1、Designation: D8053 18Standard Guide forData Management and Reporting Associated with Oil andGas Development Involving Hydraulic Fracturing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide presents a series of options regarding datacollection, data management, and info
3、rmation delivery andreporting associated with oil and gas development involvinghydraulic fracturing. Options presented for data managementand reporting are intended to improve the transparent informa-tion exchange between three primary stakeholder groups:operators, regulators, and the public. Improv
4、ed informationexchange is expected to enhance public understanding of oiland gas development.1.2 Suggestions contained in this guide may not be appli-cable in all circumstances. This guide is not intended torepresent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacyof a given professional servic
5、e should be judged, nor shouldthis guide be applied without consideration of a projects manyunique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of thisdocument means that the document has been approved throughthe ASTM process.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the stand
6、ard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this sta
7、ndard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision
8、on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluids2.2 API Standards:3API RP1
9、00-2 Environmental Aspects Associated with Ex-ploration and Production Operations Including HydraulicFracturingAPI RP100-3 Community Engagement Guidelines2.3 ASQ Standards:4ASQ/ANSI E4:2014 Quality Management Systems for En-vironmental Information and Technology Programs2.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 14001
10、Environmental Management Systems3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this guide,refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 flowback, vthe act of recovering produced fluidsfrom the formation after hydraulic fracturing operations. (API)3
11、.2.2 hydraulic fracturing fluid, na fluid blend that caninclude a base fluid, proppant, and other additives, that isexpressly designed to hydraulically induce fractures in thetarget formation. (API)3.3 Acronyms:3.3.1 APIAmerican Petroleum Institute3.3.2 ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute3.3.3
12、 ASQAmerican Society for Quality3.3.4 ISOInternational Organization for Standardization3.3.5 ITInformation technology1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.26 on HydraulicFracturing.Current edition approve
13、d Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. DOI:10.1520/D8053-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website
14、.3Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,Washington, DC 20005-4070, http:/www.api.org.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI
15、), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization e
16、stablished in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.3.6 QAQuality assurance3.3.7 QAPPQuality assurance project plan3.3.8 QCQuality control3.3.9 USEPAUn
17、ited States Environmental ProtectionAgency4. Summary of Guide4.1 The goal of this consensus standard is to foster a greaterdegree of transparency regarding oil and gas developmentthrough improved information delivery to the public. Thisguide examines the regulatory frameworks of data flow,reporting
18、and information delivery, and offers suggestions forimproving the communication throughout oil and gas develop-ment operations. The benefits of collaborative stakeholderrelationships and better-defined roles and responsibilities re-garding data capture, collection, and storage are suggested toenhanc
19、e interagency and industry coordination resulting inimproved information delivery to the public.4.2 The guides primary objective is to promote the efficacyof providing stakeholders easy access to comprehensive high-quality information on oil and gas development operations,allowing for better decisio
20、n making during each phase relevantto their particular areas of interest, in as efficient and cost-effective manner as practicable. A challenge for regulators isthe presentation of important technical data in laymans termsso the public understands potential ramifications of certainvalues. Finally, t
21、he collection of insufficient data may result ina failure to identify and, thereby, prevent damage or harm tothe environment, natural resources, and public health.4.3 The target audiences for the data management andreporting options discussed in this guide are operator andregulator stakeholders. The
22、 target beneficiaries of these prac-tices are public stakeholders. Public stakeholders increasinglyrequest easier and more frequent access to information tounderstand: (1) the regulatory and operational activities asso-ciated with oil and gas development operations in theircommunities and (2) enviro
23、nmental aspects of these operationsand safeguards to their health, safety and welfare. The follow-ing paragraphs provide a summary of stakeholder consider-ations and goals.4.3.1 Regulators (especially state technology offices, budgetoffices, and agencies regulating oil and gas developmentoperations)
24、 should collaboratively determine what data arereported to agencies from operators and establish data proto-cols for those transmissions (data formats, volumes, acceptablevariations, and reporting frequencies). This collaborationshould specifically include policy on how operators, agencies,and third
25、 parties will manage and secure data in the future.4.3.2 Federal, state, and local rules, policies, and regulationsshould determine: (1) how data collection may be standardizedfor better data integration; (2) what required data are collected;(3) how the data are defined, collected, processed, qualit
26、yassured, and stored; and (4) when data will be submitted andmade readily available.4.3.3 Operators and agencies should strive to use national,international, industry and technology best practices for datacollection, data security, data management, and submissions.4.3.4 Stakeholders should strive to
27、 improve transparencyand communication through publicly accessible (internet)reporting, transitioning to an automated self-service model, andsignificantly expanded mobile applications.4.3.5 Stakeholders should benefit by improved timeliness ofoil and gas development operations information reported t
28、o thepublic including frequency of data collection and updates.4.3.6 Regulators, operators, and other non-governmentalorganizations should improve interagency and industry coor-dination through cross-jurisdictional collaboration amongfederal, state and local agencies involved in oil and gasdevelopme
