component B in a mixture divided by the total mass of all the constituents of themixture.3.1.12.1 DiscussionValues are expressed as pure numbers or the ratio of two units of mass (for example, mass fraction of lead is wB = 1.3 x 106 =1.3 mg/kg). D80473.1.13 Material Safety Data Sheet
48、 (MSDS), na fact sheet summarizing information about material identification; hazardousingredients; health, physical, and fire hazards; first aid; chemical reactivities and incompatibilities; spill, leak, and disposalprocedures; and protective measures required for safe handling and storage. http:/3
49、.1.14 non-reference oil, nany oil, other than a reference oil; such as a research formulation, commercial oil, or candidate oil.D41753.1.15 oxidation, nof engine oil, the reaction of the oil with an electron acceptor, generally oxygen, that can producedeleterious acidic or resinous materials often manifested as sludge formation, varnish formation, viscosity increase, or corrosion,or a combination thereof. D41753.1.16 quality index (QI), na mathematical formula that uses data from controlled parameters to calculate a value indi