29、nt regulation and leverage resources for more effec-tive data management, information delivery and reporting tothe public.4.4 Stakeholders should benefit by improved public under-standing of the oil and gas development activity.5. Significance and Use5.1 Limitations of GuideThis guide is for use by
30、stake-holders involved with collecting, managing, reporting, anddelivering data during oil and gas development operationsusing hydraulic fracturing. Some data collected for operationaland business concerns regarding hydraulic fracturing is classi-fied as proprietary and can be classified as such by
31、individualoperators based on state regulatory conditions. Accordingly,this guide will not address the collection, management, andreporting of proprietary operator data other than to note thatsignificant benefits may be achieved by narrowing the classi-fication of proprietary data, and standardizing
32、the definition of“proprietary data” between regulators. Regulators interests indata vary widely based upon a specific agencys charter,statutory/legislative mandates, legacy requirements, and con-siderations relating to operator compliance. Depending uponjurisdictional boundaries, multiple regulatory
33、 agencies gener-ally have statutory responsibilities regarding oil and gasdevelopment operations. These agencies properly determinewhat information will be collected based on agency specificresponsibilities. Accordingly, this guide will not address theselection of data elements to be collected by re
34、gulatoryagencies other than to note that significant efficiencies may beachieved by using integrated or common, interagency, datamanagement processes, protocols, systems, and best practicesand by reviewing data collection activities against those ofsister agencies to minimize gaps and overlaps.5.2 O
35、il and gas development operations include the entirewell life cycle, as shown in Fig. 1.5.3 This guide distinguishes the term hydraulic fracturingfrom oil and gas development operations. Many consider theterms interchangeable. The industry typically refers to hydrau-lic fracturing as the explicit ac
36、t of pressurizing a well in a shaleformation to fracture that formation and release oil and gas.However, the public commonly views hydraulic fracturing asthe life cycle of activities used to extract oil and gas from shaleformations, which include the process of hydraulic fracturingthose formations.
37、Hydraulic fracturing is a specific method forstimulating horizontal, vertical, or slanted oil and gas wells thatD8053 182typically only lasts a few days, whereas oil and gas develop-ment operations could continue for decades and may includemultiple hydraulic fracturing events.5.4 Implementation of G
38、uideThis guide does not prescribepolicy actions, but provides technical suggestions data produc-ers and managers should consider when developing or enhanc-ing data management and reporting mechanisms to satisfy theneeds of end users and the public. Stakeholders may implementsuggestions presented in
39、this guide as a means of aligning dataobjectives and supporting improved data analysis and pro-cesses. Data management and reporting processes should beperiodically evaluated and improvements made to addressongoing stakeholder requirements and needs.5.5 Data reported to the public should be relevant
40、, timely,accessible, accurate, and verifiable. Unfortunately, in someinstances, relevant data are not being collected, received, orstored by the regulatory agencies in a form that allows effectiveand timely access by the public.5.6 Anticipated Benefits Expected from the Use of ThisGuideIncrease publ
41、ic information access by providing stake-holders a self-service area or portal to view accurate andconsolidated information regarding oil and gas developmentoperations;5.6.1 More certain and consistent IT planning and decisionmaking for local, state, and federal agencies and other stake-holders;5.6.
42、2 Publicly accessible, queryable, spatially distributeddatabases through an interface supplied by each respectiveagency;5.6.3 Improved database accuracy, completeness, and QAverifications are in place for publicly accessible data;5.6.4 Direct and immediate access to designated health-related data fo
43、r environmental emergency responses and reme-diation during oil and gas development including construction,maintenance, decommissioning and monitoring data;5.6.5 Improved environmental and operational data man-agement by regulators through collaborative inter and intra-state data sharing, reducing d
44、uplication of efforts throughcross-jurisdictional data protocols, exchanges, integrations,and interoperability among stakeholders;5.6.6 Comprehensive data reporting, and information deliv-ery regarding new, existing, or refractured oil and gas wells forcommunity awareness of potential areas of conce
45、rn regardingpublic health safety and welfare;5.6.7 Direct and timely access to easily queryable data andreporting for state, regional, and national analyses of potentialenvironmental impacts from oil and gas development.5.6.8 Data sets linked to related research and developmentstudies conducted by o
46、ther stakeholders (for example, otheragencies, related departments, research and academic sources,and industry sources).6. Data6.1 OverviewThe primary objective of this guide is topromote the efficacy of providing stakeholders easy access tocomprehensive and useful information on oil and gasdevelopm
47、ent, relevant to their particular area(s) of interest, inas efficient and cost-effective manner as practicable. CarefullyFIG. 1 Phases of Oil and Gas Development Operations Well Life CycleD8053 183considered data identification, collection, and managementpractices are central to achieving that objec
48、tive.6.2 Data Granularity:6.2.1 Provision of easy access is neither practicable norcost-effective for all data (given the terabytes of data collected)at the finest level of granularity. The determination of theappropriate level of granularity at which each data element iscollected, managed, and repo
49、rted may necessitate negotiatedlimits and tradeoffs between stakeholders.6.3 Data ScopeAll stakeholders have interests in the dataidentification (scoping) process. If information related to astakeholders need are not provided, such unmet need maygenerate some degree of disenfranchisement or distrust.However, costs of collecting, managing, and reporting largequantities of data elements necessitate limits and tradeoffs indetermining what data will be collected, managed, and re-ported. An open, transparent, and consistent process encour-ages full stakeholder
